绩效考核中宽大效应的成因及控制方法

绩效考核中宽大效应对于组织的人力资源管理有极大的危害性。该文从考核情境因素、考核工具因素以及考核者因素三方面分析了绩效考核中宽大效应的成因,考核情境因素主要包括组织文化、考核目的、考核的匿名性;考核工具因素主要指考核指标的清晰与结构化;考核者因素包括考核者的动机、认知过程、情感、情绪以及稳定的人格特质。同时,根据对成因的分析提出了对绩效考核中宽大效应的控制方法。最后,指出了以往研究的不足以及未来需要深入研究的几个问题     

团队领导的职能、决定因素及有效性

团队的情境特点和任务要求使团队领导具有了不同于传统组织领导的特点。该文从团队领导与群体领导的区别入手,以职能领导观分析了团队领导的职能：包括团队联络职能,收集并转译来自团队内外的信息;目标建立职能;运作协调职能,协调团队成员活动使其能在团队水平上充分整合;以及决定领导职能相对重要性的团队特征与作业特征,最后探讨了团队领导对团队有效性的作用及机制,并指出将来研究的方向     

解决标准集未知题的易错性成因

解决标准集未知题容易出错,目前人们主要从关系换位和关键词策略两个角度予以解释。该研究提出概念驱动假设并用4个实验加以检验。主要实验结果如下：学生编写出的问题主要是比较集未知题;解决标准集未知题和比较集未知题的两种先后顺序产生了不尽相同的干扰模式;数据加工水平影响概念驱动作用。在文章最后讨论了该研究对教学工作的含义。     

不同阅读水平儿童的汉字字形输出与再认

实验采用与和选择任务,对比研究了不同阅读水平儿童在汉字字形输出和再认过程中的共同点和差异。结果发现：汉字声旁的规则必影响所有阅读水平儿童听写和听选择的正确和率错误率;阅读水平低的儿童阅读水平高的儿童产生更多的同音替代;与阅读水平高的儿童相比,阅读水平低的儿童更加需要线性的帮助。文章从心理词典结构和字词加工的角度探讨了这种差异的理论含义。     

Phonology in the Lexical Processing of Chinese: Priming Tone Neighbors

Using both visual-visual and auditory-visual priming lexical decision tasks, this study investigated phonological processing in reading logographic Chinese. Compound words sharing segmental templates but differing in lexical tones were used as primes and targets while their relative frequency was manipulated. It was found that tone neighbours did not prime each other significantly and the SOA of 100 msec in visual-visual priming. When the SOA was increased to 357 msec, or when primes were presented auditorily, the processing of target words was significantly delayed by their tone neighbours. Larger inhibitory effects were observed for low frequency targets with high frequency primes. It was argued that although phonological information is automatically activated and this activation affects access to semantics in reading Chinese,phonological mediation is not the only or the main ~urce of constraints on semantic activation.     

时间隐喻表征的跨文化研究

通过广泛收集语料,用内容分析和因素分析方法探析了中英时间隐喻表征的概念结构,获得了时间隐喻概念的11个构成维度,证实了时间隐喻表征有着系统的内部结构的假想,并发现中英两种文化在时间隐喻概念结构上非常相似.     

多维效标测量的构成

通过为某机床企业销售员制定一套自我绩效评定迫选量表,收集判断性效标测量和非判断性效标测量,研究判断性效标测量和非判断性效标测量与自我绩效评定迫选量表中各工作行为的关系,验证了两个假设：(1)任一效标测量不可能与所有有效工作行为显著相关;(2)在效标测量中,既应采用判断性效标测量,也应采用非判断性效标测量,二者互相补充,不可替代。     

言语产生研究的理论框架

本文回顾了言语产生的研究历史,总结了言语产生的理论框架和研究方法,对言语产生研究中的一些关键问题进行了系统的分析,这些问题包括：(1)语义如何存储在心理词典中;(2)词条选择和音位编码的独立性;(3)语音和音位编码方式;(4)音位信息与音节框架之间的关系。     

小学儿童社交焦虑与孤独感研究

本研究采用经修订的量表对大城市三所普通小学的569名小学生测查了与社会交往有关的情绪,结果表明：男生的孤独感显著地高于女生。被拒绝儿童的孤独感最高,其次是被忽视儿童。二年级和六年级儿童的社交焦虑显著高于四年级儿童;被拒绝儿童的社交焦虑水平显著高于其他儿童。     

When openness to experience and conscientiousness are related to creative behavior: an interactional approach.

This study adopted an interactional approach to understanding how 2 of the Five-Factor traits, openness to experience and conscientiousness, are related to creative behavior in the workplace. Openness to experience is theorized to result in high levels of creative behavior and conscientiousness is theorized to result in low levels of creative behavior when the situation allows for the manifestation of the trait influences. More specifically, the authors hypothesized that openness to experience would result in high levels of creative behavior if feedback valence were positive and job holders were presented with a heuristic task that allowed them to be creative. The authors also hypothesized that conscientiousness would result in low levels of creative behavior if supervisors engaged in close monitoring and coworkers were unsupportive. The authors tested their hypotheses in a sample of office workers, and 5 out of the 6 hypotheses were supported.