工作满意度、情感承诺和工作投入对工作技能评价结果的影响

通过对从事人力资源管理工作的公务员、软件工程师、网络编辑和报纸广告销售人员四个职业的272名任职者调查数据的层次回归分析,文章发现控制了职业和人口统计学变量的影响之后,工作满意度、情感承诺和工作投入三个工作态度变量对工作技能的重要性和水平评价有显著影响。进一步对比发现,工作满意度对于技能的重要性和水平评价的影响效应较大。该研究对多个职业的分析结果拓展了人们对工作分析结果影响因素的认识,并对未来工作分析研究和实践有重要的启示作用     

承认与蔑视——霍耐特的社会批判理论评析

在诊断和批判当代晚期资本主义社会的现实问题方面,哈贝马斯的交往行为理论曾发挥了重要的作用,但由于其缺乏现实性和社会性,难以适应时代变化和解释西方社会一些新运动的产生及其承认问题的实践需求,因而日趋走向保守和无力。面对这个困境,哈贝马斯的后继者阿克塞尔·霍耐特(AxelHonneth)重新回到黑格尔的主体间性理论,并以此为基础提出“为承认而斗争”的社会道德冲突模式,力图实现批判理论的“承认理论转向”。     

通往健康之路——方舟子《科学成就健康》评介

当今社会,人们在基本生活条件得到满足、大抵衣食无忧之后,对健康的关注就越来越摆上了重要位置。尤其生活在都市里的人们,在看到     

屠龙学的诞生

朱平漫向支离益学习屠龙之技,没少下功夫:冬练三九,夏练三伏,春起五更,秋戴残月。练腾挪跳跃以与龙周旋,练刀枪剑戟以与龙相持,练长缨之舞以缚擒猛龙,练割宰之术以肢解龙体。如此众多的技法,老师当然不会白教,按一门单科收250两银子计,四科下来就是白银千两,三年下来     

The linear perspective information in ground surface representation and distance judgment

Most ground surfaces contain various types of texture gradient information that serve as depth cues for space perception. We investigated how linear perspective, a type of texture gradient information on the ground, affects judged absolute distance and eye level. Phosphorescent elements were used to display linear perspective information on the floor in an otherwise dark room. We found that observers were remarkably receptive to such information. Changing the configuration of the linear perspective information from parallel to converging resulted in relatively larger judged distances and lower judged eye levels. These findings support the proposals that (1) the visual system has a bias for representing an image of converging lines as one of parallel lines on a downward-slanting surface and (2) the convergence point of a converging-lines image represents the eye level. Finally, we found that the visual system may be less sensitive to the manipulation of compression gradient information than of linear perspective information.     

A distance judgment function based on space perception mechanisms: revisiting Gilinsky's (1951) equation

In her seminal article in Psychological Review, A. S. Gilinsky (1951) successfully described the relationship between physical distance (D) and perceived distance (d) with the equation d = DA/(A + D), where A = constant. To understand its theoretical underpinning, the authors of the current article capitalized on space perception mechanisms based on the ground surface to derive the distance equation d = Hcosalpha/sin(alpha + eta), where H is the observer's eye height, alpha is the angular declination below the horizon, and eta is the slant error in representing the ground surface. Their equation predicts that (a) perceived distance is affected by the slant error in representing the ground surface; (b) when the slant error is small, the ground-based equation takes the same form as Gilinsky's equation; and (c) the parameter A in Gilinsky's equation represents the ratio of the observer's eye height to the sine of the slant error. These predictions were empirically confirmed, thus bestowing a theoretical foundation on Gilinsky's equation.     

公共哲学的探索

The more diverse cultures and values a country perceives to be “normal” even “just”, the more it needs to search for a public philosophy. Having developed only recently, China, which is speedily progressing towards a market economy, can be considered this kind of country. This article takes Daniel Bell’s concept of modern society and public household as the basis for expatiating on some chief problems and the ways to solve them. It pays special attention to investigating the public ethic while probing public philosophy, and it argues that the public ethic is an ethic that deals with public affairs in the public realm, especially the social political realm; with respect to all people involved, it is a common ethic or an ethic with openness. It is also an ethic that appeals to public opinion and public reason, and tries to find consensus from the demands of different values. Furthermore, because it refers to fundamental public benefits, it has to be a normative ethic of universalism and of baseline holders. Translated by Su Jing from Zhexue Dongtai 哲学动态 (Philosophical Trends), 2005, (8): 3–8     

广州大学城大一大二学生颓废现象调查报告

通过对广州大学城十所高校500名大一、大二学生进行问卷调查,结果显示广州大学城大一、大二学生的颓废现象具有一定的普遍性。大学生将颓废理解为生活没有目标,无所事事,沉迷游戏、网络、电影等。大学生颓废现象主要受到学习动机、人生目标、意志等心理因素和外界因素影响,其中意志对颓废现象的影响相对较大。     

中-英双语者英语命名图片的一致性

选用中-英双语者对Snodgrass和Vanderwart的标准图片库中的224张图片进行了英语(第二语言)命名一致性研究,最后得到了131张图片的英语命名一致性百分数、概念一致性百分数及H值.建立了这些图片的英语命名一致性常模.本研究还考察了图片命名一致性与图片命名反应时和错误率的关系,结果发现,H值、命名一致性百分数及概念一致性百分数与图片命名反应时、错误率之间均呈现显著的相关,其中命名一致性百分数和概念一致性在预测图片命名反应时和错误率时起重要作用.     

记叙文中时间信息的事件边界效应

运用视知觉研究中经典的事件切割程序,探讨记叙文中时间信息的事件边界效应.结果发现记叙文中的时间信息会被读者外显地知觉为事件边界,并且,跨度长的时间信息比跨度短的时间信息更易于被知觉为事件边界.这和视知觉研究中的发现是一致的.研究在一定程度上支持了记叙文理解过程中情境模型建构的过程依赖类似于事件知觉中所发现的切割过程的观点,为知觉研究和认知研究领域提供了可供沟通的实证支持.