风险社会与责任伦理

“风险社会”已经成为当今社会的重要特征,而传统的功利论、义务论、德性论等伦理学在应对社会风险问题时却存在着诸多局限。“责任伦理”在时空视域、伦理对象、核心理念等方面突破了传统伦理学的局限。树立和加强责任伦理的建构,能够积极有效地应对社会风险问题。     

詹姆士真理观中的休谟因素

与常识的和传统的符合论真理观相比,由詹姆士第一次明确阐述的实用主义真理观有着诸多不同的特点,以及体现在这些特点中的不同的哲学内涵。这些特点和内涵都是怎样产生的呢?在认识论发展的历史进程中有无其根源?该文拟通过联系休谟的经验主义,尤其是他的因果理论,来追溯实用主义真理观的认识论根源。     

Individual- and perceived contextual-level antecedents of individual technical information inquiry in organizations

The authors conducted an empirical study in research and development centers and research-oriented commercial companies in Singapore to test a model for understanding individuals' technical information inquiry behavior in organization settings. Individual-level antecedents (learning orientation, risk-taking propensity, and self-efficacy) and perceived contextual-level antecedents (management support, relationship quality, organizational norms favoring technical information inquiry, and accessibility of the information source) were theorized to affect one's evaluation of the potential benefits and costs in making technical information inquiries. The results showed that the perceived norms favoring technical information inquiry affected the willingness of individuals to make technical information inquiries through the mediating variable, expectancy value. In addition, compared with individual-level variables, perceived contextual-level variables explained slightly more variance in the willingness to make technical information inquiries. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Perceived Injustice Mediates the Relationship Between Perceived Childhood Neglect and Current Function in Patients with Chronic Pain: A Preliminary Pilot Study

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings - Cumulative evidence supports the association between perceived childhood neglect and adulthood psychological and physical health. To date,...     

航线飞行管理态度量表在中国的适用性研究

本研究的目的是验证航线飞行管理态度量表在中国文化背景下作为航线飞行安全文化测量工具的信度和效度.通过对量表的验证性因素分析,结合对驾驶行为规范性水平的实时评估,测定量表的信效度.结果表明:(1)航线飞行管理态度量表三因素结构模型具有良好的拟合效果和较高的信、效度,达到了心理计量学的标准.(2)航线飞行管理态度量表能够有效地预测驾驶行为规范性水平.研究结果确认航线飞行管理态度量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以应用于中国文化背景下的航空安全文化特征诊断.     

Jesus versus Jihad: Economic Shocks and Religious Violence in the Indonesian Republic at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century

At the turn of the twenty-first century, Indonesia was at the forefront of international attention due to its multi-dimensional conflicts from Aceh in the west to Irian Jaya in the east, which threatened to tear the nation, already stricken by economic crisis, apart. This paper seeks to critically examine the various economic, social, and political aspects of Indonesia that have led to the sectarian conflict in various parts of the archipelago, which has threatened the very integrity of the Indonesian republic.     

空间参照体系对心理旋转的影响

人类视觉系统不仅运用多重参照体系来建构客体的空间位置表征,也运用这些参照体系进行空间表征的动力转换.本研究采用实验方法,在心理旋转任务中对想象空间自我中心参照体系和客体中心参照体系的转换策略进行对比研究.实验结果表明:空间参照体系对心理旋转产生显著影响,自我中心参照体系转换易于客体中心参照体系转换,即存在心理旋转的视者优势.     

民航飞行员、飞行学员动态空间能力加工水平检测

动态空间能力是对运动客体的反应和处理.采用距离判断任务和相对到达时间判断任务探讨了民航飞行员、飞行学员和普通大学生的动态空间能力的加工水平.结果表明:在距离判断任务上,飞行员成绩好于飞行学员,飞行学员好于普通大学生;在到达时间判断任务上,飞行员成绩好于飞行学员和普通大学生,而飞行学员和普通大学生之间无差异.研究提示飞行训练可提高飞行员动态空间能力的加工水平,现有民航招飞选拔还应重视和引入同时权衡了距离和速度的时间判断测试.     

熟悉性:基于知觉还是语义流畅性加工

该文运用任务分离法和Remember/Know程序,分别以图形和汉词为材料,研究集中注意和重度分散注意条件下内隐记忆和熟悉性的关系,以揭示外显记忆中熟悉性的属性,结果发现:(1)知觉性内隐记忆在集巾注意和蕈度分散注意下差异不显著,再认中的熟悉性在这两种注意水平下差异显著;(2)概念性内隐记忆、线索回忆中的熟悉性在两种注意水平下差异均显著.据此熟悉性和知觉性内隐记忆相分离,与概念性内隐记忆未出现分离,从而可以推测外显记忆中的熟悉性主要受语义流畅性加工调节.     

Hope versus optimism in Singaporean adolescents: Contributions to depression and life satisfaction

This study explored the discriminant validity of optimism and hope in accounting for unique variance in depression and life satisfaction for 334 secondary school students from Singapore. Correlational analysis showed that optimism and hope were significantly correlated with each other. Hierarchical multiple regression findings indicated that both optimism and hope significantly predicted depression and life satisfaction even after controlling for hope and optimism, respectively. However, the incremental unique variance accounted for in depression by optimism is 6% more than that accounted for by hope in terms of R² Change values. Simultaneous multiple regression analyses using the subscale scores found that only agency, optimism, and pessimism contributed uniquely to the variance in depression and life satisfaction. Implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.