Transition from diffusive to ballistic capture related to hydrogen incorporation in amorphous silicon

Three intersection mechanisms with the gliding planes (111)_TB, (001)_TB and (115)_TB respectively have been observed by high-resolution electron microscopy in the type-I twin intersection of gamma-TiAl. It was found that the intersection mechanism that occurred was related to the thickness of the incident twin. The accommodation mechanism on the (111)_TB atomic plane is preferred when the incident twin becomes very thin. The dislocation dissociations of the (111)_TB plane accommodation are the most energetically unfavourable of the dissociations of the three intersection mechanisms; however, the resultant dislocations on the (111)_TB planes are the easiest to propagate away from the intersection area. Accordingly, (111)_TB atomic plane accommodation is considered to be the only mechanism allowing shear transmission under the small local stress of the pile-up of the incident twinning partials.     

The alpha -> beta polytypic transformation in SiC induced by ball milling

The alpha -> beta polytypic transformation in SiC was observed during ball milling at room temperature. Microstructural evolution was characterized on an atomic scale by high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM). HREM observations showed that partial dislocations play an important role in the transformation under the complicated conditions during ball milling.     

基于易感人格的药物成瘾者工作记忆对执行控制功能的调节作用

为了解工作记忆在易感性人格对药物成瘾者执行控制功能和抑制性影响过程中的调节作用,采用BIS和SSS量袁以及连续操作测验（CPT）、2-back任务、威斯康星卡片分类任务（WCST）对150名药物成瘾者和100名年龄、性别及智商相匹配的非药物成瘾者实施冲动性人格、认知控制功能测试。结果发现在2-back任务正确率（工作记忆）高低不同的情况下,注意冲动性人格特质得分对执行控制功能会产生不同的影响。这说明工作记忆在冲动性人格对抑制性的影响中具有调节作用。     

Mapping the central structure core in social representation of pain

Previous evidence had revealed gender differences in perception of pain and its socialization. The present research studies gender differences by mapping the central structure core in social representation of pain. Eighty males and eighty females participated in a free evocation task for collecting cognitive elements of “pain.” By defining the elements as nodes and their co‐occurrences as lines, structural characteristics of social representation are analyzed by network analysis. Females have a central structure core in their network structure of social representation of pain. In contrast, males have no such core. These results suggest gender differences in socialization processes around the concept of pain and extend practical methods for studies of the central nucleus theory of social representation.     

对心血管病临床强化治疗的质疑

强化治疗是最近几年反复提到的话题。很多临床试验研究各种强化治疗对心血管疾病预后的影响,但结果显示强化治疗并未能带来更多的益处,甚至有害。因此我们必须理性地看待这些所谓的强化治疗。更应该倾向于个体化治疗、综合治疗,包括控制各种危险因素,改善生活的方式。把治疗的眼光放到疾病发生的早期,早治疗,以求更多获益。     

对心血管病临床强化治疗的质疑

强化治疗是最近几年反复提到的话题.很多临床试验研究各种强化治疗对心血管疾病预后的影响,但结果显示强化治疗并未能带来更多的益处,甚至有害.因此我们必须理性地看待这些所谓的强化治疗.更应该倾向于个体化治疗、综合治疗,包括控制各种危险因素,改善生活的方式.把治疗的眼光放到疾病发生的早期,早治疗,以求更多获益.     

车文博心理学思想初探

车文博先生是当代中国著名的心理学家,为中国心理学的发展作出了重大贡献.1)推进了中国心理学基本理论的研究,是中国理论心理学科的奠基人之一;2) 推动心理学史的研究,在东、西方心理学史及比较史研究方面均成就斐然;3)重视心理学的实践应用,并积极推进了中国心理学的组织建设与人才培养.     

Chronic administration of troxerutin protects mouse brain against d-galactose-induced impairment of cholinergic system

Previous evidence showed that administration of d-galactose (d-gal) increased ROS production and resulted in impairment of cholinergic system. Troxerutin, a natural bioflavonoid, has been reported to have many benefits and medicinal properties. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of troxerutin against d-gal-induced impairment of cholinergic system, and explored the potential mechanism of its action. Our results displayed that troxerutin administration significantly improved behavioral performance of d-gal-treated mice in step-through test and morris water maze task. One of the potential mechanisms of this action was decreased AGEs, ROS and protein carbonyl levels in the basal forebrain, hippocampus and front cortex of d-gal-treated mice. Furthermore, our results also showed that troxerutin significantly inhibited cholinesterase (AchE) activity, increased the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 7 (nAchRα7) and enhanced interactions between nAchRα7 and either postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) or N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors subunit 1 (NMDAR1) in the basal forebrain, hippocampus and front cortex of d-gal-treated mice, which could help restore impairment of brain function.     

Fumerton's Puzzle for Theories of Rationality

Richard Foley has presented a puzzle purporting to show that all attempts in trying to find a sufficient condition of rationality are doomed. The puzzle rests on two plausible assumptions. The first is a level-connecting principle: if one rationally believes that one's belief that p is irrational, then one's belief that p is irrational. The second is a claim about a structural feature shared by all promising sufficient conditions of rationality: for any such condition, it is possible that one's belief satisfies it and yet one rationally believes that it doesn’t. With the two assumptions, Foley argues that a sufficient condition of rationality is impossible. I explain how exactly the puzzle goes and I try to offer a solution. If my solution works, all theorists of rationality who accept certain level-connecting principles need to add an extra condition to their favourite rationality-making condition.