Incidence of depression related to isotretinoin treatment in 100 acne vulgaris patients

The incidence of depression in acne patients using isotretinoin was assessed in 100 patients with moderate and nodulocystic acne. All patients received 0.75-1.00 mg/kg/day of isotretinoin for 20-28 weeks after acne was assessed. All patients' acne lesions were improved at the end of the treatment period. Psychological state was evaluated at baseline, at Month 3, and Month 6 by a psychiatrist using a Turkish version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Only one patient's score increased to the clinical level of depression at Month 3 of treatment and declined to subclinical levels at Month 6. Although Hamilton scores increased at Month 3 over baseline scores, except for one patient, others' scores remained below the subclinical level for depression. At the end of Month 6, the mean score decreased below that at Month 3. These changes in means might be related to the onset of clinical effect of isotretinoin.     

国外自杀评估方法的研究进展

回顾与总结了国外近十年来自杀心理学中自杀危险因素的研究进展,并在此基础上评述性的介绍了国外自杀危险性评估方法的研究概况.重点介绍了自杀评估方法中的危险因素一保护因素核查法、七方面甄选法这两种针对群体的自杀危险性筛查方法;自杀状况表格评估法、四阶段过程评估法、自杀事件的编年体评估法这三种针对个体的自杀危险性进行细致评估的方法.最后做了简要评论,并结合现状提出了一些对我国自杀评估研究领域的启示.     

中国股市边缘化趋势的伦理分析——诚信监管是恢复市场信心的原动力

2002年以来,我国经济保持快速增长的势头,但股指却逐级下滑,股市与宏观经济出现完全"背离"的走势,股票市场的筹资功能、投资功能及优化资源配置功能在逐渐弱化。中国股市边缘化趋势明显。其根本原因在于广大投资者对股市监管当局信心和信任的丧失。股票市场作为我国社会主义市场经济体系的重要组成部分,对我国的经济发展起着至关重要的作用。我们应坚持以科学发展观为指导,以实现国家和人民群众的利益为最高价值追求,推进和实施诚信监管,提高监管公信力,恢复市场信心,实现股票市场的健康稳定和有序发展。     

从加涅的学生素质观看素质教育

本文吸取了美国著名的的教育心理学家罗伯特．加涅在其新修 订的》教学设计原理》（１９９２年第四版）中有关学生素质的成分和组织的观点,分析了我国素质教育中的学生素持的构成成分。     

Asian American college students as model minorities: an examination of their overall competence

Educational success among Asian Americans has led to their being labeled the "model minority." At the University of California, Berkeley (UCB), Asian American students have higher grade point averages (GPAs) than Hispanic and African American but not White students, supporting the notion that Asian Americans are more successful compared with other racial minorities. However, success in the classroom does not implicate effective functioning in life, and nonacademic criteria ought to be considered in assessing the validity of the model minority image. Given the increasing diversification of the United States, cross-racial engagement may be an additional contributor to overall competence. This was empirically tested in a group of 642 undergraduates at UCB, including 291 Asian, 197 White, 20 African American, 67 Hispanic, and 56 multiracial students. Overall competence was operationalized by sense of coherence, that is, the extent to which the world is experienced as comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful (A. Antonovsky, 1979, 1987). As predicted, Asian Americans had significantly fewer numbers of cross-racial groups represented in their friendship network than did students of all other races. Lower cross-racial engagement and being Asian (as compared with White) were related to a lower sense of coherence, whereas lower GPA was not. Within the Asian American subsample, cross-racial engagement was again significantly associated with greater coherence, whereas GPA again was not. Thus, extending the definition of success to overall competence, these findings raise questions about the applicability of the model minority label to Asian Americans, despite their academic achievement. Future studies need to assess the reasons for their limited cross-racial engagement and lower sense of coherence and to examine means to assist the development of these strengths.     

右美托咪定在全身麻醉中的应用

介绍右美托咪定在全身麻醉各个阶段中的应用.通过归纳总结近年来国内外相关文献,分别从麻醉诱导、麻醉维持、麻醉苏醒期三个阶段来阐述右美托咪定的不同作用.结果右美托咪定具有剂量依赖性的镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑、抗涎、交感神经抑制、对呼吸影响小、保护脏器等作用.右美托咪定优点多,副作用少,是全身麻醉的理想辅助用药.     

表达形式影响自我积极偏向的表现:来自P200的证据

该研究运用事件相关电位技术,采用肯定和否定的表达方式呈现自我参照任务,探讨不同表达方式对自我积极偏向效应的影响。实验一中,行为数据显示,自我积极偏向效应表现的并不完整;ERP数据显示,P200波幅的结果与行为数据结果相一致。实验二中,行为数据显示,自我积极偏向效应表现得完整;ERP数据显示,P200成分上并未产生任何实验效应。综合两个实验结果,证明了不同表达方式对自我积极偏向效应的表现存在影响。导致这种差异的根本原因可能在于两种表达方式造成的注意资源不同。     

老年中国人自我记忆效应的研究

本研究用带R／K判断的再认范式考察了60岁和70岁两个年龄段的老年中国人的自我记忆效应,结果发现：老年人的记忆仍表现有自我参照效应,但60岁以上的老年中国被试中没有出现母亲参照加工的优势效应;60岁左右的老年人在自我参照加工、参照母亲加工、参照周恩来加工以及语义加工这四项任务中的再认成绩及R判断值都显著高于70岁的老年人,两组被试在K值上没有显著差异;老年人记忆成绩的下降主要体现在情景记忆中,语义记忆能力相对来说下降速度较慢。     

文化模式及其对心理与行为的影响

文化可分为集体主义文化和个体主义文化两种模式。集体主义文化培育出集体中心的人格倾向,个体主义文化培育出个体中心的人格倾向。这两种人格倾向具有不同的自我概念,并进而对认知、学习、情绪和动机等产生影响。由此得出的结论是：心理学的研究成果具有文化的局限性,没有所谓的“放之四海而皆准”的心理和行为定律。     

内隐社会认知视野中的攻击性

本文从内隐社会认知的角度对人类的攻击性进行了探讨,认为人类的攻击性更具内隐性,对人们的影响是以一种自动化的方式进行的,而且认为欲求对攻击性进行量化研究最佳方式是间接测量。本文还对研究攻击性的内隐社会认知方法进行了简单介绍,并指出了从内隐社会认知角度研究攻击性的重要意义。