Up or Down? How Culture and Color Affect Judgments

In the Mainland China stock market, an upmarket is represented by the color red, whereas a downmarket is represented by the color green. Elsewhere, including the Chinese Hong Kong stock market, the color representations are the opposite. Three studies were conducted to examine the red‐up–green‐down effect for Mainland Chinese as well as the green‐up–red‐down effect for Hong Kong people. Study 1 showed that Mainland Chinese tended to predict greater economic growth (study 1a) and higher growth in consumption trends (study 1b) when the experimental materials were presented in red than in green, whereas Hong Kong participants exhibited the opposite tendencies. Study 2 found that Mainland Chinese implicitly associated red and green with up and down, respectively; Hong Kong people, however, implicitly associated green and red with up and down, respectively. Study 3 further indicated that Mainland Chinese were more likely to predict good outcomes when scenarios were presented in red, whereas Hong Kong participants were more likely to predict good outcomes when scenarios were presented in green. These findings suggest that culturally specific environment cues could influence human prediction and judgment. Implications for judgment generally are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

心理咨询中工作同盟的发展模式与咨询效果

为了探索工作同盟在咨询过程中的发展模式, 采用Stiles等(2004)提出的4个变化特征参数(shape-of-change parameters)对30个个案的工作同盟在咨询过程中的发展变化进行描述。聚类分析的结果显示有3类工作同盟的发展模式, 分别是线性增长、线性下降和二次增长模式。不过, 3种发展模式、4个变化特征参数及同盟的破裂?修复片段对咨询效果均没有影响。比较咨询效果不同的当事人在工作同盟发展模式上的差异, 发现同一个发展模式对于不同的个案可能有着不同的含义, 咨询师在早期对同盟关系的处理与调控对咨询效果有着重要的影响。     

The precision of velocity discrimination across spatial frequency

The precision of velocity coding for moving stimuli of different spatial frequencies was assessed by measuring velocity discrimination thresholds for a 1-c/deg grating paired with a grating whose spatial frequency ranged from 0.25 to 4 c/deg and for grating pairs of the same spatial frequency (0.25, 1, and 4 c/deg). The gratings always moved upward, with velocities ranging from 0.5 to 16 deg/sec, Velocity discrimination was as precise for stimuli that varied in spatial frequency by: ±2 octaves (0.25 vs. 1 c/deg and 4 vs. 1 c/deg) as for stimuli of the same spatial frequency, for specific ranges of velocity that depended on the spatial and, therefore, the temporal frequencies of the stimuli. Compared with a 1-c/deg grating, the perceived velocity of 4-c/deg gratings was about 1.3 times faster and that of 0.25-c/deg gratings was about 1.3 times slower. Although these perceived velocity biases imply variation of velocity-signal processing among spatial frequency channels, the discrimination results indicate that the motion-sensing system can compare signals across different spatial frequency channels to make fine velocity discrimination within appropriate temporal frequency limits.     

Prolonged subjective duration near the hands: Effects of hand proximity on temporal reproduction

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - It has been reported that human visual perception and attention are altered when the hands are nearby. Previous studies indicate that placing hands near stimuli...     

从潘菽到车文博:中国理论心理学研究的两代领路人

中国的理论心理学研究是在较为困难的条件下展开的。早先,潘菽教授力主进行心理学基本理论研究,不仅在一系列基本理论问题上提出了自己独特的见解,而且注意培养和扩大研究队伍。在潘老的带领下,车文博教授对心理学基本理论的研究做出了重要贡献,对许多重要的心理学理论问题都有精到的研究成果问世,尤其是关于无意识和精神分析理论的研究,取得了标志性的成果。车文博教授是继潘老之后的中国理论心理学研究的旗帜性人物。两代领路人为今后中国理论心理学研究开辟了发展道路,这是我们后学者的幸运,也是对大家的激励。     

临终心理的理论和研究综述

死亡是人生生老病死必经的最后历程,对临终病人心理的研究,临终护理的探索有重大意义,本文从临终病人的心理及其发展状况,以及临终心理的调适等角度出发,对国内外的临终心理研究进行回顾,并对其中的理论和研究结果做出总结性分析,并对今后研究需要注意的方向加以讨论。     

临床医学本来就是整体

医学科学的发展遵循综合-分化-再综合的客观规律,多学科整合医学模式的诞生还原了临床医学整体性的特征.中西医结合体现了不同文化包容发展的精神,是传统与现代相结合的整体整合医学的典范.基于“病证结合”研究模式的血瘀证与活血化瘀系列创新性研究成果得到国际医学的广泛认同,未来中、西医学应该更加和谐统一,共同造福人类.