From Functional Efficiency to Temporal Efficiency: Multifunctional Products Increase Consumer Impatience

Multifunctional products are ubiquitous in consumers' daily lives. However, scant research has examined whether and how the presence of multifunctional products systematically alters consumer behavior beyond product evaluations and adoption. Across four experiments and three supplementary studies, the authors identify a multifunction-impatience effect. They show that after exposure to multifunctional (vs. single-function) products, consumers are more likely to choose a smaller but sooner (vs. a larger but later) reward (Study 1), report more impatience when waiting for the web search results to load and perceive the loading time as longer (Study 2), and are willing to pay more for expedited shipping (Study 3). The authors further show that the effects occur because multifunctional products activate an efficiency goal among consumers, which renders them less patient (studies 2 and 3). In addition to the regular, “sequential” multifunctional products for which each of the functions has a specific usage situation, the proposed effect also applies to “simultaneous” multifunctional products whose functions operate simultaneously during consumption (Study 4). Taken together, this research broadens the scholarly understanding of the effects of multifunctional products from consumers' responses to these products to the unintended impact of such products on consumer impatience.     

Parental Psychological Control and Adolescents’ Problematic Mobile Phone Use: The Serial Mediation of Basic Psychological Need Experiences and Negative Affect

Journal of Child and Family Studies - Drawing on self-determination theory and problem-behavior theory, we tested the relation between parental psychological control and adolescents’...     

医院重点专科发展过程阶段论

讨论医院重点专科发展过程的阶段划分及特征,对于我们在重点专科建设中正确地把握方向、恰当地评估成效和有力地予以推进都有十分重大和现实的意义。本文把医院重点专科发展过程分为科室建设、学科建设、科学建设阶段,并从功能目标、效率效益、人才队伍、场地设施、技术设备、技术特色、教学培训、科学研究、文化氛围、能级水平十个方面对各阶段的特征进行归纳描述。三个阶段各具不同内涵特征,又存在相互内在关联,具有方向性、连续性、可加速性、交叉性和包涵性等规律。     

汉语形容词的性别编码及其对句子加工的影响

该研究采用图片启动和句子完成范式,考察汉语形容词的性别编码及对句子加工的影响.结果表明：（1）图片的性别信息对形容词性向判断具有重要影响;（2）形容词性向影响被试对句子主语的选择.被试倾向于选择与形容词性向一致的代词为句子主语.对中性形容词,被试选择句子主语的时间更长.整个研究表明,在汉语形容词加工中存在性别编码.     

教师组织认同、工作满意感与情感承诺的关系

组织认同是社会认同的一种特殊形式,是与组织具有一致性或从属于组织的知觉。通过对545名教师施测Mael和Tetrick组织认同问卷、工作满意感问卷和情感承诺问卷,结果发现:(1)个体的组织认同水平能够正向的预测其工作满意感水平;(2)个体的组织认同水平能够正向的预测其情感承诺水平;(3)个体的工作满意感能够部分中介其组织认同对于情感承诺的预测作用。     

医院发展需要良性SCI效应

要发挥SCI论文促进学科建设与医院发展的作用,关键是在医院管理中如何发挥SCI效应。SCI效应是指医院通过对发表SCI论文的指引、评价、激励等机制,在专业人员、学术团队及医院管理中引起的反应和产生的效果。SCI效应分为良性SCI效应、有限正性SCI效应、负性SCI效应和恶劣SCI效应四种。医院发展需要发挥良性SCI效应,通过建立以医疗、教学、科研综合要素为基础的科学合理的专业技术人员绩效评价体系,有利于医院形成良性SCI效应。     

工读学校学生的心理健康状况及其影响因素研究

本研究以工读学校和普通学校七～九年级学生为研究对象,研究工读学校学生的心理健康状况及其影响因素。结果表明：(1)工读学校学生的总体焦虑水平和抑郁水平显著高于普通中学生,存在更多的心理健康问题;(2)工读学校学生的心理健康水平不存在显著的年级差异,而普通中学生的心理健康水平存在显著的年级差异;(3)父母的教养方式与工读学校学生的心理健康水平存在显著的相关。工读学校学生的父母更多地采取消极的教养方式;(4)生活事件应激与工读学校学生的心理健康水平存在极其显著的负相关。工读学校学生负性生活事件所带来的应激强度显著高于普通中学生。     

Consequences of Ignoring Guessing Effects on Measurement Invariance Analysis

Pseudo-guessing parameters are present in item response theory applications for many educational assessments. When sample size is not sufficiently large, the guessing parameters may be ignored from the analysis. This study examines the impact of ignoring pseudo-guessing parameters on measurement invariance analysis, specifically, on item difficulty, item discrimination, and mean and variance of ability distribution. Results show that when non-zero guessing parameters are ignored from the measurement invariance analysis, item discrimination estimates tend to decrease particularly for more difficult items, and item difficulty estimates decrease unless the items are highly discriminating and difficult. As the guessing parameter increases, the size of the decrease in item discrimination and difficulty tends to increase, and the estimated mean and variance of ability distribution tend to be inaccurate. When two groups have heterogeneous ability distributions, ignoring the guessing parameter affects the reference group and the focal group differently. Implications of result findings are discussed.     

《哲学的贫困》中的价值形式问题

马克思对价值形式的初步系统阐释可以追溯到《哲学的贫困》,虽然只是论战性的概述。作为观念论哲学的推崇者,蒲鲁东醉心发明各种科学公式,用建议意见自由意志等观念间的推演来解释价值形式的二重性与矛盾性,诉诸虚构的历史来描述所谓构成价值的基本内涵、决定因素、形成过程及现实应用。马克思从批判这些变戏法出发,揭示了构成价值的实质与矛盾,指出它无非是相对价值的另类表达且漠视建立在阶级对抗基础上的经济事实,故而不能适用于解释金银成为货币的经济原因、证实凡劳动必有剩余的定理。马克思此时的价值形式理论看似尚未超过李嘉图价值理论,实则在方法上尤其是尝试解决剩余价值问题方面实现了飞跃。相形之下,蒲鲁东的构成价值论虽由于旨在解决工人的贫困状况而具有部分进步意义,却终究无法摆脱沦为工人遭受现代奴役之公式从而被历史遗弃的命运。