贪官缘何问鬼神

近几年来,在被查处的贪官身后大多数都有“大师”的身影。他们或因官迷心窍,求“大师”指点升官捷径;或因做了亏心事,在反腐高压下惶惶不可终日,祈求在菩萨的保佑下,逢凶化吉,逃避打击。在没有被查处的领导干部中,不信马列信鬼神的也不乏其人。有的领导干部对一些“大师”津津乐道,甚至以认识个别“大师”为荣;有的领导干部家里堂而皇之地供奉着玉帝、观世音等神灵;有的领导干部每逢上任、购车等重大事情都要问问神灵;有的领导干部甚至连出行也要算日子。领导干部求神拜佛之风凸显了当前干部教育管理监督方面的“软肋”,应引起我们高度重视…     

Treat and trick: A new way to increase false memory

This paper reports a new experimental manipulation that increased false memories 1 month after the manipulation. Mirroring the standard three‐stage misinformation paradigm (original event, misinformation, and test), subjects in the experimental group were first given a colour‐slide presentation of two stories (events), then given an accurate account (instead of misinformation) of the events in narrations, and finally tested for their memory of the original events. One month later, they underwent the standard misinformation paradigm with two new events. The comparison group was given the standard misinformation tasks at both time points. Results showed that the experimental group produced more false memories in the subsequent misinformation paradigm than did the comparison group. We focus on trust and credibility as possible mechanisms underlying this effect. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

《法苑珠林校注》补正

唐释道世撰写的《法苑珠林》,是一部重要的佛教类书,保留了极其丰富的佛教资料。中华书局2003年12月出版的由周叔迦与其弟子苏晋仁整理而成的《法苑珠林校注》,是目前《法苑珠林》最好的校注本。然因该书卷帙浩繁,有些校点可再商榷。此选取30例略加考辨,以就正于方家。     

论正确认识和处理宗教经济与经济宗教的关系

现阶段,随着我国宗教经济和经济宗教活动的日益活跃,如何正确认识和处理宗教经济和经济宗教二者的关系问题被突出地摆在党和人民的面前。依法管理宗教经济和以经济手段解决经济宗教中存在的问题是我们的必然选择。     

A Comparison of Hindsight Bias in Groups and Individuals: The Moderating Role of Plausibility

We compared the magnitude of the hindsight bias in individuals and groups with the prediction that the plausibility of an outcome would affect the magnitude of the group–individual difference. We provided groups and individuals with outcomes of scientific studies, and asked them to predict the probability of those outcomes as if they did not know the given outcomes and to report their level of surprise at the outcomes. Overall, groups were more prone to hindsight bias than were individuals, but the group–individual difference was present only when the given outcomes were relatively implausible (Study 1). Moreover, this difference was not eliminated even when participants were asked to consider alternative outcomes (Study 2). Implications are discussed.     

汉语儿童英语口语发展及口语任务的影响作用

本研究选取小学二、四、六年级共96名学生,通过自我介绍、被试主动发问、看图说话和角色扮演四种任务对其英语口语产出的流利性、精确性和复杂性进行了测查,研究结果发现:(1)流利性在自我介绍、主动发问和看图说话任务上,年级发展趋势不显著,但是在角色扮演任务上,随着年级的增长,流利性随之增加;精确性的年级发展趋势不显著;复杂性随着年级的升高而升高;(2)小学儿童的口语流利性在四个任务上从高到低为角色扮演、主动发问、自我介绍和看图说话;在对话任务上的精确性显著高于独白任务的精确性,并且看图说话任务的精确性最低;英语口语的复杂性在自我介绍任务上最高,其次是主动发问,角色扮演与看图说话任务的口语复杂性最低。     

叙事研究的方法论意义

叙事研究有着从客观主义到构成主义(constructivism)的认识论背景,叙事研究的方法分为编码主题分析和意义诠释两大类,最后重点总结了叙事研究的方法论意义。叙事研究是研究人类思想的一条可供选择的道路,而纯粹的客观的量化的研究方法去研究人类思想的某些方面并非是最好的选择。叙事研究中研究者和被试互相影响,叙事研究的平民性,叙事研究打开了研究者的思路,丰富了研究者对问题的理解。     

异种移植研究刍议

现代科学技术的发展已经并正在给人类展示一个互相矛盾的事实一方面是人类社会的巨大进步,社会生活的极大提高。核能利用、转基因作物、器官移植、动物克隆等等,无一不让人类充分享受到现代科技带来的种种利益和好处;另一方面是人类生存危机前所未有的加深。怎样理性的评判现代科技对人类的影响,摆脱其发展对社会所造成的两难困境,是一个必须解决的难题。以异种移植研究为例,探究科学技术的可持续发展道路。     

"易"论医学之道

"易"作为中国古代便形成的通俗唯物主义哲学,在指导社会及科技发展过程中,始终发挥着极其重要的作用.而历代医学先贤,无不对"易"有着深刻的理解."不知易,不足为大医"之论也始终是历代医者所遵循的至理名言.的确如此,人类社会的发展,无不体现在"变"的过程之中,传统哲学"易"的形成及发展,不仅本身是变的展示,而且对变化之道进行了精确的阐述,而祖国医学的形成及发展正是在这种理论的指导之下产生并逐步发展完善的.因而,"易"对传统医学而言,是根,是本,是原动力.     

Social exclusion influences attentional bias to social information

Using three experiments, the present study investigates the impact of social exclusion on attention. Specifically, we investigate whether social exclusion promotes attentional bias to social acceptance cues (smiling faces) or social exclusion cues (angry faces) among an Asian population. The Cyberball game was adopted to manipulate social inclusion or exclusion, and a dot‐probe task was used to measure individuals' responses to smiling or angry faces. In Experiments 1 and 2, each trial consisted of either a smiling or angry face that was paired with a neutral face. In Experiment 1, when the stimulus onset‐asynchronies (SOA) were 500 ms, the inhibition of return emerged, indirectly indicating that social exclusion promotes sensitivity to social acceptance cues. In Experiment 2, after setting the SOA to 200 ms, we found that social exclusion promotes attentional bias to smiling faces compared to neutral faces. In Experiment 3, both smiling and angry faces were shown during each trial, and we found that social exclusion promotes attentional bias to smiling faces compared to angry faces. Therefore, the present study extends our understanding of the relationship between social exclusion and attention. Overall, it appears that after social exclusion, the desire for social reconnection trumps the desire to avoid social exclusion.