大学生社会能力的类型特征

本研究的前期研究确定了大学生的三种社会能力,即事务处理能力、一般人际交往能力和建立与发展友谊的能力各自所包含的维度。本研究的目的在于进一步揭示这些能力因素在不同个体中的组合方式,概括大学生三种社会能力的类型特征。对1048名大学生的聚类分析发现,大学生的事务处理能力可分为5种类型：主动—干练型、退缩—犹豫型、积极—刻板型、积极—犹豫型;一般人际交往能力可分为4种类型：乐群—独立型、平和—被动型、取悦他人型和封闭—冷淡型;建立与发展友谊的能力可分为5种类型：积极和谐型、孤僻—冷漠型、期望友谊型、积极获取友谊型和不善表达型。     

不同性质语篇背景信息的激活与抑制

运用窗口阅读及再认探测技术,探讨即时与延迟状态下合适与不合适背景信息的激活模式。被试阅读含有精细阐述错误信息的实验材料及不含错误信息的参照材料,并对合适或不合适(参照条件下为无关)的探测词进行再认反应。结果发现,合适与不合适信息激活关系随时程延长发生的逆转是由于合适信息激活水平得到提升、不合适信息受到抑制所导致。但即使在延迟状态下,不合适先行词的激活水平也并没有降到与一个无关信息等同的程度,表明受精细阐述的错误信息即使在经过更正之后,其在语篇表征中仍有着比较重要的地位。     

“人体-环境”新系统医学模式探讨

运用系统论观点分析“生物-心理-社会”医学模式的优越性和局限性,提出以人为主体,将人作为一完整系统,人与环境合为大系统,以整体论的健康观为理念的“人体-环境”新系统医学模式,旨在更好地推动中西医结合和预防医学的发展,加速学科间的相互渗透,唤起健康和环保意识,以及更加重视政治和法律政策对现代医学的作用。     

印度的婆罗门教、佛教与中国的儒家、道家

印度的婆罗门教和中国的儒家学说都有着维护社会秩序、延续既有文明、创造符号体系的建构功能 ;与此相对立 ,印度的佛家和中国的道家学说则以反向解构的姿态分别对婆罗门教和儒家学说在民族文化的建构过程中所导致的异化现象进行了深刻的批判。这种建构与解构的关系体现了追求文明与反抗异化、积极进取与消极无为、崇尚秩序与回归自然之间的辩证关系。作为这种逻辑关系的历史性发展 ,印度宗教文化从婆罗门教到佛教再到印度教的发展过程 ,与中国世俗文化中儒家和道家之间的彼此更迭 ,都形成着“否定之否定”式的阶段性变革。     

Weather and homicide in Hong Kong

No seasonality was discovered in homicide in Hong Kong. Weather variables were not associated with homicide rates.     

小学生空间能力及其发展倾向的性别差异研究

本研究探讨了二、四、六年级小学生空间能力的性别差异表现特征.结果表明,在空间能力的加工方式、加工精确性及加工策略上均存在着性别差异,而在加工速度上表现为无差现象.在空间能力的发展趋势和空间组合能力方面,女生表现出稳定的优势;在空间旋转能力上,男生的优势随年龄增长表现为减弱并消失的特征.     

What does it mean to trust blockchain technology?

This paper argues that the widespread belief that interactions between blockchains and their users are trust-free is inaccurate and misleading, since this belief not only overlooks the vital role played by trust in the lack of knowledge and control but also conceals the moral and normative relevance of relying on blockchain applications. The paper reaches this argument by providing a close philosophical examination of the concept referred to as trust in blockchain technology, clarifying the trustor group, the structure, and the normatively loaded nature of this trust relation. The paper ends by critically reflecting on two of the most promising values (decentralization and transparency) that can invite users’ trust in blockchain technology, arguing that there is a tension between the pressing values that are intended to be achieved by developers and the predicament situations caused by current blockchain implementations.     

失恋经历对爱情相关刺激注意偏向的影响:趋近还是回避?

为探讨失恋经历对爱情相关刺激注意偏向的影响,采用眼动和事件相关电位技术考察有、无失恋个体在加工积极和消极爱情信息时眼动和ERP特征。通过2个实验结果发现：在总注视时间和注视点个数眼动指标上,图片类型和失恋经历的交互作用达到统计显著水平;有失恋经历被试比无失恋经历被试对消极爱情图片的注视点更多,注视时间更长。积极爱情图片比消极爱情图片诱发的N1波峰更大,有失恋经历被试对积极图片的N1潜伏期显著快于无失恋经历的被试;有失恋经历被试在积极爱情图片上的P1波峰小于无失恋经历被试。研究表明,有、无失恋经历被试对爱情相关刺激的注意偏向存在眼动特征和神经生理上的显著差异：有失恋经历者在行为上对消极爱情图片存在注意趋近偏向,而在神经生理上对积极爱情图片存在注意回避倾向。     

The impact of dialectical behaviour therapy training on therapists in Singapore: A mixed-methods study

Background

While dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) has much empirical support for treating borderline personality disorder (BPD) and other conditions, little research has examined the dissemination of DBT in Southeast Asia.

Aims

This study evaluated training outcomes following a 5-day intensive DBT training programme in a group of psychologists in Singapore, who were in the process of implementing DBT as part of the training's objectives.

Methodology

A mixed-methods design was employed. Fourteen psychologists from a public psychiatric hospital in Singapore were recruited. Seven self-selected into DBT training, and the remaining were matched controls who were not attending the training programme. The latter served as a nonrandomised control group. Prior to and 3 months after training, all participants completed measures of stigma towards BPD patients, burnout and therapeutic alliance. DBT training participants additionally attended a focus group discussion assessing their experiences and challenges implementing DBT in Singapore's context.

Findings

Quantitative analyses using mixed ANOVA showed that, compared with controls, DBT-trained participants demonstrated significantly greater increases in acceptance towards BPD patients. No between-group differences were found on changes in burnout or therapy alliance with patients. Analyses of qualitative data using thematic analysis revealed that DBT training impacted the way participants conceptualised and delivered therapy for BPD patients, and highlighted several challenges in implementing DBT in the local hospital context.

Conclusion

The findings demonstrate the potential of DBT training in improving clinicians' attitudes towards BPD patients and support a need for policymakers to prepare organisations for DBT implementation to ensure programme sustainability.     

Examining college students' food security coping strategies and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

College students' food situations may have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which could have affected their health and well-being. However, little is known about how the pandemic impacted students' food experiences and how students coped with food-related disruptions, particularly from the student's own perspective. This study reviews data from 571 undergraduates who attended public colleges during Fall 2021 and Spring 2022 and wrote a narrative about the pandemic's impact on their food experiences. Most students indicated they experienced a wide range of food difficulties and adapted new food practices. Despite these challenges, students emphasized proactive coping strategies and positive pandemic outcomes rather than difficulties and negative outcomes. These findings have implications for students' long-term health and well-being.