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111.
Yu H Russell DM Sternad D 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2003,29(3):616-630
Variability in rhythmic movements has been interpreted as a signature of internal or peripheral noise processes. Grounded in an oscillator interpretation, this study hypothesized that period variability and drift arises from the asymmetry between target period and the limb's intrinsic dynamics. Participants synchronized to 7 target periods, swinging 1 of 3 pendulums in a continuation paradigm; 3 periods were longer, 3 shorter, and 1 identical to the preferred period. Results supported 5 predictions: Drift toward the preferred period was observed that scaled with the asymmetry. Variability was lowest for symmetry conditions and increased with the asymmetry. Variability decreased concomitant with the approach toward the preferred period. Periods exponentially approached the preferred period with positive autocorrelations up to 10 cycles. 相似文献
112.
创新和知识经济与促肝细胞生长素的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
创新是一个民族进步的灵魂,是科研工作的核心,是知识经济对知识的根本要求。促肝细胞生长素是治疗肝炎的有效药物,该药物研制成功的关键在于创新。纵观其研制过程的创新思路与实践,将有助于我们更新科研观念,增加创新意识。 相似文献
113.
兴奋性氨基酸(EAAs) 广泛分布于中枢神经系统,参与多种生理过程包括学习、记忆和伤害感受等。然而,EAAs 受体的过度兴奋却可引发一系列细胞事件,最终导致神经元的损伤与死亡。许多神经退行性疾病如早老性痴呆、癫痫和肌侧索硬化症等都与EAAs 的兴奋毒作用有关。目前的研究表明,由EAAs 受体过度兴奋所引发的细胞内钙超载是导致神经元死亡的最终途径 相似文献
114.
115.
柳芃 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2012,33(17):51-52
在利用药物包装制售假药致人损害案件中,医院清洁人员与制售假药者构成共同侵权行为,应当承担共同侵权责任.医院未尽到相应监管职责,与制售假药者构成二人以上无意思联络的按份侵权责任,应当承担相应的补充责任.同时,为了加强对受害人的救济,建议采取社会保险以及救助基金机制,补充侵权责任法的不足. 相似文献
116.
People can learn word–referent pairs over a short series of individually ambiguous situations containing multiple words and
referents (Yu & Smith, 2007, Cognition 106: 1558–1568). Cross-situational statistical learning relies on the repeated co-occurrence of words with their
intended referents, but simple co-occurrence counts cannot explain the findings. Mutual exclusivity (ME: an assumption of
one-to-one mappings) can reduce ambiguity by leveraging prior experience to restrict the number of word–referent pairings
considered but can also block learning of non-one-to-one mappings. The present study first trained learners on one-to-one
mappings with varying numbers of repetitions. In late training, a new set of word–referent pairs were introduced alongside
pretrained pairs; each pretrained pair consistently appeared with a new pair. Results indicate that (1) learners quickly infer
new pairs in late training on the basis of their knowledge of pretrained pairs, exhibiting ME; and (2) learners also adaptively
relax the ME bias and learn two-to-two mappings involving both pretrained and new words and objects. We present an associative
model that accounts for both results using competing familiarity and uncertainty biases. 相似文献
117.
Emotion processing and decision-making are integral aspects of daily life. However, our understanding of the interaction between these constructs is limited. In this review, we summarize theoretical approaches that link emotion and decision-making, and focus on research with anxious or depressed individuals to show how emotions can interfere with decision-making. We integrate the emotional framework based on valence and arousal with a Bayesian approach to decision-making in terms of probability and value processing. We discuss how studies of individuals with emotional dysfunctions provide evidence that alterations of decision-making can be viewed in terms of altered probability and value computation. We argue that the probabilistic representation of belief states in the context of partially observable Markov decision processes provides a useful approach to examine alterations in probability and value representation in individuals with anxiety and depression, and outline the broader implications of this approach. 相似文献
118.
According to previous studies, many consumers in Taiwan have experienced consecutive service failures. Despite these failures, many consumers still remain loyal to a service provider for a variety of reasons, such as money deposits, contractual agreements, associated costs, time constrains, and health concerns. We attempt to investigate the emotional reactions and expectations of consumers after they have experienced two consecutive service failures. Our findings reveal that for high‐involvement services, although customers display strong negative emotional reactions after each service failure, the reaction to the second service failure is less intensive than that to the first one. Furthermore, our findings show that as long as the products or services remain in use, customers tend to retain high levels of expectation in regard to the service provider. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
119.
Zhenhua Yu 《Dao》2012,11(1):83-100
From the perspective of world philosophy, one phenomenon of the 20th century is quite intriguing. Certain philosophers in
China as well as in the West, finding the traditional conception of epistemology too narrow-minded, argued that its scope
should be expanded. The Chinese way of expanding epistemology might be called the metaphysical approach, and the Western way
the practical approach. In this article, I will first give an outline of both approaches and then try to demonstrate that
a substantial dialogue can be created between them. By focusing on the problem of the articulation of what we know, I will
make the metaphysical approach and the practical approach engage each other and thus prove to be mutually complementary. 相似文献
120.
This study used structural equation modeling to examine longitudinal relations among physical health, personality and mood in a sample of 360 college students. Research focused on the longitudinal associations among physical health and mood and their systematic relations with the Big Five personality dimensions of Extraversion and Neuroticism. Longitudinal analyses over successive 1-month intervals revealed lagged reciprocal effects between physical health and negative affect. After controlling for the effect of negative affect, physical health influenced subsequent positive affect, but positive affect did not influence subsequent physical health. Implications of these findings for subsequent research on health, personality, and emotions are discussed. 相似文献