合法性原则与执政的选择——中共执政合法性资源积累之考察

人类社会的合法性执政有一定的原则规定性,中国社会执政合法性主要依赖于四个原则的检验:历史使命原则、治理效度原则、社会理想原则、治理方式原则。中国共产党执政合法性的现实,其实是在以上四个原则要求下不断积累执政合法性资源的一种外在表现,也可以说中共的具体执政是基于合法性原则的要求所作出的选择。通过对中共合法性资源积累过程的考察,我们不仅可以得出其现实执政合法性的原因所在,也可以得出其将来继续谋求有效执政地位的历史趋势,这两者统一于合法性原则所蕴涵的内在要求。     

忠的观念与近代中国民族主义

民族主义是与现代性相连,并与现代工业社会的发展有关,是现代性建构过程中的特殊产物.形成于近代的中国民族主义,既非一种历史的简单延续,也非政治意识形态的再现,而是社会公众在既定的历史条件下的一种自发性的情感认同.这一情感认同的对象,便是中国传统的思想文化,或许应该说是"忠"伦理的长期影响,所以中国民族主义从形成始便有其自身的特色.本文正是意图从"忠"伦理原本意义着手,考察"忠"伦理的演变过程,寻找出中国近代产生的民族主义特色的根源所在.     

Smoking cessation: social comparison level predicts success for adult smokers.

The affiliation preferences of 151 adult heavy smokers who joined smoking cessation groups were assessed at the 1st group session and were then used to predict their smoking status 6 and 12 months later. Those who preferred to be in groups with other smokers who were having relatively little trouble quitting were more likely to be successful than were those who preferred others who were having more difficulty quitting. This prospective effect was mediated by psychological distancing from the image of the typical smoker: Preference for others who were doing well was associated with a decrease in perceived similarity to the typical smoker, which, in turn, was associated with successful cessation. Implications of these findings for cessation groups and social comparison theory are discussed.     

不同程度尿蛋白患者血清甲状腺激素水平变化及其临床意义

探讨不同程度蛋白尿患者血清甲状腺激素水平的变化及其临床意义.66例不同程度蛋白尿患者,肾病综合征组28例,非肾病综合征组38例,健康对照组60例.发现蛋白尿水平与甲状腺激素水平尤其是FT3水平关系密切.在肾病综合征患者,主要表现为FT3显著降低,提示肾病综合征是正常甲状腺病态综合征的一种.     

Using UV photography to reduce use of tanning booths: a test of cognitive mediation.

Two laboratory studies were conducted in which a new type of intervention was used to reduce ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure from tanning booth use among college students (Time 1 Ns=70 and 134). The intervention uses UV photography to highlight the damage to facial skin caused by previous UV exposure. When the authors controlled for baseline measures of booth use, students in both studies who viewed their UV photographs reported less booth use at a follow-up session 3-4 weeks later than did students not shown a copy of their photograph. Also, in both studies, the decline in use was significantly mediated by a Tanning Cognition Index composed of variables suggested by the prototype-willingness (prototype) model of health risk: tanning attitudes, tanner prototypes, and willingness to engage in risky UV exposure.