依恋如何影响领导者内隐追随特征？性别的调节作用

本文基于联结主义模型,探讨了依恋对领导者内隐追随特征（IFTs）的影响以及性别的调节作用。采用问卷法,对323名不同行业的领导者进行调研,结果发现：（1）依恋对IFTs有显著的预测作用;（2）不同依恋类型的领导者对员工的特征偏好存在差异,安全型青睐勤奋热情的员工,焦虑型偏好从众鲁钝的员工,回避型欣赏高效执行的员工;（3）性别在依恋与IFTs的关系中起调节作用,女性领导者对员工的消极期待更容易受依恋焦虑性影响。     

儿童对汉字结构中语音线索的意识及其发展

采用纸笔测验探讨了二、四、六年级小学生读形声字的读音特点。结果表明,儿童对规则字的读音好于对不规则字和不知声旁字的读音。在对不熟悉字的读音中,儿童更多地利用汉字结构中的语音线索,更多地表现出能力差异。读音错误分析表明,随着年级的增高,儿童读音中非系统错误的比例减小,而声旁、类似错误的比例增加。     

肿瘤抗原与肿瘤免疫

通过自身的免疫系统对肿瘤细胞进行杀灭已成为极具潜力的抗肿瘤手段。肿瘤抗原与机体对肿瘤细胞的免疫之间形成了一个此消彼长的矛盾关系,研究肿瘤研究自身的免疫学特性以及肿瘤细胞的免疫原性之间相互关系的问题已成为当前研究中的热点。一方面,可利用增强肿瘤细胞的抗原性来增强机体的免疫排斥反应;另一方面,纠正机体免疫系统的功能障碍,以增强其刺激免疫应答的能力,并辨证地分析了这两方面在肿瘤免疫排斥中的作用及相应的解决对策。     

控制方法与认知方式对个别辅导型课件学习的影响

采用二因素混合实验设计对不同控制方式(程序控制、学习者控制、有建议的学习者控制)与学生认知方式(场依存型、中间型、场独立型)对个别辅导型课件学习效果的影响进行研究,结果表明个别辅导型课件的效果受不同控制方式和学生认知方式的影响,且两个因素的交互作用显著。     

父母依恋对大学生人际适应的影响

应用自编大学生父母依恋问卷、亲子联结问卷、自尊量表、信任他人量表、人际能力问卷、领悟社会支持量表对251名大学生施测,对自编依恋问卷进行构想效度分析,并建立父母依恋影响大学生人际适应的路径模型。结果表明：1）大学生父母依恋问卷构想效度良好;2）父母依恋对人际能力、社会支持感知既有显著的直接效应,又以自尊、信任他人为中介产生间接效应;3）父母依恋对大学生人际适应有显著影响,依恋的内部工作模型理论具有跨文化适应性。     

内容和形式对毒品成瘾者条件推理的影响

本研究通过比较推理内容与推理形式对毒品成瘾者推理成绩的影响,以探究影响毒品成瘾者能力成绩的主要内在机制。实验采用了2(四卡片形式vs选择项形式)×2(描述性规则vs社会契约规则)混合设计,以240名男性戒毒人员为研究对象,考察他们在不同推理内容与不同推理形式下的条件推理作业成绩。结果发现:(1)就规则内容来看,描述性规则内容在选择项形式上的得分好于四卡片形式,社会契约规则内容在两种呈现形式下的成绩没有显著差异;(2)就规则呈现形式来看,四卡片形式下的描述性规则得分显著地低于社会契约规则得分; 选择项形式下两类规则内容得分无显著差异。结果表明:毒品成瘾者的条件推理行为既受到推理内容的影响,也受到逻辑规则呈现形式的影响。     

Gender-Based Measurement Invariance of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents

The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA; Gullone and Taffe (Psychological Assessment, 24(2), 409–417, 2011)) across gender. A total of 1388 Chinese adolescents (48.1% males), ranging in age from 11 to 16 years (M = 12.9, SD = 1.09) were recruited from four Chinese middle schools and completed the ERQ-CA. The Cronbach’s α values, omega coefficients, and item-total correlations for the two subscales of the ERQ-CA indicated adequate internal consistency reliability. The results of confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed that all configural, metric, scalar, and partial strict invariance models provided acceptable fit to the data. The result of latent means analysis demonstrated statistically non-significant differences between boys and girls. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the ERQ-CA displays appropriate measurement invariance across gender for Chinese youth of ages 11 to 16.

     

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Friendship Qualities in Adolescents: Gender as a Moderator

The present study explored the gender characteristics of narcissism as well as its relationship with friendship quality dimensions (i.e., trust & support, validation, and disclosure & communication) among 485 (197 boys and 288 girls) junior high and high school adolescents in a Southwest province in China. Significant gender differences were found, such that boys were more narcissistic than girls,while girls reported higher levels of friendship qualities, including validation and disclosure & communication. To examine gender moderations in the relationships between narcissism and friendship quality dimensions, multiple-group (by boys and girls) structural equation modeling were conducted. The results revealed the significant gender moderations in the associations between narcissism and friendship quality dimensions, while controlling for adolescent grade level. Specifically, narcissism significantly and positively related to the three aspects of friendship qualities (i.e., trust & support, validation, and disclosure & communication) among boys, but was not related to friendship quality among girls. Discussions are provided for an understanding of the current findings in the Chinese cultural context.     

梁启超范式与中国逻辑史研究

逻辑学东渐,启发了梁启超的中国传统学术研究;用西方传统逻辑研究墨家逻辑形成了梁启超研究范式,并影响着中国逻辑史的百年研究。在对其研究范式的肯定与否定的争论中,形成了三种主要立场：中国形式逻辑史、中国名学与辩学史、中国符号学史。我们认为,逻辑观的问题是解决中国逻辑史界论争的关键。