Frequentist Model Averaging in Structure Equation Model With Ordinal Data

Psychometrika - In practice, it is common that a best fitting structural equation model (SEM) is selected from a set of candidate SEMs and inference is conducted conditional on the selected model....     

职业污名与离职倾向：牵连家人污名与家庭卷入的作用

职业污名对从业者的工作态度和工作行为有着重要影响。以往研究从个体职业身份的视角解释职业污名的作用, 忽略了从业者个体身份认同的多重属性。本研究基于身份边界理论, 提出职业污名会通过牵连家人污名这一机制影响从业者的离职倾向。另外, 这一机制的强弱取决于个体的家庭卷入程度。本研究通过对分属不同职业的384名从业者的3轮问卷调研发现, 家庭卷入调节了牵连家人污名在职业污名与离职倾向之间的中介作用。当个体的家庭卷入水平高时, 这一中介作用更强; 家庭卷入水平低时, 该中介作用更弱。本研究在理论上提出并检验了职业污名影响的新机制, 同时对实际管理工作提出了建议。     

Rawlsian and Confucian Distributive Justice and the Worst Off

Philosophia - In any complex human society, distinct persons may have strikingly different standards of living. Those who lead the most undesirable, poorest lives in society can be called the worst...     

中药注射剂有效性及“毒性”的物质基础分析

中药注射剂的有效性得到了临床用药的广泛验证,但带来的安全性（“毒性”）问题也引起业界和社会的广泛关注。本文通过分析中药注射剂和同处方的口服剂有效性和“毒性”的特点,认为中药注射剂的有效性来自于小分子物质,而大分子物质则是导致“毒性”的主要物质基础,进而提出从严监控中药注射剂中的大分子物质是提高中药注射剂的有效策略。     

围手术期应激性高血糖管理

由于手术应激原影响,外科大手术围术期发生应激性高血糖屡见不鲜。围手术期血糖监测与控制对临床治疗意义重大。本文概括了围手术期应激性高血糖的发病机制、主要危害,从辩证思维的角度,归纳出灵活掌握控制标准,注意“度”的原则、整体性原则及动态性原则,从而有效控制围手术期发生的应激性高血糖。     

上帝与恶的悖论——斯温伯恩神正论述评

面对上帝与恶的悖论,斯温伯恩积极回应,用逻辑有效性重释上帝的本质,用自由意志为道德的恶辩护,用有用性为自然的恶辩护。但上帝与恶的悖论本来就无法化解,斯温伯恩的努力最终归于失败。     

Age-related differences in attentional networks of alerting and executive control in young, middle-aged, and older Chinese adults

Previous studies suggest that aging is associated with impairment of attention. However, it is not known whether this represents a global attentional deficit or relates to a specific attentional network. We used the attention network test to examine three groups of younger, middle-aged, and older participants with respect to the efficiency of three anatomically defined attentional networks: alerting network, orienting network, and executive control network. Age-related change was found to have the greatest effect on the executive network and the least effect on the alerting network as well as on overall mean response time. Impairment of the orienting network was found to be insignificant. Age-related deterioration of the prefrontal lobe, the dopaminergic system, and function of specific genes may explain the age-related changes in executive attention, which occur after the fourth decade of life.     

Use of the estimated intraclass correlation for correcting differences in effect size by level

In a meta-analysis of intervention or group comparison studies, researchers often encounter the circumstance in which the standardized mean differences (d-effect sizes) are computed at multiple levels (e.g., individual vs. cluster). Cluster-level d-effect sizes may be inflated and, thus, may need to be corrected using the intraclass correlation (ICC) before being combined with individual-level d-effect sizes. The ICC value, however, is seldom reported in primary studies and, thus, may need to be computed from other sources. This article proposes a method for estimating the ICC value from the reported standard deviations within a particular meta-analysis (i.e., estimated ICC) when an appropriate default ICC value (Hedges, 2009b) is unavailable. A series of simulations provided evidence that the proposed method yields an accurate and precise estimated ICC value, which can then be used for correct estimation of a d-effect size. The effects of other pertinent factors (e.g., number of studies) were also examined, followed by discussion of related limitations and future research in this area.     

History,Current Status,and Future Prospects of Counseling in South Korea

Although the counseling profession was introduced to South Korea in the 1950s by American delegates of education, counseling has been only lately recognized as a specialized field that requires distinctive knowledge and skills. In this article, the authors describe the history and the current status of counseling in South Korea and then discuss challenges and future prospects.     

GSK-3β activity in the hippocampus is required for memory retrieval

Several molecules were recently found to be important for the memory retrieval process in the hippocampus; however, the mechanisms underlying the memory retrieval remain poorly understood. GSK-3β has been implicated in the control of synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Here, we investigated the relationship between hippocampal GSK-3β activity and memory retrieval using behavioral and Western blotting methods. We found that GSK-3β was activated in the hippocampus after a retention session in the passive avoidance task. An intrahippocampal injection of the GSK-3β inhibitor, SB 216763, before the retention session blocked memory retrieval (but not reconsolidation) without affecting locomotor activity. These results suggest that GSK-3β activation would be essential for memory retrieval in the hippocampus.