重视人文关怀,促进检验科管理及服务水平的提高

在当前检验医学日趋呈现＂人文缺失＂的背景下,提出加强检验人员人文素质教育的必要性及紧迫性,并重点阐明以患者需求为导向,提高检验科人性化服务的具体措施。     

情感韵律在真假句子加工上的差异：来自ERPs的证据

采用事件相关电位(ERP)技术探讨语义-情感韵律的神经生理机制。六种基本情绪类型的韵律分两种条件呈现给被试,即假句子的韵律预期偏差条件和真句子的语义-韵律预期偏差条件。研究结果表明两种预期偏差是纯粹的价独立,无论情感价正性还是负性都会得出相同的ERP效应;六种情感韵律都诱发了右单侧化的ERP正波效应,而语义-情感韵律都诱发了早期双侧化分布的ERP负波效应。本研究进一步证实了情感韵律和语义-情感韵律加工的时间进程的差异性;同时,无论是有语义的真句子和无语义的假句子,情感韵律都能够提高表达的目的意图。     

今日逻辑教学国际研讨会综述

由南开大学哲学院主办,清华大学哲学系、南开大学教务处和南开大学研究生院协办的＂今日逻辑教学国际研讨会＂（Intemational Workshop on TeachingLogic Today）于2011年10月7日在南开大学隆重召开,这是在中国大陆召开的首次探讨逻辑教学和网络辅助教学的国际研讨会。来自荷兰、美国、英国、西班牙、新西兰、印度等国家的专家学者和清华大学、北京大学、浙江大学、中山大学、北京师范大学、南开大学等国内知名高校的学者共30余人出席了本次研讨会,南开大学哲学院逻辑学专业的博士生、硕士生和部分本科生参加了会议。     

工科院校大学生网络成瘾与人格特征的关系

目的了解工科院校大学生网络成瘾现状及其与人格特征的关系,为多方面理解网络成瘾及其矫治提供依据。方法采取随机抽样的方法从西安市某工科院校抽取学生共262人,用网络成瘾量表和艾森克人格量表对研究对象进行测试。结果网络成瘾检出率为41.8%;男生网络成瘾程度显著高于女生;大三、大四学生网络成瘾程度显著高于大一学生,大三学生成瘾程度显著高于大二学生和大四学生;大学生的网络成瘾程度与神经质、精神质呈显著的正相关,与掩饰性呈显著的负相关,与内外向的相关不显著。结论人格特征在一定程度上可以预测网络成瘾的程度。     

工作记忆内容对空间返回抑制的影响

工作记忆内容能够以相对自动化的方式引导视觉选择性注意。研究的目的在于考察工作记忆内容对空间返回抑制的影响。实验一要求被试在客体工作记忆保持阶段完成返回抑制任务,结果发现无论返回抑制任务目标是否与工作记忆内容匹配都出现了返回抑制效应。实验二要求被试在空间工作记忆保持阶段完成返回抑制任务,结果发现当目标落在记忆空间上时返回抑制效应消失。因此,空间返回抑制仅会受到基于空间工作记忆的视觉注意引导的影响。     

任法融会长参加山西大同纯阳宫和文昌帝君庙修复重光揭匾仪式暨开光法会

<正>10月4日,全国政协常委、中国道教协会会长任法融道长参加山西大同纯阳宫修复重光揭匾仪式暨神像开光庆典活动。应邀出席活动的还有山西省委统战部副部长、省宗教局局长边根棠,大同市市委副书记、市长耿彦波,市政协主席马福山,以及四川省道教协会、湖北省道教协会、河南省道教协会的代表。     

A short self-report measure of problems with executive function suitable for administration via the Internet

This article describes a short self-report measure of problems with executive function designed for use in Internet-mediated research. In Study 1, participants completed the online measure (Webexec) using a browser but under laboratory conditions. They also completed a paper self-report measure of executive problems (the Dysexecutive Questionnaire; DEX) and three objective tasks involving executive function: reverse digit span, semantic fluency (unconstrained), and semantic fluency (constrained). Webexec scores correlated positively with the DEX and negatively with the three executive tasks. Further evidence of construct validity came from Study 2, in which Webexec scores correlated positively with both use of cannabis and prospective memory problems reported in an online drug questionnaire. Webexec thus appears suitable for online research with normal populations.     

Remuneration differences in the emerging economies of China and India

Emerging economies by definition tend to be less dependent on expatriate skills and labour than lower-income countries, yet remuneration (pay plus benefits) differences between expatriate and local workers persist in them to some degree. According to relative deprivation theory, economic development paradoxically elevates the salience of relatively small gaps in remuneration. We therefore expected workers to report injustice and demotivation regarding relative remuneration, despite the closing of remuneration gaps between expatriate and local workers due to the economic development of recent years. To explore that possibility, 482 skilled professionals from a variety of sectors and organizations in two emerging economies, India (n = 233, response rate = 54%) and China (n = 249, response rate = 58%), participated in the research. International salaries were greater than local salaries by a factor of 2.73:1 in India and 1.90:1 in China; these mean ratios bordered on intolerable in the India sample and were largely tolerable among the sample from China. In both countries, differently remunerated workers differed in their justice cognitions and their demotivation, with lowered motivation and fewer justice cognitions in the locally salaried, local workers. These differences were however more statistically significant between people working in India than in China. Insofar as the motivational and justice gaps persisted, the findings support relative deprivation theory. Insofar as the same gaps appear to be sharper in the country with the higher-not lower-mean remuneration differential, they do not. An in-country workshop with local experts who interpreted the findings (in India), and content analysis of the participants' recommendations (in China) jointly recommended linking remuneration to (i) workplace performance instead of (ii) economy-of-origin, to help promote (iii) fairness.     

Home literacy experiences and literacy acquisition among children in Guangzhou, south China

Sénéchal's research in the West with English- and French-speaking children included positive relations of the development of literacy skills with home literacy experiences. There is a need to extend this research to other countries, especially in China where few studies have been done. This study examined relations of parental reports of formal and informal home literacy variables with Chinese children's vocabulary and written language development. Consistent with previous studies in the West, informal home literacy experiences were associated with Chinese children's vocabulary knowledge, and formal literacy experiences with reading skills. These findings fit previous research which distinguishes formal and informal literacy experiences in relation to children's performance on reading and language skills, and indicates reading to children is less effective for acquisition of print-specific skills.     

Childhood Obesity in a Chinese Family Context

This qualitative study explored themes that described families with obese children in Chinese society. Eight obese children and their families participated in the study. Six of the children were male and two were female, ranging in age from 7 to 13. The themes found were: over-involvement between allied parent and obese child, coalition, diffused boundary between extended family and nuclear family, lack of conflict resolution, and disengaged couple boundary. In this study, the significant role that may be played by the extended family in contributing to a child’s obesity, as well as female power dominance in the domestic sphere are considered. Implications for therapy are discussed.