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31.
汉语语词码相加效应的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验在汉语双音合成词基础上,通过词与词之间在形码、音码和义码方面的关系,实现了一个以上的码的相加,从而证实汉语语词能为语词记忆的研究提供新的途径和适合需要的语词材料。 本实验结果发现,码的相加效应主要不反映在语词记忆的获得过程上,因为多个码与单一码的汉语语词材料都具有大致相等的获得水平,但在短时记忆的自发恢复和信息从短时记忆向长时记忆转换等现象上,已开始显露码的相加效应。在信息的长时保持和提取中,码的相加效应得到明显而有力的表现。而且,随着编码维量数的增加,其相加效应的优势也随之增加.因此可以认为,码的相加效应主要影响信息的长时保持和提取,而对信息的获得影响不大。此外,作为自变量的、被编码的词的维量数似乎与自由回忆下的系列位置曲线无关。 相似文献
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33.
NEAL SCHMITT RICHARD Z. GOODING RAYMOND A. NOE MICHAEL KIRSCH 《Personnel Psychology》1984,37(3):407-422
Review and metaanalyses of published validation studies for the years 1964-1982 of Journal of Applied Psychology and Personnel Psychology were undertaken to examine the effect of (1) research design; (2) criterion used; (3) type of selection instrument used; (4) occupational group studies; and (5) predictor-criterion combination on the level of observed validity coefficients. Results indicate that concurrent validation designs produce validity coefficients roughly equivalent to those obtained in predictive validation designs and that both of these designs produce higher validity coefficients than does a predictive design which includes use of the selection instrument. Of the criteria examined, performance rating criteria generally produced lower validity coefficients than did the use of other more "objective" criteria. In comparing the validities of various types of predictors, it was found cognitive ability tests were not superior to other predictors such as assessment centers, work samples, and supervisory/peer evaluations as has been found in previous metaanalytic work. Personality measures were clearly less valid. Compared to previous validity generalization work, much unexplained variance in validity coefficients remained after corrections for differences in sample size. Finally, the studies reviewed were deficient for our purposes with respect to the data reported. Selection ratios, standard deviations, reliabilities, predictor and criterion intercorrelations were rarely and inconsistently reported. There are also many predictor-criterion relationships for which very few validation efforts have been undertaken. 相似文献
34.
Abby Z. Israels 《Psychometrika》1984,49(3):331-346
Redundancy analysis (also called principal components analysis of instrumental variables) is a technique for two sets of variables, one set being dependent of the other. Its aim is maximization of the explained variance of the dependent variables by a linear combination of the explanatory variables. The technique is generalized to qualitative variables; it then gives implicitly a simultaneous optimal scaling of the dependent, qualitative variables. Examples are taken from the Dutch Life Situation Survey 1977, using Satisfaction with Life and Happiness as dependent variables. The analysis leads to one well-being scale, defined by the explanatory variables Marital status, Schooling, Income and Activity.The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the policies of the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics. 相似文献
35.
Xin Sun Rebecca A. Marks Kehui Zhang Chi-Lin Yu Rachel L. Eggleston Nia Nickerson Tai-Li Chou Xiao-Su Hu Twila Tardif Teresa Satterfield Ioulia Kovelman 《Developmental science》2023,26(1):e13251
How do early bilingual experiences influence children's neural architecture for word processing? Dual language acquisition can yield common influences that may be shared across different bilingual groups, as well as language-specific influences stemming from a given language pairing. To investigate these effects, we examined bilingual English speakers of Chinese or Spanish, and English monolinguals, all raised in the US (N = 152, ages 5–10). Children completed an English morphological word processing task during fNIRS neuroimaging. The findings revealed both language-specific and shared bilingual effects. The language-specific effects were that Chinese and Spanish bilinguals showed principled differences in their neural organization for English lexical morphology. The common bilingual effects shared by the two groups were that in both bilingual groups, increased home language proficiency was associated with stronger left superior temporal gyrus (STG) activation when processing the English word structures that are most dissimilar from the home language. The findings inform theories of language and brain development during the key periods of neural reorganization for learning to read by illuminating experience-based plasticity in linguistically diverse learners. 相似文献
36.
Yin Dake Yu Jiangping Jin Jiangping Shen Chao Zhang Li Li Xudong Zhang Keqin Wang Haitao 《Animal cognition》2023,26(4):1423-1430
Animal Cognition - Birds have the ability to assess the risk of predation in their environment and adjust their antipredation strategies based on this risk information. However, whether nest site... 相似文献
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38.
Joan Z. Rosenblith 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1970,14(2):139-144
Drinking was studied in rats pressing a bar on a second-order schedule in which every third completion of a 1-min fixed interval was followed by food presentation. A brief flash of light signaled the completion of each fixed-interval component. The rats drank not only after the food presentations but also after presentations of the light flash alone. A high rate of steady drinking followed intervals terminated by a food presentation. Drinking that followed intervals terminated by a light flash alone was of comparable rate, but characteristically interrupted by bar pressing. When 250-mg food pellets were used instead of 45-mg pellets, both drinking and bar-pressing rates increased substantially. 相似文献
39.
Measurement of romantic love 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Z Rubin 《Journal of personality and social psychology》1970,16(2):265-273
40.
Gordon Z. Greenberg 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1969,6(5):297-301
Using the probe-signal method, frequency-response characteristics were obtained for four Os detecting signals nominally of only 1000Hz under three signal-amplitude conditions: E/No=10.0, 12.6, and 15.8. Detection of 1000-Hz signals decreased systematically with signal-amplitude decreases, but signals at 850 Hz and at 1150 Hz were detected at or near the chance level during all signal-amplitude conditions. From the detection performance data, the detectability was inferred for four probe-signal frequencies relative to that of 1000-Hz signals for each of the amplitude conditions. From the curvesofrelative detectability, hal[-detectability bandwidths were estimated. Neither the relative detectability curves nor the half-detectability bandwidths indicate any systematic change in the frequencyselectivebehavior of the auditory O across the signal amplitudes used. 相似文献