Clarifying the Role of Psychological Pain in the Risks of Suicidal Ideation and Suicidal Acts among Patients with Major Depressive Episodes

The role of psychological pain in the risk of suicide was explored using a three‐dimensional psychological pain model (pain arousal, painful feelings, pain avoidance). The sample consisted of 111 outpatients with major depressive episodes, including 28 individuals with suicidal histories. They completed the Chinese version of the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Psychache Scale, and the three‐dimensional Psychological Pain Scale (TDPPS). A structured clinical interview was conducted to assess the history of suicidal acts. Significant correlations were found among BDI, BSI, and TDPPS scores (p < .01). Stepwise regression analyses showed that only pain avoidance scores significantly predicted suicide ideation at one's worst point (β = .79, p < .001) and suicidal acts (β = .46, p < .001). Pain avoidance was also a better predictor of current suicidal ideation (β = .37, p = .001) than were BDI scores (β = .31, p < .01). Increased levels of pain avoidance during a major depressive episode may be a dominant component of the motivation for suicide. Future clinical assessments for populations at high risk of suicide should include measures of psychological pain to reduce the incidence of suicide.     

乡村工业污染中的环境抗争——东井村个案研究

民众是否对周围的工业污染进行抗争、其策略如何,是污染问题是否能得到解决的重要环节.通过实地调查,以苏北东井村村民驱赶污染工厂的抗争为案例进行研究,发现村民先以拆烟筒、砸门窗、堵水道等破坏工厂的方式与污染企业斗争,结果被羁押;在精英的带领下,村民连续四年向环保部门反映问题,继而试图通过媒体解决问题,均无结果;无奈之下村民起诉县环保局不作为,起诉化工厂要求民事赔偿至市中院、省高院,均未胜诉.虽然村民没有取得预期的结果,但对污染企业的迁移起到了重要的驱动作用.污染问题难以得到有效解决与当前中国的政绩考核机制、职能部门缺乏独立性及滞后的法律制度等因素有关.     

胡塞尔时间思想的起源——胡塞尔早期时间手稿(1893)研究

本文在仔细研读胡塞尔最早写成的一篇"时间手稿" (1893年)的基础上,力图揭示胡塞尔"内时间意识现象学"思想的起源,并在此基础上把握胡塞尔现象学得以产生的思想背景.事实上,我们认为,胡塞尔的时间思想在其现象学中占据关键性的地位.与此同时,我们也将关注心理学(尤其是美国心理学家威廉·詹姆斯的"边缘"思想)在胡塞尔创立现象学过程中的独特作用.