语篇主题表征在大脑两半球的存贮

使用半视野速示技术和启动—再认探测方法,采用包含两个句子的短语篇作为前行信息、通过主题启动、歧义词启动探测语段阅读时主题表征在大脑两半球的存贮情况,结果发现,无论是主题启动还是歧义词启动,左视野／右半脑和右视野／左半脑对语境相关的目标词反应时间都比不一致目标词更长,说明语段阅读后两半脑对主题表征都有存贮。     

倦怠、应激和抑郁

倦怠是“在以人为服务对象的职业领域中,个体的一种情感耗竭、人格解体和个人成就感降低的症状”。在倦怠研究的文献中,存在着严重的倦怠、应激和抑郁的概念混淆现象。文章对工作倦怠、工作应激和抑郁的联系与区别进行了详细阐述,并指明了未来的研究方向,具有重要的理论意义。     

人与情境交互作用理论述评

人与情境交互作用理论认为,人一情境系统是一个整合、复杂和动态的整体,个体是其中一个积极和有目的的部分。该理论对情境在个体功能和发展中的作用、人一情境系统发挥自身功能的原则,以及人和情境子系统的结构和过程作了详尽的分析。这些理论主张对当前心理学的理论、方法和研究策略具有深远的启示意义,但也存在难以操作化的缺点。     

积极组织学术研究--当代组织管理学中的新运动

积极组织学术研究是管理学中的一项新运动,由密歇根大学商学院倡导建立的积极组织学术研究小组发起。主张发展积极的人类优势,复苏、振兴和激发组织活力,使组织兴旺发达,使其员工迈向成功。研究者将研究重点集中于在组织环境中培养积极的要素,并在研究中构建严谨、系统的理论基础,以期实现组织、员工及研究者的共同发展。     

文本阅读过程中跨文本背景信息激活与整合研究

研究文本阅读过程中跨文本背景信息激活与整合模式。实验1探讨被试在阅读分为两个故事的每篇材料时,后面故事的信息能否通过共振激活前面故事的信息;实验2进一步验证读者是否将分为两个故事的材料作为一个文本来阅读。结果表明,被试是将分为两个故事的材料作为两个文本来阅读,并且阅读后一个故事时可以跨文本激活前一个故事的信息。本研究证实了跨文本的共振激活,深化了O’brien等人的研究。     

Religious Conservatives and Outsiders: Determinants of Cross-Racial Ties Among White Christians

This article analyzes how a congregation’s theology and denominational affiliation influence the racial ties of its white members. We posit two distinct pathways. In the first, theologically conservative congregations generate more embedded social ties (measured by number of friendships) than do non-conservative congregations, and more congregation friendships increase the likelihood of cross-racial ties. In the second pathway, congregations not affiliated with historically major denominational families report higher levels of racial diversity, and high levels of congregation racial diversity increase the likelihood of cross-racial ties. Our key methodological innovation is to divide Evangelical congregations into two categories: those affiliated with the historically major families (Baptist, Lutheran, Methodist, Presbyterian) and those not (e.g., Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist). Christian groups that join theological conservatism and outsider (non-major) status generate high levels of friendships and racial diversity in their congregations, both of which contribute to cross-racial ties among white members. Analysis of survey data from a national probability sample of white Christians (2006 Faith Matters Survey) mostly supports our hypotheses.     

Enhanced conflict-driven cognitive control by emotional arousal,not by valence

Emotion is widely agreed to have two dimensions, valence and arousal. Few studies have explored the effect of emotion on conflict adaptation by considering both of these, which could have dissociate influence. The present study aimed to fill the gap as to whether emotional valence and arousal would exert dissociable influence on conflict adaptation. In the experiments, we included positive, neutral, and negative conditions, with comparable arousal between positive and negative conditions. Both positive and negative conditions have higher arousal than neutral ones. In Experiment 1, by using a two-colour-word Flanker task, we found that conflict adaptation was enhanced in both positive and negative contexts compared to a neutral context. Furthermore, this effect still existed when controlling stimulus–response repetitions in Experiment 2, which used a four-colour-word Flanker task. The findings suggest emotional arousal enhances conflict adaptation, regardless of emotional valence. Thus, future studies should consider emotional arousal when studying the effect of emotion on conflict adaptation. Moreover, the unique role of the emotional context in conflict-driven cognitive control is emphasised.     

Does seeing an Asian face make speech sound more accented?

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics - Prior studies have reported that seeing an Asian face makes American English sound more accented. The current study investigates whether this effect is...     

情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感：情绪调节方式的中介作用

本研究的目的在于探讨青少年情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感之间的关系及情绪调节方式在其中的中介作用。采用《情绪调节自我效能感量表》、《情绪调节方式量表》和《主观幸福感量表》对1128名中学生进行测查,结果表明：(1) 情绪调节自我效能感与情绪调节方式、生活满意度、积极情感、消极情感关系紧密;(2) 情绪调节自我效能感和情绪调节方式可显著预测主观幸福感;(3) 减弱调节在情绪调节自我效能感与主观幸福感间起部分中介作用。     

连贯阅读中文本表征的意识性研究

采用独立记得-知道范式(IRK)和加工分离范式(PDP)探讨连贯阅读中文本表征的意识性问题。实验1使用独立记得-知道范式(IRK),分析被试对再认项目判断为“记得”或“知道”的比例（击中率）;实验2使用加工分离范式(PDP),分析被试在包含、排斥测验中的击中率和虚报率。总的实验结果表明,在连贯阅读中,命题表征的建构是无意识的,情境模型的建构也是无意识的,该结果支持和完善了文本阅读双加工理论。