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The present study examines two varieties of working memory (WM) capacity task: visual arrays (i.e., a measure of the amount of information that can be maintained in working memory) and complex span (i.e., a task that taps WM-related attentional control). Using previously collected data sets we employ confirmatory factor analysis to demonstrate that visual arrays and complex span tasks load on separate, but correlated, factors. A subsequent series of structural equation models and regression analyses demonstrate that these factors contribute both common and unique variance to the prediction of general fluid intelligence (Gf). However, while visual arrays does contribute uniquely to higher cognition, its overall correlation to Gf is largely mediated by variance associated with the complex span factor. Thus we argue that visual arrays performance is not strictly driven by a limited-capacity storage system (e.g., the focus of attention; Cowan, 2001), but may also rely on control processes such as selective attention and controlled memory search. 相似文献
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This paper begins an analysis of the real line using an inconsistency-tolerant (paraconsistent) logic. We show that basic field and compactness properties hold, by way of novel proofs that make no use of consistency-reliant inferences; some techniques from constructive analysis are used instead. While no inconsistencies are found in the algebraic operations on the real number field, prospects for other non-trivializing contradictions are left open. 相似文献
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Extensionality and Restriction in Naive Set Theory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zach Weber 《Studia Logica》2010,94(1):87-104
The naive set theory problem is to begin with a full comprehension axiom, and to find a logic strong enough to prove theorems,
but weak enough not to prove everything. This paper considers the sub-problem of expressing extensional identity and the subset
relation in paraconsistent, relevant solutions, in light of a recent proposal from Beall, Brady, Hazen, Priest and Restall
[4]. The main result is that the proposal, in the context of an independently motivated formalization of naive set theory,
leads to triviality. 相似文献
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A general class of labeled sequent calculi is investigated, and necessary and sufficient conditions are given for when such a calculus is sound and complete for a finite-valued logic if the labels are interpreted as sets of truth values (sets-as-signs). Furthermore, it is shown that any finite-valued logic can be given an axiomatization by such a labeled calculus using arbitrary "systems of signs," i.e., of sets of truth values, as labels. The number of labels needed is logarithmic in the number of truth values, and it is shown that this bound is tight. 相似文献
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Journal of Philosophical Logic - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10992-022-09665-5 相似文献
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Zach Shipstead Kenny L. Hicks Randall W. Engle 《Journal of applied research in memory and cognition》2012,1(3):185-193
Cogmed working memory training is sold as a tool for improving cognitive abilities, such as attention and reasoning. At present, this program is marketed to schools as a means of improving underperforming students’ scholastic performance, and is also available at clinical practices as a treatment for ADHD. We review research conducted with Cogmed software and highlight several concerns regarding methodology and replicability of findings. We conclude that the claims made by Cogmed are largely unsubstantiated, and recommend that future research place greater emphasis on developing theoretically motivated accounts of working memory training. 相似文献
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Zach VanderVeen 《Continental Philosophy Review》2010,43(4):467-484
This paper argues that Michel Foucault explicitly rejected the model of critique by which he is often understood—by both his
defenders and detractors. Rather than justifying norms that could be said to represent “the people;” judging institutions,
norms, and practices accordingly; and creating programs for others to enact, he theorized and practiced an experimental social
criticism in which specific intellectuals help people work through “intolerable” situations by multiplying the ways they can
think about and act upon them. As Foucault’s work with the prisons in France shows, one way intellectuals can be part of the
experimental transformations social bodies carry out upon themselves is through genealogical work describing the ways problems
have come to be identified—and can thus be transformed. This account of criticism undercuts the problem of justifying a standpoint
of critique that has plagued philosophers and suggests a few concrete means of better aligning theory and practice. 相似文献
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Hilbert's ε-calculus is based on an extension of the language of predicate logic by a term-forming operator e x . Two fundamental results about the ε-calculus, the first and second epsilon theorem, play a rôle similar to that which the cut-elimination theorem plays in sequent calculus. In particular, Herbrand's Theorem is a consequence of the epsilon theorems. The paper investigates the epsilon theorems and the complexity of the elimination procedure underlying their proof, as well as the length of Herbrand disjunctions of existential theorems obtained by this elimination procedure. 相似文献