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Resource availability hypothesis: Perceived financial and caloric status affect individuals' height preferences for potential partners
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Qingzhou Sun Liandi Lou Jingyi Lu Xiaoming Wang Jun Zhong Xuyun Tan Yanxia Li Yongfang Liu 《International journal of psychology》2016,51(5):340-347
Height is an important concern in human mate choices. Prior research indicates that people who live in areas with abundant resources differ from those who live in areas with scarce resources regarding height preferences. Based on a health‐maximizing principle, we propose a resource availability account for such differences. Compared with women's height preferences, men's height preferences are hypothesized to be more dependent on either financial or caloric resource availability. Specifically, taller females would be more preferred by males who are poor in resources than those who are rich in resources. Results from three studies supported these hypotheses. In Study 1, men from remote areas of China who had lower family income preferred taller women more than those from eastern China who had higher family income. In Study 2, men who were financially dissatisfied preferred taller women more than those who were financially satisfied. In Study 3, men with low caloric status preferred taller women more than men with high caloric status. In addition, women's height preferences in Studies 1, 2 and 3 were less determined by resource availability. These findings suggest that height preferences are changeable, depending on financial or caloric status. 相似文献
154.
Yu Ling E. Scott Huebner Yu-shu He Ming-tian Zhong 《Applied research in quality of life》2016,11(4):1309-1320
Using latent class analyses (LCA), the present study aimed to test whether meaningful subtypes of internalizing and externalizing behaviors could be found among Chinese community-based adolescents. A total of 5244 adolescents, ages 11–18 years (M?=?15.11, SD?=?1.79) recruited from 16 Chinese middle schools completed the Chinese version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-C). We examined the data using Latent Class Analysis to identify subtypes of internalizing and externalizing behaviors among the adolescents. Multivariate Logistic regression was subsequently implemented to ascertain the relationships between latent classes and demographic covariates. Three distinct subtypes were uncovered: a high-risk group, a middle-risk group and a low-risk group; the three subtypes accounted for 19.8, 31.1, and 49.1 % of the total sample variance respectively. Youth with elevations in one behavior type were likely to have elevations in the other behavior type. Further analyses revealed that compared to the low-risk group, the adolescents from the high-risk group and middle-risk groups were female and older. Significant heterogeneity in internalizing and externalizing behaviors was revealed in this Chinese adolescent’s sample. Profiling behavior problems patterns is potentially useful as a first step in developing tailored prevention and intervention programs. Suggestions for future research, including cross-national studies, and implications for mental health professionals were discussed. 相似文献
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本文以社会认知为出发点,考察印象形成记忆和认知表征;采用具体行为描述作为刺激材料,通过三个实验,160名被试,系统考察了印象形成中行为信息加工的方式。结果表明:(1)印象形成过程中,我们对行为信息进行精致加工编码,行为信息与品质相关,但它们是独立存贮在记忆中;(2)项目增加和项目丢失技术是区别精致加工和组织加工的有效工具。 相似文献
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先前研究基于功能特化的思想, 基本完成了创造性问题解决相关的各个关键脑区的功能定位, 但并未揭示这些关键脑区在创造活动中的动态神经活动以及它们之间的相互作用关系。本研究拟从动态的功能整合的思想出发, 采用时间序列分析和有效连通性分析方法, 对语义类问题的创造性解决中的信息选择和新颖联结形成等关键子过程的大脑动态加工模式进行研究。本研究不仅能丰富并发展创造性问题解决神经基础的研究方法, 而且能够从系统的层面, 从动态信息加工的角度加深对创造性问题解决脑机制的认识, 推动其神经理论的发展。 相似文献
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Purple sweet potato color (PSPC), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins used to color food (E163), has been reported to possess a variety of biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory. The effect of PSPC on the spatial learning and memory of mice treated with d-galactose (d-gal) was evaluated by the Morris water maze; d-gal-treated mice had decreased performance compared with mice in the vehicle and PSPC groups, while the PSPC + d-gal group showed significantly shortened escape latency to platform, increased swimming speed, more target quadrant search time and more platform crossings as compared with the d-gal group. Brain functions, such as memory formation and recovery of function after injury, depend on proper regulation of the expression levels of the pre- and post-synaptic proteins. We investigated the expression of four pre-synaptic proteins (growth-associated protein-43, synapsin-I, synaptophysin, and synaptotagmin) and two post-synaptic proteins (post-synaptic density protein-95 and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, respectively, in response to different treatments. Western blotting analysis showed that there were significant decreases in the expression of these representative synaptic proteins in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of d-gal-treated mice. Interestingly, these decreased expression levels of synaptic proteins could be reversed by PSPC. The levels of expression of these representative synaptic proteins in mice treated with PSPC alone were not significantly different from those in untreated mice. The results of this study suggested that memory impairment and synaptic protein loss in d-gal-treated mice may be improved by treatment with PSPC. 相似文献
160.
James Georgas Kostas Mylonas Tsabika Bafiti Ype H. Poortinga Sophia Christakopoulou Cigdem Kagitcibasi Kyunghwa Kwak Bilge Ataca John Berry Sabiha Orung Diane Sunar Neophytos Charalambous Robin Goodwin Wen‐Zhong Wang Alois Angleitner Irena Stepanikova Susan Pick Martha Givaudan Irina Zhuravliova‐Gionis Rajani Konantambigi Michele J. Gelfand Velislava Marinova Catherine McBride‐Chang Yasmin Kodi 《International journal of psychology》2001,36(5):289-300
This study investigated the relationship between culture, structural aspects of the nuclear and extended family, and functional aspects of the family, that is, emotional distance, social interaction, and communication, as well as geographical proximity. The focus was on the functional aspects of family, defined as members of the nuclear family (mother, father, and their children) and the extended family (grandmother/grandfather, aunt/uncle, cousins). Sixteen cultures participated in this study, with a total number of 2587 participants. The first hypothesis, that the pattern of scores on the psychological measures and the behavioral outcomes are similar across cultures, an indication of cultural universality, was supported. The second hypothesis, that functional relations between members of the nuclear family and their kin are maintained in high‐affluent and low‐affluent cultures, and that differences in functional relationships in high‐ and low‐affluent cultures are a matter of degree, was also supported by the findings. The results suggest that it is less meaningful in cross‐cultural family studies to ask questions about the structure of the family, than to ask about the functional relationships between members of the nuclear family and their kin. In looking only at the nuclear family, one focuses only on those residing in the household, but ignores those important members of the extended family who may reside nearby and their significant relationships with the members of the nuclear family. 相似文献