Douglas Gray MD  Hilary Coon PhD  Erin McGlade PhD  William B. Callor BS  Josh Byrd BS  Joseph Viskochil MEd  Amanda Bakian PhD  Deborah Yurgelun‐Todd PhD  Todd Grey MD  William M. McMahon MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2014,44(3):304-316

Suicide determination is not standardized across medical examiners, and many suspected suicides are later classified as accidental or undetermined. The present study investigated patterns between these three groups using a medical examiner database and 633 structured interviews with next of kin. There were similarities across all three classification groups, including rates of mental illness and psychiatric symptoms. Those classified suicide were more likely to be male, to have died in a violent fashion, and have a stronger family history of suicide. Chronic pain was very common across all three groups, but significantly higher in the accidental and undetermined groups.  相似文献   

    

Brian Draper MD  FRANZCP  Kairi Kõlves PhD  Diego De Leo DSc  FRANZCP  John Snowdon MD  FRANZCP 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2014,44(2):130-138

Personality traits were examined using the NEO Five‐Factor Inventory–Revised in an Australian psychological autopsy study involving 259 suicide deaths and 181 sudden death controls aged 35 years and over. Interviews included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV to determine the presence of psychiatric disorder. Personality traits of suicide deaths differed significantly from those of controls, scoring higher in the Neuroticism and Openness to Experience domains and lower on the Agreeableness and Extraversion domains. These findings varied with the presence of psychiatric disorder and by age. High Neuroticism scores were the most consistent finding in people who died by suicide, although these scores decreased in older suicides.  相似文献   

    

Donald W. Black MD  William Coryell MD  Raymond Crowe MD  Brett McCormick MA  Martha Shaw BA  Jeff Allen PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(6):700-709

We examined the relationship between suicidal ideations and attempts in 95 probands with pathological gambling (PG), 91 controls, and 1075 first‐degree relatives. The results were analyzed using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations. Thirty‐four PG probands (35.8%) and 4 controls (4.4%) had attempted suicide (OR = 12.12, p < .001); in 13 probands, the attempt occurred before PG onset. Lifetime suicidal ideations occurred in 60 PG probands (63.2%) and 12 controls (13.2%) (OR = 11.29, p < .001). Suicidality in PG probands is a marker of PG severity and is associated with greater psychiatric comorbidity. Offspring of PG probands had significantly higher rates of suicide attempts than control offspring.  相似文献   

    

Stefano Zanone Poma MD  PhD  Silvia Vicentini Psych  Francesca Siviero Psych  Antonello Grossi Psych  Emanuele Toniolo MD  Vincenzo Baldo MD  PhD  Diego De Leo MD  PhD  DSc  FRANZCP  AO 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(4):391-398

A survey about opinions on end‐of‐life issues of a population represented by 1,171 people in the waiting room of general practitioners' surgeries was conducted in a province of northern Italy. Most subjects did not consider suicide as a reasonable option even in cases of a serious and incurable disease. Moreover, subjects did not consider euthanasia as a possible option either; however, they did express an opposite attitude when considering euthanasia in a third‐person perspective. People with a personal history of suicidal behavior appear to present as a different population, overall expressing more open attitudes.  相似文献   

    

Sun Mi Kim MD  Ji Hyun Baek MD  Doug Hyun Han MD  PhD  Young Sik Lee MD  PhD  Deborah A. Yurgelun‐Todd PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2015,45(4):477-487

We determined risk factors that discriminate between suicide attempt (SA) adolescents and suicidal ideation only (SI only) adolescents using data from the 2010 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web‐based Survey (12–19 years; N = 73,238). In males, heavy alcohol use, drug use, and high perceived sadness/hopelessness showed significant effects on the presence of SA versus the presence of SI only. In females, along with these variables, low academic achievement, poor perceived health status, high perceived stress, and unhealthy coping strategy were also significantly related to the presence of SA versus SI only. Therefore, clinical interventions targeting adolescents' psychological distress are warranted to prevent suicide.  相似文献   

    

Elaine M. McMahon PhD  Paul Corcoran PhD  Helen Keeley MD  MRCPsych  Ivan J. Perry MD  PhD  Ella Arensman PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(6):634-645

Exposure to suicidal behavior of others was examined among 3,881 Irish adolescents in the Child and Adolescent Self‐harm in Europe (CASE) study. One third of the sample had been exposed to suicidal behavior, and exposed adolescents were eight times more likely to also report own self‐harm. Exposed adolescents shared many risk factors with those reporting own self‐harm. Those reporting both exposure and own self‐harm presented the most maladaptive profile on psychological, life event, and lifestyle domains, but neither anxiety nor depression distinguished this group. Exposed adolescents are burdened by a wide range of risk factors and in need of support.  相似文献   

    

Ingo W. Nader MSc  MEng  Thomas Niederkrotenthaler MD  PhD  MMSc  Anne H. E. Schild MSc  Ingrid Koller PhD  Ulrich S. Tran DSc  MSc  Nestor D. Kapusta MD  PhD  Gernot Sonneck MD  Martin Voracek DSc  DMSc  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(2):174-184

Knowledge about suicide postvention (KSPV) is an important distal outcome in the evaluation of suicide prevention programs that focus on the bereaved. However, most scales are specifically tailored to the evaluation study in question and psychometric properties are often unsatisfactory. Therefore, we developed the KSPV scale. Scale properties were investigated with Rasch trees, a newly developed method in the framework of item response theory. Additionally, we provide cues for convergent validity. In summary, the scale shows satisfactory properties for assessing KSPV and could be used to evaluate suicide postvention programs more effectively.  相似文献   

    

Hong Jin Jeon MD  PhD  Jin Pyo Hong MD  PhD  Maurizio Fava MD  David Mischoulon MD  PhD  Maren Nyer PhD  Aya Inamori BA  Jee Hoon Sohn MD  Sujeong Seong MD  Maeng Je Cho MD  PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(6):598-610

Although previous studies have shown that childhood parental death influences suicide attempts of their offspring, few studies have examined influence of gender and age at exposure. Koreans show the third highest suicide rate in the world, and many children and adolescents lost their parents during and after the Korean War. A total of 12,532 adults, randomly selected through a one‐person‐per‐household method, completed the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and questionnaire for suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt (response rate 80.2%). A total of 2,332 subjects experienced biological parental death in childhood (18.6%). Male suicide attempts were associated with age of exposure to maternal death from 0 to 4 years (adjusted OR = 4.48, 95% CI 1.32–15.18) and from 5 to 9 years (adjusted OR = 5.52, 95% CI 1.97–16.46), but not with paternal death, after adjusting for age, education years, marital status, monthly income, and psychiatric comorbidities. Female suicide attempts were associated with paternal death from 5 to 9 years (adjusted OR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.13–4.27), but not with maternal death. Childhood parental death is significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempt in the opposite‐gender offspring, especially when exposure occurs before age 10.  相似文献   

    

Collin L. Davidson PhD  Kimberly A. Babson PhD  Marcel O. Bonn‐Miller PhD  Tasha Souter MD  Steven Vannoy PhD  MPH 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(3):279-289

Suicide has a large public health impact. Although effective interventions exist, the many people at risk for suicide cannot access these interventions. Exercise interventions hold promise in terms of reducing suicide because of their ease of implementation. While exercise reduces depression, and reductions in depressive symptoms are linked to reduced suicidal ideation, no studies have directly linked exercise and suicide risk. The current study examined this association, including potential mediators (i.e., sleep disturbance, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and depression), in a sample of Veterans. SEM analyses revealed that exercise was directly and indirectly associated with suicide risk. Additionally, exercise was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and better sleep patterns, each of which was, in turn, related to lower suicide risk.  相似文献   

    

Jaimie L. Gradus DSc  MPH  Jillian C. Shipherd PhD  Michael K. Suvak PhD  Hannah L. Giasson BA  Matthew Miller MD  ScD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2013,43(1):39-49

Suicidal behavior among military personnel is of paramount public health importance because of the increased risk of death from suicide in this population. Pre‐ and post‐Marine recruit training risk factors for suicide attempts among current and former Marines were examined in 10 years following recruit training. The characteristics of the subsample of current and former Marines who died by suicide during this time are also described. Stressful and traumatic life events (e.g., childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, sexual harassment during recruit training) and pre‐recruit training suicide attempts emerged as having strong associations with post‐recruit training attempts. Half of those who died by suicide in the 10 years following recruit training endorsed at least one significant life stressor prior to joining the Marines. This study highlights the importance of screening for stressful and potentially traumatic experiences occurring both before and during military service as part of a comprehensive suicide risk assessment in military samples.  相似文献