克服肿瘤干细胞耐药性的策略和思路

肿瘤干细胞（cancersterncells,CSCs）是肿瘤细胞的祖细胞。已有的研究表明,肿瘤干细胞对多种化疗药物具有耐药性,是导致肿瘤治疗后复发的根源。研究针对肿瘤干细胞的治疗方法,克服肿瘤干细胞耐药性,将给肿瘤治疗模式带来全新的改变,有望彻底改善肿瘤患者的预后。     

医务人员对艾滋病人态度及其相关因素分析——以北京两所综合医院为例

为了解医务人员对艾滋病人及病毒携带者的态度,选取北京市两所三级甲等医院392名医务人员进行自填式问卷调查.结果显示,医务人员对艾滋病感染者及病人的歧视严重,同时医务人员对经性途径感染患者的歧视高于其它途径感染患者,也高于乙肝或梅毒病人.道德化评价和对于艾滋病的认识有限是产生艾滋病相关羞辱和歧视的重要原因.     

作为效应的ERP研究

晚正成分能够反映不同效价和不同唤醒度的情绪。作为后悔的一种现象,作为效应是否与晚正成分具有关联是研究关心的问题。采用运气轮博弈的范式,记录与分析被试在“做”与“不做”决策下的ERPs。研究发现,决策结果的正误显著影响了FRN、P300和LPC的波幅大小。作为类别对FRN、P300和LPC波幅的影响受到不同决策结果的影响,在决策正确的条件下,作为类别对FRN、P300和LPC波幅不产生影响,而在决策错误的条件下,作为类别对FRN、P300和LPC波幅产生了显著的影响。结果表明作为效应不仅影响了FRN、P300的波幅,同时也影响了LPC的波幅,将来研究应进一步探明晚正成分与后悔的密切关联。     

Emotional reactions to scandals: When does moral character make a difference?

A scandal can evoke public outrage when it is widely publicized and involves an individual who is perceived to have a high level of cultural representativeness. Two experiments showed that when the scandalous target's moral character was highlighted, emotional responses towards the target were least negative when the scandal was widely circulated and when the target was seen as a representative of his culture. These results suggest that when a cultural symbol is implicated in a widely‐circulated scandal, the negative emotions directed towards the scandalous individual can be alleviated when the public remains confident in his or her commitment to morality.     

初中学生心理健康状况及其影响因素

本研究对441名初中学生进行问卷调查,结果发现：1．有7．5％的初中学生存在明显的心理健康问题。2．初中学生心理健康存在性别与年级的差异。女生比男生,初三、初二学生比初一学生有更多的心理健康问题。3．日常生活压力是影响初中学生心理健康的重要因素。4．解决问题、求助两种应付方式对学生的心理健康有积极作用,而自责、幻想、忍耐、合理化等应付方式则会危害心理健康。     

目标结构与学习动机

本文概述了目标结构理论的形成及发展,并进一步论述了在教学中不同的目标结构,导致学生间不间的相互关系,从而使学生形成不同的学习动机,取得不同的学业成就。竞争目标结构激发的是能力中心的动机系统;个体化目标结构激发的是任务掌握的动机系统;合作目标结构激发的是道德中心的动机系统。由此,我们认为在当前的教学实践中应重视合作目标结构的建立。     

情绪调节灵活性对负性情绪的影响：来自经验取样的证据

情绪调节灵活性是指个体根据不断变化的情境需求灵活部署情绪调节策略的能力。本研究采用经验取样方法,通过拟合个体在日常生活事件(如,未通过考试)和突发公共卫生事件(COVID-19)中的策略使用剖面结构和情境负性程度与策略使用程度的共变关系测量个体的情绪调节灵活性水平,并探讨其对个体后续负性情绪(抑郁和焦虑)的影响。两个独立样本结果表明：单一策略使用偏好(如沉浸偏好和表达抑制偏好)的个体在负性生活事件中和疫情期间经历了更高水平的抑郁和焦虑情绪。此外,当个体随情境负性程度提高使用更多分心策略,而随情境负性程度降低使用更多认知重评策略(意味较高的情绪调节灵活性),其抑郁和焦虑情绪水平更低。以上结果共同证实了情绪调节灵活性有利于减少个体的负性情绪体验。     

Should a luxury Brand's Chatbot use emoticons? Impact on brand status

Luxury brands are increasingly adopting chatbots for online customer service. But, little is known about the role of adding design features such as emoticons on customers' luxury experience. This study fills this research gap by exploring the influence of a luxury brand chatbot's adoption of emoticons on status perception and its underlying mechanisms. Results from two experiments suggest that luxury brands might be better off not using emoticons in chatbot communications because it dampens the brand status perception due to perceived unexpectedness, which in turn decreases the perception of the appropriateness of the interaction with chatbots. However, this negative effect of luxury brand's use of emoticons in chatbot communication only exists for traditional luxury brands, not for masstige brands. This study advances the literature on AI, particularly regarding luxury brand-specific chatbot applications. It also offers insights for luxury brand managers that they should be cautious in adopting emoticons in chatbot communication given the risk of ruining the brand status, especially when the brand is a traditional luxury brand as opposed to a masstige brand.     

Looking more masculine among females: Spatial context modulates gender perception of face and biological motion

Perception of visual information highly depends on spatial context. For instance, perception of a low-level visual feature, such as orientation, can be shifted away from its surrounding context, exhibiting a simultaneous contrast effect. Although previous studies have demonstrated the adaptation aftereffect of gender, a high-level visual feature, it remains largely unknown whether gender perception can also be shaped by a simultaneously presented context. In the present study, we found that the gender perception of a central face or a point-light walker was repelled away from the gender of its surrounding faces or walkers. A norm-based opponent model of lateral inhibition, which accounts for the adaptation aftereffect of high-level features, can also excellently fit the simultaneous contrast effect. But different from the reported contextual effect of low-level features, the simultaneous contrast effect of gender cannot be observed when the centre and the surrounding stimuli are from different categories, or when the surrounding stimuli are suppressed from awareness. These findings on one hand reveal a resemblance between the simultaneous contrast effect and the adaptation aftereffect of high-level features, on the other hand highlight different biological mechanisms underlying the contextual effects of low- and high-level visual features.