面部表情与捐赠者–受益者关系对网络慈善众筹捐赠行为的影响

网络慈善众筹是从在线社区获得财力捐助的行为。本研究通过3个实验,考察在线社交平台上受益者面部表情与捐赠者–受益者关系对慈善众筹捐赠行为的影响。结果发现,快乐的面部表情对捐赠金额和分享意愿的影响总体上比悲伤更大;捐赠者–受益者共有的熟人关系比陌生人关系对捐赠金额与分享意愿的影响更大;面部表情与捐赠者–受益者关系对慈善众筹的捐赠金额存在交互作用,但对分享意愿没有显著性影响。结果表明,在线社交平台的慈善众筹捐赠行为更偏好有快乐面部表情的受益者,并且更多地受到间接的、社会交换预期微弱的熟人共有关系的影响。     

ICU谵妄患者病因分析以及处理

分析急诊ICU患者出现谵妄症状的原因以及处理对策.分析总结我院急诊ICU 3年间所有患者的资料,发现20.2％的患者出现谵妄症状,原因为:(1)疾病相关；(2)药物相关；(3)监护环境等多种因素作用结果.经过调整治疗方案、加强心理护理后,需要镇静药物的仅为谵妄患者的19.7％.因此寻找谵妄原因很重要,治疗重点在于去除谵妄原因以及相关促发因素.     

Development of a social interaction questionnaire for the trainers and mothers of children with disabilities participating in Dousa-hou (Japanese psycho-rehabilitation) camps

A 12-item Social Interaction Questionnaire was developed to measure the social interactions among trainers and mothers of children with disabilities in Dousa-hou camps. Dousa-hou is a Japanese psychological rehabilitation method which is widely used for children with mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and autism in Japan and other Asian countries. The primary focus of the rehabilitation method is to improve bodily movements, posture, and social support to patients and their first-degree relatives as well as promoting social interaction among participants. Two factors of interaction, (1) educational and daily life matters and (2) health and care matters, emerged through factor analysis. Cronbach coefficient alpha of the questionnaire was .91. The back-translated version of the Social Interaction Questionnaire also yielded two factors and Cronbach coefficient alpha of .87. It was found that mothers or first degree relatives (N=138; M = 43.5 yr., SD = 12.3) of the patients reported more social interaction than trainers when interacting with their child's trainer, supervisor, other trainers, and other mothers during six-day Dousa-hou camps.     

促排卵治疗及其风险的探讨

促排卵药物在临床中的广泛应用,给不孕患者带来了希望,另一方面促排卵带来的风险也越来越引起人们的重视,如卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)、妊娠并发症、出生缺陷和肿瘤等.因此,用哲学的观点客观地看待促排卵的成效与风险之间的关系有助于临床医生进一步提高促排卵安全性的认识,做出正确的决策.     

辩证思维在缺氧缺血性脑病诊疗中的指导作用

辩证思维是最重要的科学思维之一,广泛应用于各种科学研究中。本文通过对缺氧缺血性脑病诊疗过程中的一些问题进行分析,尝试探讨辩证思维在解决该病诊疗问题过程中的一系列指导作用,以及在诊疗过程中辩证思维常用的基本原则,以便及时地诊断和治疗缺氧缺血性脑病。     

Survivin与子宫内膜癌的基因治疗的思考

子宫内膜癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤,发病机制不很清楚,早期诊断及治疗可改善预后,而目前的手术治疗方式损伤较大.Survivin是近年发现的新凋亡抑制基因,在多数恶性肿瘤组织中表达丰富,而在正常成人组织中不表达,这种表达特异性使其成为肿瘤诊断和基因治疗的新靶点.本文着重思考以Survivin为靶点的基因治疗方法在子宫内膜癌中的应用.     

生育获得脐血行干细胞移植治疗重大遗传性疾病的风险和对策

通过生育获得脐带血行干细胞移植是治疗重大疾病的一条可行之路,但在治疗遗传性疾病时,当事家庭、检测机构和医疗机构三方都存在着极大的风险,特别是当事家庭很有可能要承受精神和经济上的更大打击,而且客观上造成患病或者携带者人群的进一步扩大,成为一个不可忽视的社会问题.有必要进行充分的伦理思考后提出尽可能周全的办法,以降低各方面的风险.     

Enhanced avatar design using cognitive map-based simulation.

With the advent of the Internet era and the maturation of electronic commerce, strategic avatar design has become an important way of keeping up with market changes and customer tastes. In this study, we propose a new approach to an adaptive avatar design that uses cognitive map (CM) as a what-if simulation vehicle. The main virtue of the new design is its ability to change specific avatar design features with objective consideration of the subsequent effects upon other design features, thereby enhancing user satisfaction. Statistical analyses of focus group interview results with a group of experts majoring in avatars and CM showed that our proposed approach could be used to effectively analyze avatar design in an adaptive and practical manner when the market situation is changing.     

语言表征的神经生物学理论

神经科学家F．Pulvermüller根据Hebb的“细胞群集”学说和相关性学习原理构建的“语言表征的神经生物学理论”首次试图基于皮层功能网络来解释语音、词汇和句法在大脑皮层的表征机制,不仅能较好地描述语言活动中经典语言脑区与其它参与活动脑区的相互关系,也对语言加工的大脑功能偏侧化与整合现象作了合适的说明。本文介绍了这一理论的主要观点和研究资料,并提出了一些尚需进一步研究的问题。     

Use of Self-perspectives and their Sources to Predict the Mathematics Enrollment Intentions of Girls and Boys

An understanding of the differences in the ways in which self-efficacy and interest influence boys’ and girls’ intentions to continue enrollment in mathematics courses may provide insight into how to encourage continued mathematics enrollment for all students. Two competing theoretical models of mathematics self-efficacy and interest in predicting students’ enrollment intentions and achievement were evaluated separately across samples of middle level boys and girls. One model was empirically supported for both groups and indicated the independent influence of self-efficacy and interest in predicting enrollment intentions. Multi-group analyses revealed that self-efficacy’s influence in enrollment intentions and achievement was significantly stronger for boys than for girls, and interest was significantly more important in the prediction of enrollment intentions for girls than for boys.