高校心理咨询师的专业能力及专业发展

本研究旨在了解高校心理咨询师的专业能力及专业发展。选取24名来自北京8所高校从事心理咨询的专职或兼职心理咨询师进行4个焦点小组访谈。研究发现,高校心理咨询接触到的主要问题是心理障碍,多数心理咨询师胜任工作的专业能力不足,专业训练和实践均有欠缺,专业发展的需求强烈。健全高校临床与咨询心理学学历教育,推行心理咨询师资格认证和审核制度以及完善继续教育机制是促进高校心理咨询师专业能力及专业发展的重要途径。     

The role of emotion expectancies in adolescents' moral decision making

This study investigated the impact of emotion expectancies on adolescents’ moral decision making in hypothetical situations. The sample consisted of 160 participants from three different grade levels (mean age = 15.79 years, SD = 2.96). Participants were confronted with a set of scenarios that described various emotional outcomes of (im)moral actions and needed to decide what they would do if they were in the protagonist’s shoes. Findings demonstrate that emotion expectancies differentially influenced adolescents’ hypothetical decision making in antisocial versus prosocial behavioral contexts. Whereas negatively charged self-evaluative emotions over failing to act morally (e.g., guilt) were the strongest predictor for moral choice in antisocial behavioral contexts, positively charged self-evaluative emotions over acting morally (e.g., pride) most strongly predicted moral choice in prosocial contexts. Older adolescents paid greater attention to outcome-oriented emotions that make the decision to act morally less attractive (e.g., regret). Overall, the study suggests that emotion expectancies influence moral decision making in unique and meaningful ways.     

The effect of color (red versus blue) on assimilation versus contrast in prime-to-behavior effects

This paper examines whether color can modify the way that primed constructs affect behavior. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that, compared to the color white, blue is more likely to lead to assimilative shifts in behavior, whereas red is more likely to lead to contrastive changes in behavior. In our experiment, previous findings were replicated in the white color condition: participants’ behavior assimilated to primed stereotypes of (un)intelligence and contrasted away from primed exemplars of (un)intelligence. However, in the blue color condition, participants’ behavior assimilated to the primed constructs, whereas in the red color condition, participants’ behavior contrasted away from the primed constructs, irrespective of whether the primed constructs were stereotypes or exemplars.     

Antecedents of team potency and team effectiveness: an examination of goal and process clarity and servant leadership

Integrating theories of self-regulation with team and leadership literatures, this study investigated goal and process clarity and servant leadership as 3 antecedents of team potency and subsequent team effectiveness, operationalized as team performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Our sample of 304 employees represented 71 teams in 5 banks. Results showed that team-level goal and process clarity as well as team servant leadership served as 3 antecedents of team potency and subsequent team performance and team organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, we found that servant leadership moderated the relationships between both goal and process clarity and team potency, such that the positive relationships between both goal and process clarity and team potency were stronger in the presence of servant leadership.     

Parent-Child Engagement in Decision Making and the Development of Adolescent Affective Decision Capacity and Binge Drinking

The goal of this study was to investigate how parents’ engagement of their child in everyday decision-making influenced their adolescent’s development on two neuropsychological functions, namely, affective decision-making and working memory, and its effect on adolescent binge-drinking behavior.We conducted a longitudinal study of 192 Chinese adolescents. In 10th grade, the adolescents were tested for their affective decision-making ability using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and working memory capacity using the Self-ordered Pointing Test (SOPT). Questionnaires were used to assess perceived parent-child engagement in decision-making, academic performance and drinking behavior. At one-year follow-up, the same neuropsychological tasks and questionnaires were repeated.Results indicate that working memory and academic performance were uninfluenced by parent-child engagement in decision-making. However, compared to adolescents whose parents made solitary decisions for them, adolescents engaged in everyday decision-making showed significant improvement on affective decision capacity and significantly less binge-drinking one year later.These findings suggest that parental engagement of children in everyday decision-making might foster the development of neurocognitive functioning relative to affective decision-making and reduce adolescent substance use behaviors.     

论虚拟生存

关于人的生存问题研究,人们比较一致的观点认为,它是阐释马克思哲学的一个重要维度。如果把生存论的研究放到由于网络技术的发展而生成的网络时代这一语境下进行思考的话,我们便会发现,一种与人的现实生存不同的虚拟生存,正在演化为人类在当代的一种崭新的生存方式,并要求我们从马克思主义哲学的角度来展开对其有意义的解答。一当代人生存方式的虚拟性对人的生存问题的追问,通常是在人的生存活动方式的意义上来进行的,它关心的是在特定条件下人生存的具体表现,涉及到人怎样生存或者生存样式是怎样的等问题。所以,人们也经常在生存方式或存在…     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症胎儿不良预后原因探索

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积时,在各种机制作用下,往往在妊娠晚期发生胎儿猝死等不良预后,但机制尚不清楚,还在不断的探索之中。主要从胎盘结构因素、胆汁酸的作用、血管及血管调节因素三个方面分析妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症不良预后的原因,旨在研究妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者胎儿不良预后的原因中所体现的哲学观点。     

龙虎与丹经

在南阳汉代画像石中,有一幅神秘的龙虎呼吸图(见篇末),这幅图的涵义学术界一直不得其解。我们在研究道家丹经的时候,才恍然悟出原来是有关丹经的形象图。《周易参同契》是丹经之祖,作者魏伯阳是东汉人,有丹经王的美称。该书朱子考异前序中引五代彭晓的话说:“魏伯阳会稽上虞人……得古人《龙虎经》,尽获妙旨,乃约《周易》撰《参同契》三篇。”明杨升庵《古文参同契序》中说:“《参同契》为丹经之祖。”又引《悟真篇》中的话说:“叔通受学魏伯阳,留为万古丹经王。”在魏伯阳之先就有《龙虎经》流传于世,后经魏伯阳的实践与发挥,《龙虎经》便…     

从“有关人类的原理”到“超自然力”

(说明:文中格林的观点代表着神学家们的企图,他从“有关人类的原则”最后引出了“超自然力”,成为其为终极问题的答案,就是要论证世间秩序与自然规律符合上帝的安排设计,而作者是针对他的论点通过反证和举例,以及假设进行了批评和质疑。)     

3～5岁儿童概念比较过程研究

本研究以两个实验探讨了儿童的一个认知过程:人优先考虑共同性,其次才是组合差异性与非组合差异性。3~5岁三个年龄组儿童分别对日常生活的基本概念进行类似性判断与差异性判断。实验1的结果表明,3岁年龄组的儿童还没有表现出组合差异性,4岁年龄组的儿童初步表现出明显的组合差异性,5岁年龄组的儿童表现出明显的组合差异性。他们首先考虑共同性,其次才是组合差异性与非组合差异性。实验2的结果表明,5岁儿童比4岁儿童更多地表现了组合差异性的判断能力。最后以结构组合的观点讨论了这些结果。