关系网络与当代中国基层社会运动--以一个街区环保运动个案为例

20世纪90年代中期以来,中国城市基层治理体系逐渐从单位制转向社区制.随着这种转型,城市街区也爆发了越来越多针对工商企业或基层政府机构的市民维权运动.本研究旨在探索这些社区运动的动力机制.个案研究发现,较之于其他街区,有些街区的居民由于善于运用关系网络为"武器",因而在维权运动中表现更为积极,并取得更大成功.因此,关系网络是影响城市基层社会维权运动发生及其结果的重要因素.它之所以发挥这样的作用,是因为目前国家的体制结构使然一方面,中国仍旧是个威权主义国家;但另一方面,当前的行政体系又处于一种相对"分裂"状态.正是这一点使得维权市民有必要并且有可能运用关系网络促进其集体行动.在当前,中国群众维权运动本身已经开始发生结构性转化.这些以维权为目的基层社会运动不仅保护了公民权益,促进社会空间发育,而且在实际上增强了国家权威和合法性.     

儒学是人类中心主义吗?

儒学主张“以人为中心”,是指以人的问题为中心,解决人与自然的关系问题,不是以人的利益为中心,主宰、掠夺自然的人类中心主义。儒学提倡以人与自然和谐统一为特征的德性主体,不是提倡以人与自然分离、对立为特征的认识和价值主体。儒学承认自然界的内在价值,同情、尊重一切生命的生存与权利,以“万物一体”为最高追求。     

赫斯特职业评估系统的修订及地域性常模的初建

该文对美国赫斯特评估系统公司推出的《赫斯特职业评估系统》(1992年版)作了修订。修订工作自1997始,2000年结束。修订后的10项纸笔测验和8项操作测验中,有2项开发出了计算机测试软件并制作了光盘。标准化样组由江苏省13个地级市随机抽样的1320名被试组成。修订的测验结构效度较好,信度较高。     

Newborn infants' sensitivity to perceptual cues to lexical and grammatical words.

In our study newborn infants were presented with lists of lexical and grammatical words prepared from natural maternal speech. The results show that newborns are able to categorically discriminate these sets of words based on a constellation of perceptual cues that distinguish them. This general ability to detect and categorically discriminate sets of words on the basis of multiple acoustic and phonological cues may provide a perceptual base that can help older infants bootstrap into the acquisition of grammatical categories and syntactic structure.     

从中德儿童技术创造性跨文化研究结果看性别差异

研究者通过对中德儿童技术创造性跨文化研究结果的综合分析,着重讨论了在差异心理学领域一直十分受人关注的性别差异问题。结果发现,无论是中国儿童还是德国儿童,无论是超常儿童还是常态儿童,性别差异具有基本稳定的趋势,而且,在不同的方面具有不完全一致的表现形式。具体表现为：（１）在数字、图形和实用创造性思维方面,在中国和德国儿童中都没有发现创造性思维方面的性别差异;（２）在心理折叠、学习爱好、技术问题理解和     

定量运动负荷后间隔不同时间的肘关节动觉方位准确性

该研究以过去研究中发现的定量运动负荷可以显著提高肘关节动觉方位准确性为基础,试图讨论这种定量运动负荷后间隔不同时间的肘关节动觉方位准确性。     

医疗事故纠纷的本质及法律责任

医疗事故纠纷及处理的道德本质和司法原则在于对病人权利的维护。强化医务人员对病人生命与健康的医德责任感和病人权利意识,并使之成为自律、自觉的行为是预防和减少医疗事故纠纷发生的第一要素;而提高医务人员的法律意识,完善法律的制约机制,对医疗事故的防范是同样重要的。     

老年高血压降压药物的选择

随着社会进入老龄化,我国老年高血压的绝对人数逐渐上升,目前我国60岁以上人群高血压的患病率为49％,80岁以上人群高血压的患病率为90％.高血压对于老年人的危害更为严重,老年高血压患者发生靶器官损害以及相关死亡的危险性显著增高,故合理地控制老年患者的血压,对于降低病死率,改善生活质量有着重要的意义.但老年高血压有其特殊的病理生理及临床特点,要求我们在治疗药物的选择上要兼顾多方面因素,合理用药,减少副作用,降低病死率.     

医学研究生人文素质及其培养

分析医学研究生人文素质的现状,发现医学研究生存在人格缺陷、心理问题凸现、学术行为不规范、视野狭窄、创新能力不足和团队合作精神欠缺、依法行医意识薄弱等问题,从学生自身、教师、教育模式和社会环境等方面分析了造成这种状况的原因,进一步探讨医学研究生人文素质内涵.最后,提出提高医学研究生人文素质的途径.     

The impact of development of population-based study in the biomedical field on laws and regulations: a cross-strait experience on biobank development

Together with the completion of the Human Genome Project, biomedical research has marched into the "Post-Genomic Era." In order to take advantage of this extracted gene related information extensively and precisely so as to realize man's biological phenomena as well as the mechanism of pathogenesis, consequentially, a large scale sample collection of different geological areas and/or ethnic groups becomes necessary for the future population based genetic research of a country and, in turn, the construction of population-based genetic database (Biobank). In recent years, both mainland China and Taiwan have not only made great progress in information and computation technologies, but have also gradually taken a close look into the quality of medicine delivery. Thus, it becomes unavoidable for both sides to create each one's population-based genetic databases (Biobank). Theoretically speaking, the Biobank development shall benefit the study on the correlation between genes and disease and also the solution for disease treatment as well. At the same time, medical diagnostic technology has also been significantly improved. It is believable that the population-based genetic database might be utilized to promote medical quality and to reduce the cost of public health delivery. Further; in the near future, it might become the "raw materials "for medical research application. However when taking promotion of public welfare as the premises for a Biobank development, the severe and multi challenge occurred against the traditional legal rules in terms of the privacy protection, public trust development, the compliance of informed consent principle, the implementation of benefit-sharing doctrine and the possible discrimination concern about the population/participants selection and some other ELSI issues. In this paper, the major legal issues encountered by the Biobank development will first be reviewed accompanied by the background information concerning the Biobank development scenario crossing the Taiwan Strait. Also, mainly following the realm of comparative policy or legal approaches, the paper learning from the fruits of this comparative study, tries to propose some recommendations for future legislative consideration by both mainland China and Taiwan. It's been this author's wish that, when establishing a large scale population based Biobank, the promotion of public trust shall be placed as the primary goal together with the emphasis on supporting publicity and transparency on the administrative practices, so as to encourage the public participation in observing the principle of altruism and, in turn, benefit the future biomedicine development.