论基督教文化与中国现代文学的人道精神

在反思批判中国儒家文化传统的语境中,基督教文化成为批判儒家文化传统的思想武器,诸多曾受到基督教文化影响的中国作家在救世精神的推崇、爱人如己的描写、自我价值的追寻中,使他们的创作或多或少地呈现出人道精神,对人道主义在中国的萌动与发展起到了重要的作用.     

Object memory and change detection: dissociation as a function of visual and conceptual similarity

People often fail to detect a change between two visual scenes, a phenomenon referred to as change blindness. This study investigates how a post-change object's similarity to the pre-change object influences memory of the pre-change object and affects change detection. The results of Experiment 1 showed that similarity lowered detection sensitivity but did not affect the speed of identifying the pre-change object, suggesting that similarity between the pre- and post-change objects does not degrade the pre-change representation. Identification speed for the pre-change object was faster than naming the new object regardless of detection accuracy. Similarity also decreased detection sensitivity in Experiment 2 but improved the recognition of the pre-change object under both correct detection and detection failure. The similarity effect on recognition was greatly reduced when 20% of each pre-change stimulus was masked by random dots in Experiment 3. Together the results suggest that the level of pre-change representation under detection failure is equivalent to the level under correct detection and that the pre-change representation is almost complete. Similarity lowers detection sensitivity but improves explicit access in recognition. Dissociation arises between recognition and change detection as the two judgments rely on the match-to-mismatch signal and mismatch-to-match signal, respectively.     

A Preliminary Study on the Use of Mobile Phones amongst Migrant Workers in Beijing

The past decade has witnessed the rapid growth in the number of mobile phone users in China. According to a survey conducted amongst migrant workers and reported in this study, mobile phones have become sufficiently affordable for an overwhelming majority of migrants. Drawing on examples from Beijing, this article discusses the implications of mobile phone usage among migrant workers in China. Through an analysis of their stories about their daily lives, this paper attempts to explicate migrant workers’ mobile phone usage against a background of their alienated situation in Beijing. The author explores the responses of the migrants to their situation in relation to the social usage of mobile phone and specifically introduces and discusses four concepts for understanding patterns of migrant mobile phone use: feigned presence, concern in absence, jianghu relations, and romantic relations. The paper ends with the conclusion that the patterns of mobile phone usage contribute to changes in migrant workers’ way of life. Residual problems and avenues of future research that arise from this study are also discussed in the conclusion.

西方学者对组织伦理气氛结构的研究

组织伦理气氛(organizational ethic climate)是组织成员对于什么是符合伦理的行为,如何解决伦理困境或问题的共同体验和认知.通过文献研究,该文系统讨论和分析了组织伦理气氛的理论结构类型和实证结构研究等方面的内容,并对西方组织伦理气氛结构研究现状进行了反思,提出一些启示.     

重读对语篇表征中的信息的激活的影响

考察在口语语篇表征中重读是如何影响新信息和旧信息的激活.结果表明,与无重读的基线条件相比,重读条件下,新信息和旧信息在语篇表征中的激活水平都提高.无论其信息结构如何,重读会提高它所标识的概念节点在语篇表征中的激活.     

服从行为的心理学研究

分析了米尔格拉姆"服从"实验中被试的心理行为特点;阐述了米尔格拉姆"服从"实验中被试行为的多重性质;揭示了服从是"主体在特定社会情境中,通过对客体提供的社会信息的概括、判断和推理,为寻求奖赏或免受惩罚而产生的与客体一致的行为或态度"的本质;提出了服从行为"期望理论"的数学模型和服从行为转化的基本历程函数图.     

学习判断孤立效应的发生机制及作用途径

本研究系统考察学习判断是否存在孤立效应,采用电脑编程的动窗技术,随机选取高一的学生共614名,实施3个实验分别探讨知觉、类型、语义孤立材料的学习判断是否存在孤立效应.结果表明:知觉、类型和语义孤立会影响学习判断值,表现出明显的孤立效应,由此得出学习判断中存在孤立效应.     

听觉词源记忆与再认记忆的差异性研究

该项研究探讨被试对听觉词源检测和再认的差异性,并比较了男女被试的源检测和再认情况.实验以两字汉字词为记忆材料,设计了三个因素.性别因素指男女被试性别水平;声源因素设计了男性和女性两种声源呈现听觉词,为组内设计;学习因素为两个水平的组内设计,水平一是偶然学习,水平二是重复学习,也为组内设计,该因素考查学习效应.研究分别统计两种声源词的再认和源检测成绩,结果分析显示:被试源检测的学习效应显著,而再认的学习效应不显著;两种声源词的源检测差异显著,而再认的差异不显著;同类测试之间存在显著相关,两种测试之间相关不显著;偶然学习条件下,男女被试对男性声源词的源检测差异显著.研究结果提示,源检测的内部认知过程不同于再认,并且两种性别人群的源记忆可能存在某些方面的差异.     

事件相关电位与态度研究

目前,事件相关电位(ERP)技术在态度研究领域中所取得的成果可总结为:(1)在情感评价上,与情境一致的刺激相比,不一致的刺激诱发了一个更大的ERP,并且ERP波幅会因一致性程度的差异而变化;(2)评价性和非评价性分类加工所诱发的ERP在头部分布上存在差异,同样,评价性分类加工中积极和消极刺激所诱发的ERP也存在差异;(3)ERP对外显的和内隐的评价性分类加工的检验都反应敏感.在此基础上,文章对当前研究中所存在的问题及其对策进行了分析和探讨.     

VDT界面颜色视觉工效:色调因素对视觉绩效的影响

此项研究通过多色彩前景色和背景色匹配的字符辨别反应时实验研究,探索多种颜色对比条件下的色调因素对视觉反应绩效的影响,试图探索多色彩对比条件下的何种色调匹配具有最佳视觉绩效.结果表明色调对视觉反应绩效有显著影响.互补色匹配的视觉绩效优于平均视觉绩效,同色调对比匹配的视觉绩效低于平均视觉绩效.