Social Media as Social Capital of LGB Individuals in Hong Kong: Its Relations with Group Membership,Stigma, and Mental Well‐Being

Social media are found to facilitate social information exchange among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals who are subjected to social stigma. This study tested the protective role of LGB‐tailored social media uses and gratifications in promoting LGB group membership, which we hypothesized to reduce LGB stigma and enhance mental health among LGB individuals in Hong Kong. Based on a sample of 233 Chinese LGB individuals in Hong Kong, structural equation modeling showed evidence for our hypotheses, χ_(df=62)² = 88.20, GFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.98, NNFI = 0.98, SRMR = 0.07, RMSEA = 0.04. Community surveillance, identity expression, and emotional support on social media may promote mental health by instilling a sense of group membership and reducing stigma. Social media may build camaraderie and bolster resilience among LGB individuals that may otherwise be difficult in conservative regions.     

Observation of Cu nanometre scale clusters formed in Fe85Si2B8P4Cu1 nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy by a spherical aberration-corrected TEM/STEM

Microstructure of a nanocrystalline soft magnetic Fe₈₅Si₂B₈P₄Cu₁ alloy (NANOMET^®) was investigated by the state of the art spherical aberration-corrected TEM/STEM. Observation by TEM shows that the microstructure of NANOMET^® heat treated at 738 K for 600 s which exhibits the optimum soft magnetic properties has homogeneously distributed bcc-Fe nanocrystallites with the average grain size of 30 nm embedded in an amorphous matrix. Elemental mappings indicate that P is excluded from bcc-Fe grains and enriched outside the grains, which causes to retard the grain growth of bcc-Fe crystallites. The aberration-corrected STEM-EDS analysis with the ultrafine electron probe successfully proved that Cu atoms form nanometre scale clusters inside and/or outside the bcc-Fe nanocrystallites.     

Plastic stability of bimetals composed of Ti-based metallic glass composite and pure titanium

The plastic stability of bimetals composed of a Ti-based metallic glass composite (MGC) and a pure titanium (PT) under tension has been investigated. The results reveal that the plastic stability of the MGC/PT bimetal is strongly dependent on the thickness fraction of the MGC: when the thickness fraction of the MGC decreases to a critical value, a homogeneous plastic deformation occurs in the MGC/PT bimetals, i.e. the strain localization and necking of the MGC is effectively suppressed. This unique phenomenon is explained using the normalized strain-hardening rate, and the quantitative relationship between the normalized strain-hardening rate of the MGC/PT bimetals and the thickness fraction of the MGC is thereby established.     

关系密切程度以及思维方式和决策风格对风险偏好的影响

研究目的:探讨救援决策者与被救援者的关系密切程度以及思维方式与决策风格对风险偏好的影响。研究方法:实验一采用3(关系密切程度:高、中、低)×2(思维方式:直觉性、分析性)两因素混合实验设计,被试68名;实验二采用3(关系密切程度:高、中、低)×2(思维方式:直觉性、分析性)×2(决策风格:直觉型、分析型)三因素混合实验设计,被试93名。研究结果:(1)救援决策者与被救援者的关系密切程度越高,风险偏好越高;(2)直觉性和分析性思维方式之间的风险偏好无显著差异;(3)直觉型决策风格的风险偏好显著高于分析型;(4)关系密切程度与思维方式的交互作用显著,具体而言,采用直觉性思维方式时,关系密切程度的效应显著,关系密切程度越高,风险偏好越高;采用分析性思维方式时,关系密切程度的效应不显著。结论:直觉与风险偏好的关系更密切。面对关系亲密的被救援者,决策者采用直觉性思维方式时的风险偏好较高。     

西方哲学心智转向对心理学的影响

心智哲学是20世纪中末期西方哲学所发生的继语言(义)学转向和语用学转向之后的一次重要转向,它为心理学提供了新的元理论和方法论。(1)为心理学提供了"心智-语言-世界"新的世界观;(2)从哲学角度对人的心理进行了探讨,促进了哲学与心理学的结合并互哺;(3)促使人们对"人是什么"重新审视与理解;(4)引发了对以往心理学尤其是主流心理学的基石——身心二元论的质疑;(5)催生了第二代认知科学、活动主义、情境认知等新取向的兴起。它对心理学有很大启示:第一,人工智能、动物研究等研究是有限度的;第二,应重视身体的作用;第三,应重视人的意向性,注重隐喻分析;第四,应关注人的存在,尤其是生命的意义。     

高校教练家长式领导行为与运动员精神:有中介的调节效应

采用家长式领导行为问卷、运动价值观问卷、运动动机问卷和运动员精神问卷,对495名高校高水平运动员进行调查,以探讨教练家长式领导行为对高校高水平运动员的运动员精神的影响,及其内在的作用机制。结果表明:(1)家长式领导行为对运动员精神有显著的正向影响,运动动机在其中具有部分中介作用;(2)运动价值观在家长式领导行为与运动动机之间具有正向的调节作用,即运动价值观得分越高,这种正向关系也越强;(3)运动价值观对家长式领导行为与运动员精神关系的调节作用,是部分地通过运动动机为中介而产生。     

儿童状态社会创造性的跨文化研究:基于中美文化的比较

从中国和美国中部地区选取小学儿童236人,采用状态社会创造性开放问卷和教师领导方式结构式问卷考察了儿童状态社会创造性的文化差异及其与教师领导方式的关系。结果表明:(1)总体上,美国儿童在社会性问题解决中表现出较强的流畅性和变通性等创造性思维品质,但中国儿童表现出较强的适当性、有效性和冒险性等社会适应和人格状态;(2)状态社会创造性总体上存在着国别与年级之间的交互作用,美国的四年级儿童状态社会创造性得分显著高于五年级儿童;(3)教师领导方式的各个维度均不存在显著的预测作用。中美儿童的状态社会创造性既有相似之处又有不同之处。