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121.
社会救助制度的道德风险及防范 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
道德风险普遍存在于社会生活的各个领域,社会救助制度的环境决定了社会救助制度道德风险的特殊性.社会救助制度的道德风险主要体现在救助依赖、"贫困陷阱"等方面.社会救助制度道德风险的规避策略包括:构建合理的社会救助责任主体的关系;强化社会救助的激励和约束机制;降低社会救助参与各方的信息不时称程度;坚持政府责任与个体责任的统一,实现社会救助制度中个体德性与制度正义的伦理生态. 相似文献
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长期以来,学术界对民初中国灵学问题的研究主要围绕中国近代史和伪科学角度展开,在着眼于批判的基础上逐渐勾勒出其大体轮廓,为下一步研究提供了借鉴。同时,这些研究在资料发掘与史实描述、分析视角与问题意识等方面,仍有补充和转换的空间。 相似文献
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传统认识中,一般认为《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》"在其现实性上,它是一切社会关系的总和",可以作为马克思与费尔巴哈理论分野的重要标志。但是,这忽视了《巴黎手稿》中,马克思承认费尔巴哈已经表述了同样的思想。在社会理论上,马克思真正超越费尔巴哈之处,在于《提纲》第六条的"批判"和第七条的"一定的社会形式"。依托这两个概念,马克思通过分析具体的、阶段性的社会形式,追求社会形态进步的基本取向,彰显了历史唯物主义的基本思想。对这方面的重新厘清,对今日中国现实启蒙和现代化批判具有极大的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Yan hui Xiang Hao Wu Rui hong Shang Xiaomei Chao Ting ting Ren Li ling Zheng Lei Mo 《International journal of psychology》2018,53(2):92-96
Two main theories have been used to explain the arithmetic split effect: decision‐making process theory and strategy choice theory. Using the inequality paradigm, previous studies have confirmed that individuals tend to adopt a plausibility‐checking strategy and a whole‐calculation strategy to solve large and small split problems in complex addition arithmetic, respectively. This supports strategy choice theory, but it is unknown whether this theory also explains performance in solving different split problems in complex subtraction arithmetic. This study used small, intermediate and large split sizes, with each split condition being further divided into problems requiring and not requiring borrowing. The reaction times (RTs) for large and intermediate splits were significantly shorter than those for small splits, while accuracy was significantly higher for large and middle splits than for small splits, reflecting no speed–accuracy trade‐off. Further, RTs and accuracy differed significantly between the borrow and no‐borrow conditions only for small splits. This study indicates that strategy choice theory is suitable to explain the split effect in complex subtraction arithmetic. That is, individuals tend to choose the plausibility‐checking strategy or the whole‐calculation strategy according to the split size. 相似文献
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Varol?Onur?Kayhan Zheng??Chen Kimberly?A.?French Tammy?D.?Allen Kristen?Salomon Alison?Watkins 《Behavior research methods》2018,50(1):57-83
There is growing interest among organizational researchers in tapping into alternative sources of data beyond self-reports to provide a new avenue for measuring behavioral constructs. Use of alternative data sources such as wearable sensors is necessary for developing theory and enhancing organizational practice. Although wearable sensors are now commercially available, the veracity of the data they capture is largely unknown and mostly based on manufacturers’ claims. The goal of this research is to test the validity and reliability of data captured by one such wearable badge (by Humanyze) in the context of structured meetings where all individuals wear a badge for the duration of the encounter. We developed a series of studies, each targeting a specific sensor of this badge that is relevant for structured meetings, and we make specific recommendations for badge data usage based on our validation results. We have incorporated the insights from our studies on a website that researchers can use to conduct validation tests for their badges, upload their data, and assess the validity of the data. We discuss this website in the corresponding studies. 相似文献