全身炎症反应综合征治疗新策略——胆碱能抗炎通路

全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS)是各种原因刺激机体产生失控的全身性炎症反应的统称,严重者可致多器官功能障碍综合征。迷走神经及其递质乙酰胆碱所构成的胆碱能抗炎通路可以有效抑制局部和全身炎症反应。本文将从胆碱能抗炎通路的作用特点分析激活胆碱能抗炎通路对全身炎症反应综合征的潜在治疗前景。     

用于项目生成的认知模型的构建与比较——以矩阵完成问题为例

项目生成是一种新的测验编制技术,它可以弥补传统测验编制技术的缺陷.使用该技术编制测验,要进行大量的前期工作,如必须要了解和归纳所编测验中项目的所有刺激特征,据此建立认知模型,再将认知模型与心理计量模型联合,构建能预测新生成项目难度的数学模型等.该研究以矩阵完成问题为例,在带约束的两参数Logistic模型的基础上,通过对构建的几个认知模型的比较,挑选合适的认知模型为矩阵完成问题的项目生成研究服务.研究结果表明,自建的认知模型能够满足矩阵问题项目生成的要求.     

白玉蟾融通三教之内丹性命思想论析

金丹派南宗第五祖白玉蟾以丹论名著于世,融通三教是其内丹性命思想的最突出特征之一。他援儒入道,摄禅融老,强调炼形以养神、明心见性以合道,究其实质是欲以道为本,融合三教思想于一炉,锻造出更为成熟圆融的内丹性命论。故其丹学呈现出圆熟、简要、通俗等特点,对后学影响深远,并对于南宗内丹学的实践与传播,以及南宗教派的发展壮大具有重要意义。     

金融监管的伦理本质与局限性

金融监管的本质是对风险进行控制,保护金融的伦理基础即信用,其基本原则是,融资活动应当遵循诚实不欺的基本伦理准则;投资活动则应当遵循谨慎从事的基本伦理准则。金融监管的局限性在于无法消除金融危机的深层原因乃至不能有效防止不断翻新的投机欺诈行为。为了更加有效地防止不道德的金融行为和避免金融危机,我们还要针对危机的深层原因采取措施,同时补之以各种非监管措施,如加强新闻舆论对资本贪婪的监督作用以及在制度设计上让金融活动的决策者自己承担起风险责任。     

The role of behavioral mind‐sets in goal‐directed activity: Conceptual underpinnings and empirical evidence

The cognitive and motor behavior that people perform in the course of pursuing a goal can induce a mind-set that persists to influence the strategy they use to attain very different goals in unrelated situations. Although the strategies governed by a mind-set are typically applied consciously and deliberately, they are performed without awareness of the reasons for their selection. Research in both social psychology and consumer behavior exemplifies the impact of mind-sets on comprehension, judgments, and decision making, thus providing evidence of the scope and diversity of their effects.     

连续统问题与Ω猜想

自从哥德尔和科恩证明了康托连续统假设相对于集合论公理系统ZFC的独立性之后,围绕着连续统问题,形式主义者和柏拉图主义者展开了持久争论。我们在本文中试图论证,武丁有关连续统假设所取得的最新进展有力地支持了柏拉图主义的立场。另一方面,我们把这些新进展看作是在哥德尔纲领下进行的工作,因此,作为一种哲学立场,柏拉图主义也推动着对集合宇宙的日益深刻的理解。     

Early Confucian Principles: the Potential Theoretic Foundation of Democracy in Modern China

The subtle and complex relation between Confucianism and modern democracy has long been a controversial issue, and it is now again becoming a topical issue in the process of political modernization in contemporary China. This paper argues that there are some quite basic early Confucian values and principles that are not only compatible with democracy, but also may become the theoretic foundation of modern democracy in China. Early Confucianism considers ‘the people's will’ as the direct representative of ‘Heaven's will’, with which it legitimizes political power. Confucian theory of ‘human nature is good’ endorses equal potential good for every man. These principles can be used in reasoning towards a system of democracy. In terms of decision-making, the Confucian ‘Doctrine of the Mean’ accords with certain democratic principles. The independent personality and committed individualism advocated by early Confucianism is a required civic merit in a democratic society. These fundamental Confucian principles, through contemporary hermeneutics, may provide a philosophic grounding for democracy and support the construction of a democratic system with a Chinese dimension. To get democracy rooted in the spirit of traditional Chinese culture will benefit the healthy and smooth development of democracy in China.     

工人阶级形成:体制内与体制外的转换

随着中国变成世界工厂,马克思意义上的工人阶级形成问题被提到了日程。本文根据实证材料,分析了工人阶级形成的两种前景,以及何种因素决定着会走向哪种前景。如果工人的行动被导向体制内,为现存体制所容纳,那么工人阶级就不会形成;如果工人的行动被导向体制外,与现存体制对立,那么工人阶级难免会形成。决定工人行动导向的是社会体制能否对工人的诉求进行合理回应,能否在回应困难的时候对现存体制进行修改,以期实现工人所期望的社会公平。鉴于目前体制的合理回应能力与动力之不足,工人阶级的形成过程已经被启动。     

尼莫地平改善高钙所致记忆障碍的脑内突触机制

海马内微量注射高钙造成小鼠记忆障碍后,观察了尼莫地平（腹腔注射）对记忆障碍的改善作用,并用透射电镜和图像分析仪对海马CA3区Gray I型突触界面结构参数进行了观测和定量分析,进一步探讨尼莫地平改善高钙所致记忆障碍的脑内突触机制。结果表明,尼莫地平确能改善高钙所致记忆障碍,并能显著逆转高钙所致的小鼠海马CA3区突触间隙宽度显著增大,PSD极显著变薄,平坦型突触显著增多,凹型和穿孔型突触显著减少等一系列突触界面结构的病理性变化。提示海马CA3区Gray I型突触界面结构参数的逆转可能是钙拮抗剂尼莫地平改善高钙所致记忆障碍的形态学基础     

综合医院抑郁症和神经症诊疗决策的思考

抑郁症和神经症是一种慢性易复发性精神疾病,发病率高,疾病负担重,多数患者都就诊于综合医院非精神专科,而目前的现状是综合医院的各科医生对此类疾病的识别率低、治疗率低,患者依从性差.结合临床提出了关于综合医院如何提高抑郁症和神经症的识别率,医生在精神疾病诊疗中应注意的问题以及如何提高患者治疗依从性等临床亟待解决的问题.