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861.
继承百家争鸣的成果并与统一王朝的时代要求相结合,汉代的盛世伦理以其独特的方式表达着对人类道德与伦理精神的理解,浸润、滋养并融会成中华民族的道德传统.董仲舒的伦理思想具有以儒为主、兼摄百家的包客精神、天人感应的天道精神、更化有为的"强勉"精神、厚德简刑的德性精神等特征.生命的物化与理精神的沦落、精神家园的失却,成为当今时代人类性的问题.中华民族重塑当代伦理精神的关键在于葆有"精神的自我",这可以从董仲舒伦理思想的内涵及建构方式获得重要的启示. 相似文献
862.
863.
以103名小学五年级的儿童为被试,考察不同归因取向的表扬对儿童遭遇失败后的影响效应。结果发现:(1)接受能力取向表扬的儿童在遭遇失败后表现出无助取向的反应模式,接受努力取向表扬的儿童表现出掌握取向的反应模式;(2)接受能力取向表扬的儿童倾向于采取防御性的失败归因策略,将失败更多地归因于测试焦虑,但其对能力因素的归因仍高于努力组和控制组,接受努力取向表扬的儿童更多地将失败归因于努力因素;(3)接受能力取向表扬的儿童表现出自我设限倾向,他们报告更多的测试焦虑,并缩短后测的做题时间和更低的后测成绩。 相似文献
864.
Integrative processing is traditionally believed to be dependent on consciousness. While earlier studies within the last decade reported many types of integration under subliminal conditions (i.e. without perceptual awareness), these findings are widely challenged recently. This review evaluates the current evidence for 10 types of subliminal integration that are widely studied: arithmetic processing, object-context integration, multi-word processing, same-different processing, multisensory integration and 5 different types of associative learning. Potential methodological issues concerning awareness measures are also taken into account. It is concluded that while there is currently no reliable evidence for subliminal integration, this does not necessarily refute ‘unconscious’ integration defined through non-subliminal (e.g. implicit) approaches. 相似文献
865.
René Olate Christopher P. Salas-Wright Michael G. Vaughn Mansoo Yu 《Deviant behavior》2015,36(4):259-275
El Salvador, as a country of the Northern Triangle, exhibits significantly higher rates of crime and delinquency than the rest of the Latin American countries (World Bank 2011). Mass media portray transnational youth gangs in marginalized communities in Central American nations, such as El Salvador, as one of the main factors responsible for the high levels of violence. Few studies have empirically studied active youth gang members and high-risk youth in these contexts. Among the studies that have accessed active youth gang members, the focus has been on problem behaviors and risk factors analyses; little is known about what variables appear to serve as protective factors for these youth. Based on a cross-sectional sample of high-risk youth and youth gang members (n = 184) between the ages of 13 and 25 living in 10 urban communities in San Salvador, this study used linear regression modeling to analyze protective factors for three outcome variables: aggression, violence, and delinquency. Results reveal that self-control and school motivation act as important protective factors across the three domains, while school behavior is a protective factor of aggression and delinquency. Implications for community-based prevention and harm reduction policies are discussed. 相似文献
866.
以1030名12~21岁学生为调查对象,通过结构方程模型探讨了青少年外部问题行为与媒介不良接触、道德推脱、移情之间的关系。结果显示:(1)青少年外部问题行为随着年龄增长而增加,且在青春中期和晚期显著高于青春早期;男女生的外部问题行为在青春早期没有明显差异,但在青春中期和晚期,男生的外部问题行为明显高于女生。(2)道德推脱在媒介不良接触与青少年外部问题行为之间起着部分中介作用,这一中介作用过程又受到移情水平的负向调节,因此道德推脱对青少年外部问题行为的影响是有调节的中介效应。 相似文献
867.
Daphne van de Bongardt Rongqin Yu Maja Deković Wim H. J. Meeus 《European Journal of Developmental Psychology》2015,12(5):497-515
The formation of romantic relationships and the engagement in sexual behaviours are considered normative and salient developmental tasks for adolescents and young adults. These developmental tasks are increasingly viewed from an ecological perspective, thus not only as individual processes, but also as strongly embedded in different social contexts, including the proximal social domains of parents, peers, and partners. This special issue brings together seven recent empirical studies on adolescents' and young adults' romantic relationships and sexuality in the context of relationships and interactions with parents, peers, and partners. In this editorial introduction, we describe two important recent changes in the theoretical perspectives on emerging romantic relationships and sexual activity: from risky behaviours to normative tasks, and from individual to contextualized processes. We then discuss recent advances in empirical research on romantic relationships and sexuality of adolescents and young adults. After that, we review the seven studies in this special issue, and discuss the contributions of these studies to the existing literature. Finally, we discuss directions for future research regarding how the interrelational perspective can be further incorporated into empirical research, and how the gap between the research fields on romantic relationships and sexuality may be bridged. 相似文献
868.
汉语书写系统中不存在明显的词边界,中文读者对于词的划分存在较大的差异。词意识和词性均是影响这一差异的因素,本研究从发展的角度来探讨这两个因素是如何作用于词边界划分的。实验分别选取三年级、五年级、八年级及高二年级学生完成词切分任务。结果发现:(1)词切分认同率随年级的升高而降低,切分出来的词单元逐渐增大;(2)词切分认同率随年级变化的趋势会因词性的不同而发生变化,助词、形容词前、连词和介词后的切分认同率与总体趋势保持一致,但形容词前、数词、量词和介词前的切分认同率并未随年级的变化而变化。结果表明,词意识对中文读者词切分的影响受到词性的调节。 相似文献
869.
David Kaber Yu Zhang Sangeun Jin Prithima Mosaly Megan Garner 《Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour》2012,15(5):600-611
Few previous studies of driver situation awareness (SA) have focused on behavior in hazard negotiation. The objective of this research was to assess the effect of hazard exposure on driver SA and interactions with age and roadway complexity. Ten young (18–25 yrs) and ten older (65–81 yrs) participants drove in a simulator under two levels of environment complexity (simple – rural vs. complex – city) with two types of hazard exposure (static vs. dynamic). Situation awareness was measured using real-time probes posed by a confederate passenger. Driving performance was assessed in terms of lane maintenance and speed control. Results revealed hazards to cause degradations in high level of driver SA and speed control or to trigger adaptation, and vulnerability to hazard type was dependent on driver age. Older drivers exhibited greater speed reduction in response to dynamic hazards; whereas, young driver maintained higher speed, as compared to normal driving, when confronted with static hazards. In addition, increased roadway environment complexity compounded decrements in performance caused by hazard exposure. These findings are applicable to modeling driver behavior and SA under hazardous conditions and may support the design of new in-vehicle assistive technologies for hazard avoidance. 相似文献
870.
中医经典历来为医家所看重,但中医经典文简义深,文字诠释和注疏中医经典的方法尚不能深刻阐释中医经典的核心内涵,因此有必要对其进行阐释方法的研究。历代医家在阐释中医经典义理过程中,逐步形成了各不相同的阐释方法。在对中医经典“以经解经”和“以论释经”两种传统阐释方法认识的基础上,通过比较,认为基于中医临床的“以病诠经”方法是中医经典保持活力的源泉,对中医经典研究具有现实的价值,并可促进中医学术与临床的发展。“以病诠经”法丰富和发展了中医经典阐释方法。
相似文献