儿童青少年心理素质研究30年:回顾与展望

作为具有中国特色的心理学研究,心理素质已有30多年的研究历程,对其进行系统的回顾与展望,既是出于梳理总结以往研究得失的考虑,也是将心理素质研究推向新的高度的必然需要。首先,本文阐述了心理素质研究产生的背景,并详述了心理素质概念、结构和测量工具的提出、完善和成型的历程;其次,在整理以往研究的基础上,系统阐述了心理素质的发展特点及其形成和作用机制;最后,阐述了心理素质研究成果的学术影响及推广应用,并对心理素质的未来研究进行了展望。     

Leader-Follower Congruence in Need for Achievement and Work Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Leader-Member Exchange

While several studies have investigated the effect of employees’ need for achievement on their work-related outcomes, how leader-follower congruence in need for achievement is related to critical workplace outcomes remains underexplored. Integrating person-environment theory and similarity-attraction theory, this study investigated the influences of leader-follower congruence in need for achievement on followers’ job performance and job well-being through the mediating effect of leader-member exchange (LMX). Using cross-level polynomial regression and response surface analysis to analyze the data from 391 leaders and 1,124 followers, we found that leader-follower congruence in need for achievement had a positive effect on followers’ job performance and job well-being though the mediating role of LMX. The theoretical and managerial implications are further discussed.     

佛教文化化解中年知识分子心理压力情况的调查与分析

我国正在经历着一场深刻的社会转型,中年知识分子承受着严重的心理压力,佛教文化对缓解这种压力发挥了积极的作用.本文就中年知识分子利用佛教文化化解心理压力的现状、机制和前景做一点探讨.     

印度教生命论

印度教认为生命源于最高神梵,梵作为最高真实和永恒所在,统摄宇宙.万物生命为梵所赐,其生命构成皆为五大元素,一切生命皆平等,皆值得尊重,皆具神圣性.人类个体生命存在是整个大宇宙生命轮回的一个驿站,人生过程就是不断在神力的引导之下实现生命的更高层次的神圣化,以期回归最高终极.