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161.
Al Mahrer 《Humanistic Psychologist》2013,41(1):5-10
Abstract It is theorized that affirmation of the self by another makes it possible for the self to know itself, be the author of its own discourse, genuinely listen to another, move toward another as in empathy, as well as experience having another person live within one's self. Affirmation, moreover, allows one to distinguish between the self and sources of self‐satisfaction, and take responsibility for another, thereby preventing premeditated violent acts, which it is argued, are the product of dis‐affirmations of the self. The birth of affirmation, it is postulated, derives from the gaze of the other, the domain, as Levinas stated, of concrete existence. It is here that a person is granted his or her right, simply, to be. 相似文献
162.
Rowan M. Tinlin Christopher D. Watkins Lisa L. M. Welling Lisa M. DeBruine Emad A. S. Al‐Dujaili Benedict C. Jones 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2013,104(2):235-248
Although several prominent theories of human facial attractiveness propose that some facial characteristics convey information about people's health, empirical evidence for this claim is somewhat mixed. While most previous research into this issue has focused on facial characteristics such as symmetry, averageness, and sexual dimorphism, a recent study reported that ratings of facial adiposity (i.e., perceptions of fatness in the face) were positively correlated with indices of poor physical condition in a sample of young adults (i.e., reported past health problems and measures of cardiovascular fitness). These findings are noteworthy, since they suggest that perceived adiposity is a potentially important facial cue of health that has been overlooked by much of the previous work in this area. Here, we show that ratings of young adult women's facial adiposity are (1) better predicted by their body weight than by their body shape (Studies 1 and 2), (2) correlated with a composite measure of their physical and psychological condition (Study 2), and (3) negatively correlated with their trait (i.e., average) salivary progesterone levels (Study 3). Together, these findings present further evidence that perceived facial adiposity, or a correlate thereof, conveys potentially important information about women's actual health. 相似文献
163.
Research shows that individuals feel and later perform better when given positive feedback in the context of an upright posture, as opposed to a slumped one, even if unaware that their bodily position is meant to express emotion. We sought to determine whether proprioceptive feedback from body postures operate differently for women and men. Participants received success feedback when in either an upright or slumped posture, which was covertly manipulated. Results showed that for men the effects of posture were intuitive and appropriate: receiving success feedback while upright enhanced performance self-ratings. In contrast, after adopting an upright posture, women went on after success feedback to perform more poorly and make more negative self-ratings, than after adopting a slumped posture. A number of theories are offered as potential explanations for this gender effect. 相似文献
164.
ABSTRACT: The purpose of the present study was to explore whether the so‐called “right thinking style” is related to creativity as measured by two types of creativity tests. The How Do You Think (HDYT) inventory evaluates personality and biographical information related to creativity, and the Sounds and Images is a type of divergent thinking test that assesses the originality of images elicited by abstract sounds. As a second purpose, this study permitted an analysis of the relationship between these two types of creativity measures. The two creativity measures and the Your Style of Learning and Thinking (SOLAT) test were administered to 109 undergraduates. Results indicated that the HDYT scores were positively correlated with right thinking scores on the SOLAT (r = .48) and negatively correlated with left thinking scores (r = ‐.70). Results from Sounds and Images were not as clear. Similar relationships were found when overlapping items were removed from the various measures. 相似文献
165.
Hani Tamim Fayez Hejaili Amr Jamal Huda al Shamsi Abdulla Al Sayyari 《Ethics & behavior》2013,23(1):21-32
This study sought to gauge ethical attitudes about professional boundary issues of physicians and nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Respondents scored 10 relevant boundary vignettes as to their ethical acceptability. The group as a whole proved “aware/ ethically conservative,” but with the physicians' score falling on the “less ethically conservative” part of the spectrum compared to nurses. The degree of ethicality was more related to profession than to gender, with nurses being more “ethical” than physicians. 相似文献
166.
167.
Talal Al Rubaie 《欧洲心理治疗、咨询与健康杂志》2013,15(1):31-47
The controversy surrounding the scientific nature of the case-study research method in psychotherapy is not new and can be traced to the time when Freud started publishing his works. Traditional, quantitative researchers have argued thatthe case-study method is anecdotal and non-scientific, dismissing the results and findings obtained by this method on the grounds that they lack validity and reliability.This article seeks to dispel the traditional misconceptions about case study.It conclusively argues that the case study,perceived from the postmodern perspective, is a completely legitimate research method and, moreover, better suited to a holistic, democratic psychotherapy as a discipline dealing with the understanding and change of interwoven complexities of intrapsychic and interpersonal processes that emerge and unfold within a wider socio-historical context. 相似文献
168.
Peter Al Ward 《Pacific Philosophical Quarterly》1996,77(3):163-178
In this paper, I distinguish between correspondence and deflationary conceptions of truth in terms of the modal status they attribute to the relation between a sentence and its truth conditions. And I distinguish between robust and minimalist correspondence conceptions on the basis of whether they provide a reductive analysis of the relation between a sentence and its truth conditions. I argue, contra deflationism, that a correspondence conception of truth is required in explanations of success by appealing to counterfactuals that such explanations must support. But I argue, contra Field, that nothing stronger than a minimalist correspondence conception is required. 相似文献
169.
This paper explores why people identify with social groups and what this identification signifies for their sense of self,
status in society and intergroup conflict. We describe various theories of social identity to elucidate ways in which individuals
can negotiate their different social identities, and what this means for intergroup relations. We consider the implications
for both majority and minority group members, and those from high and low status groups. We show that social identification
is an essential part of an individual’s social existence, and that such identification is inextricably related to intergroup
conflict. While overarching common identities have been hailed as a possible panacea for conflict, we demonstrate that such
identities have differential effects for minority and majority group members. There is a serious tension between the assimilationist
preference that the majority wishes for minority members to adopt, and the integrationist position that the minority group
themselves prefer. We conclude with a call to focus research efforts on how to balance the needs of the many and the few in
pluralist and unequal societies. 相似文献
170.
Matthews NL Goldberg WA Lukowski AF Osann K Abdullah MM Ly AR Thorsen K Spence MA 《Developmental science》2012,15(1):25-34
A deficit in theory of mind (ToM), or the ability to infer the mental states of others, has been implicated as one of the major characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); however, little attention has been devoted to possible differences in ToM ability within ASD. The current study examined ToM performance in children with early-onset autism and regressive autism in comparison to typically developing children. Results indicated that children in the regressive autism group performed significantly better than the early-onset autism group on the non-verbal appearance-reality task. Additionally, Fisher's exact tests indicated a pattern of lowest scores in the early-onset group and highest scores in the typically developing group, whereas the regressive autism group tended to score in between the early-onset and typically developing groups. The apparent heterogeneity in ToM performance within ASD could account for the lack of universality in ToM ability found in previous studies. 相似文献