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111.
A nonparametric, small-sample-size test for the homogeneity of two psychometric functions against the left- and right-shift alternatives has been developed. The test is designed to determine whether it is safe to amalgamate psychometric functions obtained in different experimental sessions. The sum of the lower and upper p-values of the exact (conditional) Fisher test for several 2 × 2 contingency tables (one for each point of the psychometric function) is employed as the test statistic. The probability distribution of the statistic under the null (homogeneity) hypothesis is evaluated to obtain corresponding p-values. Power functions of the test have been computed by randomly generating samples from Weibull psychometric functions. The test is free of any assumptions about the shape of the psychometric function; it requires only that all observations are statistically independent. 相似文献
112.
Yuri Balashov 《Australasian journal of philosophy》2013,91(4):523-531
I offer a new criticism of the argument from vagueness to four-dimensionalism [Sider 2001. The argument is modelled after an older argument for mereological universalism [Lewis 1986 and may be looked upon as a tightened-up and extended version of the latter. While I agree with other critics [Koslicki 2003; Markosian 2004 that the argument from vagueness fails precisely because of this affinity, my recipe for dealing with it is different. I reject the assumption, shared by Sider with his opponents, that synchronic composition and ‘minimal diachronic fusion’ are sufficiently similar to use considerations inspired by the analysis of the former to bear on the latter. My objection to a crucial premise of the argument from vagueness turns on the relevant aspect of dissimilarity between these two cases. 相似文献
113.
We show the intimate relationship between McNaughton Theorem and the Chinese Remaindner Theorem for MV-algebras. We develop a very short and simple proof of McNaughton Theorem. The arguing is elementary and right out of the definitions. We exhibit the theorem as just an instance of the Chinese theorem. Since the variety of MV-algebras is arithmetic, the Chinese theorem holds for MV-algebras. However, to make this paper self-contained and entirely elementary, we include a simple proof of this theorem inspired in Ferraioli and Lettieri (Math Logic Q 1:27–43, 2011). 相似文献
114.
A novel lattice correspondence of B19 → B19′ transformation in Ti–Ni–Cu shape memory alloy thin film
In this study, we found a novel lattice correspondence of the B19–B19′ transformation in a Ti–Ni–Cu thin film: (1?1?1)B19′//(0?0?1)B19, [0, 1, 1]B19′//[1?0?0]B19. Near the coarse precipitate and the grain boundaries, the B19′ martensite forms with the novel lattice correspondence to product the (1?1?1) type I twinning instead of the usual (0?0?1) compound twinning. Crystallographic analyses show that the novel lattice correspondence results from the local stress concentration. 相似文献
115.
Yoshitaka Ohkubo Akihiro Taniguchi Qiu Xu Minoru Tanigaki Koichi Sato 《Philosophical Magazine Letters》2013,93(8):470-477
Room-temperature time-differential perturbed-angular-correlation (TDPAC) spectra of 140Ce arising through 140Ba-140La from 140Cs in He-doped Fe, unannealed and annealed in vacuum at various temperatures, were obtained in order to examine whether Ce (or rather, La and Ba) and He form complexes having a definite geometrical structure in Fe, as suggested by first-principles density-functional theory calculations. No clear signal of such complexes was observed in the TDPAC spectra. However, the TDPAC spectra indicate that Ce and He form complexes having a variety of geometrical structures. Comparison with reported TDPAC results on 111Cd arising from 111In in He-doped stainless steel shows that the parent atoms (La and Ba) of 140Ce trap He atoms more efficiently than In atoms do, indicating stronger bonding of He to the former atoms, while different from the present case, 111Cd (In)–He complexes form a unique geometrical structure. 相似文献
116.
Two Fe–Cu binary model alloys, Fe–0.3Cu and Fe–0.6Cu, were irradiated with fission neutrons at doses ranging from 4?×?10?6 to 0.16 dpa (displacements per atom) at ~573 K to investigate the formation of Cu precipitates and microstructural evolution. The Cu content only affected the formation of Cu precipitates and microvoids at low doses. In Fe–0.3Cu, the formation of microvoids and Cu precipitates initiated at doses of 1.2?×?10?4 and 4?×?10?5 dpa, respectively. On the other hand, the formation of microvoids started at a dose of 4?×?10?4 dpa in Fe–0.6Cu, and Cu precipitates were formed even after irradiation to 4?×?10?6 dpa. On further irradiation, the difference in the formation of Cu precipitates and microvoids was small. Microvoids grew with increasing irradiation dose up to 3?×?10?3 dpa in both alloys. Prominent aggregation of Cu atoms occurred upon irradiation from 3?×?10?3 to 1.6?×?10?2 dpa and the microvoids shrank. The Cu precipitates no longer grew, and microvoids nucleated and grew in the matrix above a dose of 1.6?×?10?2 dpa in both alloys. The present studies clearly reveal the relationships between the formation and growth of Cu precipitates and microvoids with irradiation dose. 相似文献
117.
Single Al-Pd-Re icosahedral quasicrystals with a maximum diameter of 5mm have been grown by a slow cooling method on the basis of a partial phase diagram determined in the present study. Laue X-ray and electron diffraction verified the highly ordered structure of the single icosahedral quasicrystals. The electrical resistivity rho of the single quasicrystals was measured to be 2000- 4000muOmegacm at 300K and 3000-6000muOmegacm at 2K, revealing a negative temperature dependence with a rho4.2K/rho300K value smaller than 2. 相似文献
118.
Edward H. Ip Geert Molenberghs Shyh-Huei Chen Yuri Goegebeur Paul De Boeck 《Multivariate behavioral research》2013,48(4):534-562
The problem of fitting unidimensional item response models to potentially multidimensional data has been extensively studied. The focus of this article is on response data that have a strong dimension but also contain minor nuisance dimensions. Fitting a unidimensional model to such multidimensional data is believed to result in ability estimates that represent a combination of the major and minor dimensions. We conjecture that the underlying dimension for the fitted unidimensional model, which we call the functional dimension, represents a nonlinear projection. In this article we investigate 2 issues: (a) can a proposed nonlinear projection track the functional dimension well, and (b) what are the biases in the ability estimate and the associated standard error when estimating the functional dimension? To investigate the second issue, the nonlinear projection is used as an evaluative tool. An example regarding a construct of desire for physical competency is used to illustrate the functional unidimensional approach. 相似文献
119.
Yuri B. Kirsta 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2013,69(7):459-469
The mathematical notion of information characterizing system organization as such has been developed. The information-physical principle, which characterizes an information exchange in natural hierarchical systems and has been confirmed by its numerous applications, is laid down. It is shown to be based on the ancient “matter–measure–information” concept of physical world structure and talked about in the Hermes Trismegistus's will. 相似文献
120.
The informational influence of both the vegetation and human society on climate dynamics in moderate and arid zones is revealed. The stability of the Eurasia climate during the last 2,000 years was determined by the specific structure of the Christianity-Judaism sociobiosystem. The study has also revealed the potential information-hierarchical organization of human society with a 71,874-year existence. This organization includes three world religions (Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam) as subsystems and provides both the global stability of climate processes and the conservation of evolutionary developed information-hierarchical organization of the biosphere. 相似文献