Brain activation detection by neighborhood one-class SVM

Brain activation detection is an important problem in fMRI data analysis. In this paper, we propose a data-driven activation detection method called neighborhood one-class SVM (NOC-SVM). Based on the probability distribution assumption of the one-class SVM algorithm and the neighborhood consistency hypothesis, NOC-SVM identifies a voxel as either an activated or non-activated voxel by a weighted distance between its near neighbors and a hyperplane in a high-dimensional kernel space. The proposed NOC-SVM are evaluated by using both synthetic and real datasets. On two synthetic datasets with different SNRs, NOC-SVM performs better than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering and is comparable to POM. On a real fMRI dataset, NOC-SVM can discover activated regions similar to K-means and fuzzy K-means. These results show that the proposed algorithm is an effective activation detection method for fMRI data analysis. Furthermore, it is stabler than K-means and fuzzy K-means clustering.     

There are no Degrees in a Bodhisattva's Compassion

This paper is to argue that there are no degrees in a Bodhisattva's compassion and also to explore the Western account of compassion, which suggests that there are degrees in our compassion. After analyzing and comparing both positions, I affirm that they are opposite views.     

佛教与婆罗门教善恶观念比较

佛教与婆罗门教是古代印度的两个主要宗教派别。它们的善恶观念是各自理论体系中的重要组成部分。两教的此类观念虽然有明显不同,但都与古代印度圣典吠陀和奥义书有渊源关系。佛教和婆罗门教各自的善恶观念都有不同层次的划分。在后来的发展中,两教的善恶观念有很大的趋同性,它们相互影响,彼此吸收对方思想。两教中的一些基本层次的善恶观念的内容有大量是相同的,较高层次的善恶观念虽有不同,但同样强调智慧解脱。这方面的思想对古代印度系统宗教哲学的形成起了促进作用,在世界文化发展史上占有重要地位。     

“过分自信”的研究及其跨文化差异

“过分自信”是一种偏离校准,是指人们关于一般知识问题的概率判断通常以某种方式偏离校准,这种偏离都偏高。跨文化系列研究表明：面对常识和概率判断问题,集体主义文化成员（如中国人）比个体主义文化成员（如美国人）更过分自信。文章在简要回顾“过分自信”研究的基础上,对“过分自信”的跨文化差异及原因进行了比较详细地介绍,并对“过分自信”跨文化差异研究的进一步发展和实际应用进行讨论。冀对以往的研究做初步的归纳和总结,促进决策领域中跨文化比较方面的研究得到进一步发展     

平面香水广告版面设计的眼动研究

本研究以EyeLinkⅡ型眼动仪探讨被试在观看香水广告时的眼动特征。实验设计为4(香水瓶位置:左上角、右上角、左下角、右下角)×3(背景图案:人物、广告词、风景)×2(兴趣区:香水、背景)的被试内设计。结果发现:(1)当香水瓶位于广告的下半部分时能够吸引消费者更多的注意;(2)当以人物为背景图案时,被试对位于广告左下角的香水瓶的注意更多;当以广告词为背景图案时,被试对位于广告的左上角的香水瓶的注意更多;(3)被试对香水广告版面设计时背景图案为风景的香水广告的喜爱甚于人物(名人或模特)和广告词。     

Buddhist Thought and Several Problems in the World Today

Buddhism has not only produced an influence upon the ancient world culture but is also playing an important role in world affairs today. This article analyzes several important problems in the world today: world peace, disarmament, economic justice, human rights, environmental protection, and universal cooperation in world problem solving. The writer holds that, to solve these problems, we should study Buddhist theory and get some helpful ideas from it. Translated from Beida Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 5, Special Issue, April 2004     

心理学视角下的失业和再就业研究

失业是指在一个人愿意并有能力为获取报酬而工作,但尚未找到工作的状况。失业问题一直困扰着世界各国的经济和社会发展。本文系统梳理了心理学视角下的失业和再就业研究,描述了失业对个体的消极影响及其机制,分析了个体因素、工作信息来源、求职过程及歧视等对成功再就业的影响,整理了加速再就业的措施。未来的研究应进一步深化求职质量的研究、关注心理学视角下特殊群体的失业和再就业研究、并进一步加强本土化的研究。     

组织文化预览对企业并购绩效的影响

在Weber和Camerer实验范式的基础上,基于真实并购预览概念提出了组织文化并购预览,通过实验室模拟研究探索了组织文化预览对并购后绩效的影响。结果表明:(1)组织文化预览对提高并购后组织绩效有积极作用,其中双向组织文化预览对改善并购后的整体绩效以及主、并双方各自的绩效都有显著的积极作用,而单向组织文化预览未显示出显著的积极影响;(2)组织文化预览可能主要起效于并购后初期,在并购后短期内对整合组织文化有积极促进作用,利于并购后的快速整合。实验结果为组织文化预览在企业并购整合中的应用提供了理论依据和实证支持。     

后疫情时代：复工阶段不同阶层的社会情绪及压力因素

本研究考察新冠肺炎疫情复工阶段,不同阶层社会情绪和压力因素随时间的变化规律。基于三次问卷调查（NT1 = 1073; NT1 = 983; NT3 =1078）发现：（1）民众社会情绪均表现为积极情绪高于消极情绪,而且随时间推进社会情绪持续向好;（2）低阶层者的社会情绪始终比高阶层者更消极;（3）民众感知的安全压力随时间下降,而经济压力随时间没有显著变化;（4）低阶层者感知到更大的经济压力,高阶层者感知到更大的安全压力;（5）安全压力在社会阶层与积极情绪和消极情绪之间起显著的中介作用,经济压力在社会阶层与消极情绪之间起显著的中介作用。研究揭示了不同社会阶层在复工阶段存在社会情绪和压力来源的差异,为有针对性进行积极社会心态治理提供启示。     

The role of healthy emotionality in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and mental health problems: a cross-sectional study

Cognitive Processing - Understanding pandemic-related psychopathology development is limited due to numerous individual and contextual factors. It is widely accepted that individual differences to...