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在胡锦涛总书记关于“八荣八耻”社会主义荣辱观的重要论述中,“以崇尚科学为荣,以愚昧无知为耻”被赫然摆在第三位。由此可见,教育和引导广大公众特别是青少年用科学战胜愚昧、以科学破除迷信、靠理智战胜盲从是多么的刻不容缓。科学是人类赖以告别茹毛饮血的蛮荒时代而走 相似文献
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经济法试题DIF的参数法检测研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
该研究基于项目反应理论的Samejima等级反应模型(GRM),在MULTILOG软件支持下,应用参数检测方法,对某年度全国性资格考试的某科目试卷中经济法部分的21个项目做了DIF检测分析。结果如下:存在性别DIF的项目一个,存在民族DIF的项目四个,存在工作性质DIF的项目一个。其中项目68在民族层面上表现为一致性DIF,项目64既存在民族DIF又存在工作性质DIF。通过对项目统计量、反应曲线的分析和专家的讨论,文章最后还分析了产生这些DIF的几个可能的原因。 相似文献
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Abstract A method of problem-orientation has been developed as a delimited psychotherapeutic procedure comprising four sessions with a psychotherapist. The distinguishing feature of this method is the distinct time frame, within which the therapist grasps the patient's current situation and difficulties. The sessions are disengaged from considerations about the need for further treatment. The therapist appeals to die reflective part of the patient and attempts to awaken their curiosity about themselves in order to explore inner associations concerning core problems. The four problem-oriented sessions are offered during the initial telephone contact to the person who wishes to gain a greater understanding of their own part in their difficulties and who is able, already in the introductory telephone conversation, to embark upon an exploratory dialogue about these problems. The sessions are strongly characterized by this short-term perspective; the intensity increases and attention is sharpened. The stance adopted by the therapist during die sessions is one of balancing a non-appraising, empathic and confirmatory listening aimed at making connections with reality and a faith in the patient's resources and capacity to maintain a sense of responsibility for their life; an approach which limits the patient's tendency to regress. Transference is not interpreted explicitly but is used by the therapist to understand the patient. Supervision is an important and essential component, whereby the therapist receives help in increasing understanding of that which is played out during the sessions and also of their own counter-transference. This understanding constitutes the foundation of the therapist's tentative formulations of that which is central in the patient's problems. 相似文献
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This study investigated whether individual differences in cognitive functions, attentional abilities in particular, were associated with individual differences in the quality of phonological representations, resulting in variability in speech perception and production. To do so, we took advantage of a tone merging phenomenon in Cantonese, and identified three groups of typically developed speakers who could differentiate the two rising tones (high and low rising) in both perception and production [+Per+Pro], only in perception [+Per–Pro], or in neither modalities [–Per–Pro]. Perception and production were reflected, respectively, by discrimination sensitivity d′ and acoustic measures of pitch offset and rise time differences. Components of event-related potential (ERP)—the mismatch negativity (MMN) and the ERPs to amplitude rise time—were taken to reflect the representations of the acoustic cues of tones. Components of attention and working memory in the auditory and visual modalities were assessed with published test batteries. The results show that individual differences in both perception and production are linked to how listeners encode and represent the acoustic cues (pitch contour and rise time) as reflected by ERPs. The present study has advanced our knowledge from previous work by integrating measures of perception, production, attention, and those reflecting quality of representation, to offer a comprehensive account for the underlying cognitive factors of individual differences in speech processing. Particularly, it is proposed that domain-general attentional switching affects the quality of perceptual representations of the acoustic cues, giving rise to individual differences in perception and production. 相似文献
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作为一位欧洲伊斯兰公共知识分子,塔里格·拉玛丹认为,从伊斯兰原则本身出发,就可获得西方穆斯林与西方社会相融合的基础和动力。西方穆斯林首先应恪守不可改变的伊斯兰基本原则,保持其宗教认同;但与此同时,他们却可以转变那些与当代世界严重脱节的文化观念和习俗,摒弃伊斯兰与西方水火不容的成见,走向与西方社会的深度融合。为此,拉玛丹进一步提出了实现融合的具体路径,这就是改革伊斯兰教育、加强文明对话和重建公民伦理。伊斯兰认同与国家认同可以同时并存,伊斯兰与西方现代性亦能达成重叠共识与和解共生,而这将为全人类的共同发展作出重要的贡献。 相似文献
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当前,"责任政府"不仅是国民心中热切的政治期待,而且也正式成为政府的政治承诺.然而,为什么目前会出现"责任政府"的提法?责任在我国是否已经构成为问题?何谓责任?责任的重要意义是什么?责任与价值观之间的内在联系是什么?建立"责任政府"的具体含义是什么?……正是在提出上述问题并希望予以合理回答的过程中,我们发现,在有关责任的问题上,我们原有的认识是远远不够的,而且更为甚者,我们已在不自觉中陷入到因误读而形成的预设性责任幻觉之中.本文并不打算探讨一般的责任理性问题,而仅想在追问责任的内涵、意义、价值观特征等方面为责任理性的恢复做些概念上的准备. 相似文献
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欧运祥 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2006,27(23)
我国医患纠纷的最终解决是通过传统的民事诉讼途径,然而,这种模式并不符合医疗案件本身的特点.从法律和道德的角度而言,我们必须对医疗诉讼的制度设计重新进行反思,并在此基础上进行变革. 相似文献