山东省某县供需双方药品使用情况研究

通过调查山东省某县三级医疗机构门诊处方的药品使用情况和调查地农民的药品知识、态度和用药行为,对药品供需双方的不合理用药实际情况进行了研究.结果显示,供需双方均存在不合理用药的情况.针对研究结果提出了加强对医生用药行为的监管、宣传不合理用药的危害性等建议.     

城市弱势群体伦理关系现状的调查分析

在当今中国社会的伦理范型由传统到现代的转型过程中,社会弱势群体的伦理观念、道德风尚的转变是一个重要方面.本文基于问卷调查和理论分析,认为目前城市中社会弱势群体的伦理关系基本延续了"传统",但伦理关系的"性质"则趋向于"现代".在此基础上,着重探讨了弱势群体与其他群体、与社会发生伦理冲突的潜在风险及其产生的原因,并提出了相应的伦理对策.     

论科技发达的今天宗教热何以可能

一、宗教热的表现现代宗教热是指始于20世纪70年代,一直延续至今的一场全球性的宗教信仰狂潮。它主要表现     

盛世的“叫魂”——《叫魂·1768年中国妖术大恐慌》评介

美国著名汉学家孔飞力(Philip A.Kuhn)教授,1984年始在中国第一历史档案馆从事研     

广告作品评价系统的心理学研究

本研究从1990年至1991年,在全国许多城市对消费者的电视和报纸广告作品的一般性评价进行了调查,分别获得了五至六个基本评价因素:可信度、吸引力、适合度、感染力、认知力和必要信息;通过控制试验,又获得了它们的相对重视度和广告作品评价的数学模型: B=∑a_k ·r_(kj)     

The social-encoding benefit in face recognition is generalized to other-race faces

Faces are visual stimuli that convey rich social information. Previous experiments found better recognition for faces that were evaluated based on their social traits than on their perceptual features during encoding. Here, we ask whether this social-encoding benefit in face recognition is also found for categories of faces that we have no previous social experience with, such as other-race faces. To answer this question, we first explored whether social and perceptual evaluations for other-race faces are consistent and valid. We then asked whether social evaluations during encoding improve recognition for other-race faces. Results show that social and perceptual evaluations of own- and other-race faces were valid. We also found high agreement in social and perceptual evaluations across individuals from different races. This indicates that evaluations of other-race faces are not random but meaningful. Furthermore, we found that social evaluations facilitated face recognition regardless of race, demonstrating a social-encoding benefit for both own- and other-race faces. Our findings highlight the role of social information in face recognition and show how it can be used to improve recognition of categories of faces that are hard to recognize due to lack of experience with them.     

Double challenges: How working from home affects dual-earner couples’ work-family experiences

Against the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic, we draw on family systems theory to elucidate how daily work-from-home status (WFH) affects both members in dual-earner couples. We propose that the WFH exerts intra-individual and inter-individual influences on employees’ and their partners’ work task and family task completion and their subsequent reactions to their work and family experiences. We examined the hypothesized relationships with two daily survey studies on dual-earner couples conducted during the pandemic (i.e., 1,559 daily responses of 165 dual-earner couples from China in Study 1, and 773 daily responses of 57 dual-earner couples from South Korea in Study 2). The two studies provide converging results that working from home (vs. office) increased employees’ family task completion for both husbands and wives and that wives working from home (vs. office) decreased husbands’ family task completion. Further, in both studies, daily work task completion increased felt guilt toward family (for wives only) through increased work-family conflict, and daily family task completion increased psychological withdrawal from work through increased family-work conflict for both husbands and wives. Moreover, we found in Study 2 that on days when husbands had flexible work schedule, wives completed more work tasks when working from home (vs. office) and that on days when wives had inflexible work arrangement, husbands completed more family tasks when working from home (vs. office). Across the two studies, there were no clear gender-difference patterns in husbands’ and wives’ work and family experiences.     

空间情境模型建立和更新的影响因素

采用混合实验设计,以含有空间信息的语篇为实验材料,选取不同视空间工作记忆广度的大学生作为被试,利用新的实验范式分离了空间情境模型的建立过程和更新过程,对这两个过程在不同时间模式下的加工特点进行分析,考察了空间情境模型建立和更新的影响因素。研究发现：（1）视空间工作记忆广度影响空间情境模型的建立,但不影响空间情境模型的更新。（2）时间模式既影响空间情境模型的建立又影响空间情境模型的更新。（3）方位对空间情境模型的建立有显著影响,对空间模型的更新没有显著影响。在空间情境模型的建立和更新过程中,前后判断的准确性不易受限时的影响,而左右判断的准确性则易受到限时的影响而显著降低,前后方位效应具有稳定性和优势性