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841.
John G. Seamon Jeffrey R. Berko Brooke Sahlin Yi-Lo Yu Jennifer M. Colker David H. Gottfried 《Memory (Hove, England)》2013,21(4):415-423
Can false memories that were suppressed at one time spontaneously recover at a later time? Fuzzy trace theory and activation-monitoring theory predict that false memories in the Deese, Roediger, and McDermott (DRM) procedure become substantially reduced as list learning progresses because participants employ a memory-editing process. It follows that if the editing process is rendered less effective, false memories should spontaneously recover. We found that after DRM lists were well learned and false recognition to critical words was substantially reduced by multiple study–test trials, those false memories spontaneously recovered when participants were either rushed or delayed on a retest. We attributed the reduction in false recognition over trials to a memory-editing process that suppresses false recognition as participants gradually learn which words were in the lists and which words, though similar, were not. Rushing or delaying the participants on a retest made it more difficult for them to edit their memory, and false memories spontaneously returned. 相似文献
842.
约半个世纪之前,在西方实践哲学领域兴起了一股名为"新亚里士多德主义"(Neo-Aristotelianism)的思潮。(参见塞尔科沃;Knight;Schnaedelbach;Volpi;Wallach)它不是一个固定的学派或组织,而是一种倾向,即"指道德与政治哲学中一条回向亚里士多德的方式来研究的方向, 相似文献
843.
844.
The authors' objective was to investigate the association between Chinese immigrant mothers' authoritative parenting and their children's socioemotional and behavioral difficulties. Participants were 136 first-generation Chinese immigrant mothers with 3–5-year-old children residing in the United States. Authoritative parenting was associated with lower socioemotional and behavioral difficulties in children as reported by preschool teachers. Further moderation analyses revealed that immigrant mothers' English proficiency moderated the association between authoritative parenting and children's difficulties. Specifically, authoritative parenting was significantly associated with fewer total difficulties only for children with mothers who reported higher English proficiency. 相似文献
845.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a training program for creative problem solving based on computer programming. The proposed program will encourage students to solve real‐life problems through a creative thinking spiral related to cognitive skills with computer programming. With the goal of enhancing digital fluency through this proposed training program, we investigated its effects. Two sets of experiments were performed in which 119 typical students and 30 younger, gifted students participated. Two synthetic creative problem solving tests, which had a high correlation with logical ability, scientific problem solving ability and divergent thinking ability, were developed to measure creative problem solving ability. We provided the treatment group with a paper‐based booklet with relevant problems developed specifically for that group. ANCOVA statistical procedures were used to analyze the pre‐ and post‐synthetic creative problem solving tests. The findings of our study are as follows: with typical students, the originality of the treatment group outperformed the control group, a result that was compatible with previous research. With gifted students, the fluency of the treatment group outperformed the control group, and overall creative problem solving ability was enhanced. Remarkably, fluency increased significantly, a notable difference from the results of prior studies. In conclusion, we inferred that, given the definition of digital fluency, if creative problem solving ability is enhanced by a training program for creative problem solving based on computer programming, digital fluency will ultimately be improved. In this paper, we discuss the result of fluency enhancement that contradicts prior research. We suggest that this training program could be a new learning environment for the students who have grown up with digital media. 相似文献
846.
Rongqin Yu Susan Branje Loes Keijsers Hans M. Koot Wim Meeus 《Journal of personality》2013,81(5):499-509
We examined the potential moderating role of Block's personality types (i.e., overcontrollers, undercontrollers, and resilients) on the longitudinal associations between adolescents’ and their best friends’ delinquency. Across three annual waves, 497 Dutch adolescents (283 boys, MAge = 13 years at Wave 1) and their best friends reported on their delinquent behaviors. Adolescents’ three personality types were obtained by latent class growth analysis on their annual reports on Big Five personality. A three‐group cross‐lagged panel analysis was performed on three waves of data. Delinquency of overcontrollers was predicted by their best friends’ delinquency, whereas delinquency of undercontrollers and resilients was not. Delinquency of undercontrollers and resilients predicted their best friends’ delinquency, but overcontrollers’ delinquency did not. These findings suggest that personality may play an important role in adolescents’ susceptibility to the influence of friends’ delinquency, as well as in youths’ ability to influence friends through their own delinquency. 相似文献
847.
The authors investigated intimate relationships and violence toward women, using group discussions and focus group techniques from a feminist group counseling perspective, with Taiwanese Presbyterian female pastors. The story of the Levite's concubine and the feminist commentary were provided to a group of Taiwanese female pastors to read at the beginning of the focus group session. The women's perspectives of their intimate relationship experiences in light of the biblical story were explored. The 6 themes related to participants' intimate relationships were generated and are discussed. 相似文献
848.
May S. H. Lee C. T. Yu Toby L. Martin Garry L. Martin 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2010,43(1):95-100
Most research on stimulus preference and reinforcer assessment involves a preference assessment that is followed by a reinforcer assessment. Typically, the most and least preferred stimuli are tested as reinforcers. In the current study, we first quantified the reinforcing efficacies of six food items and then assessed relative preference for each item. Relative preference ranking and reinforcer efficacies showed almost perfect concordance for 1 participant and partial concordance for the other. Discordance tended to occur with the weakest reinforcers. 相似文献
849.
Measures of agreement are used in a wide range of behavioral, biomedical, psychosocial, and health-care related research to
assess reliability of diagnostic test, psychometric properties of instrument, fidelity of psychosocial intervention, and accuracy
of proxy outcome. The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) is a popular measure of agreement for continuous outcomes.
In modern-day applications, data are often clustered, making inference difficult to perform using existing methods. In addition,
as longitudinal study designs become increasingly popular, missing data have become a serious issue, and the lack of methods
to systematically address this problem has hampered the progress of research in the aforementioned fields. In this paper,
we develop a novel approach to tackle the complexities involved in addressing missing data and other related issues for performing
CCC analysis within a longitudinal data setting. The approach is illustrated with both real and simulated data. 相似文献
850.
This study investigates the question of whether language background affects the perception of lexical stress in English. Thirty
native English speakers and 30 native Chinese learners of English participated in a stressed-syllable identification task
and a discrimination task involving three types of stimuli (real words/pseudowords/hums). The results show that both language
groups were able to identify and discriminate stress patterns. Lexical and segmental information affected the English and
Chinese speakers in varying degrees. English and Chinese speakers showed different response patterns to trochaic vs. iambic
stress across the three types of stimuli. An acoustic analysis revealed that two language groups used different acoustic cues
to process lexical stress. The findings suggest that the different degrees of lexical and segmental effects can be explained
by language background, which in turn supports the hypothesis that language background affects the perception of lexical stress
in English. 相似文献