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21.
Ke Zhang Dingguo Gao Jiehui Qian 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2021,112(1):230-246
Depth perception is essential for effective interaction with the environment. Although the accuracy of depth perception has been studied extensively, it is unclear how accurate the depth information is stored in working memory. In this study, we investigated the accuracy and systematic biases of depth representation by a delayed estimation task. The memory array consisted of items presented at various stereoscopic depth positions, and the participants were instructed to estimate the depth position of one target item after a retention interval. We examined the effect of spatial configuration by comparing the memory performance in the whole-display condition where non-target memory items were present during retrieval with that in the single-display condition where non-target memory items were absent. In the single-display condition, we found an overestimation bias that the depth estimates were farther than the corresponding depth positions defined by disparity, and a contraction bias that the stored depth positions near the observer were overestimated and those far from the observer were underestimated. The magnitude of these biases increased with the number of to-be-stored items. However, in the whole-display condition, the overestimation bias was corrected and the contraction bias did not increase with the number of to-be-stored items. Our findings suggested that the number of to-be-stored items could affect the accuracy of depth working memory, and its effect depended crucially on whether the information of spatial configuration of memory display was available at the retrieval stage. 相似文献
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通过运用参与观察法和个案访谈法在H市开展关于大学生基督教组织发展情况的调研,发现大学生基督教组织的组织化程度在逐步提高,有组织的传教活动频繁,传教意愿强烈,社会联系广泛,善于结合大学生特点开展宗教活动。大学生基督教组织的活跃对高校校园管理和人才培养工作造成一定干扰,构成社会稳定的潜在隐患。因此,高校及主管部门需要创新社会治理方法,构建多方联动机制,直面大学生信教问题,通过多种渠道协同加强高校思想政治工作,积极应对大学生基督教组织的不断发展。 相似文献
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―、学术研究缘起和经历问:高老师您好,我受《中国穆斯林》杂志委托,很高兴对您进行专访。您是从甘肃临夏走出来的回族学者,故乡是您驻留心间常思常念的一方热土,您在撰文或接受采访时曾多次表达自己浓厚的家乡情怀。有关故乡,您有哪些最值得回忆的往事?故乡对您走上学术研究之路,特别是您早期从事西北穆斯林问题研究产生了哪些重要影响? 相似文献
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Chuanji Gao Douglas H. Wedell Jongwan Kim Christine E. Weber 《Cognition & emotion》2018,32(3):516-529
Two experiments examined how affective values from visual and auditory modalities are integrated. Experiment 1 paired music and videos drawn from three levels of valence while holding arousal constant. Experiment 2 included a parallel combination of three levels of arousal while holding valence constant. In each experiment, participants rated their affective states after unimodal and multimodal presentations. Experiment 1 revealed a congruency effect in which stimulus combinations of the same extreme valence resulted in more extreme state ratings than component stimuli presented in isolation. An interaction between music and video valence reflected the greater influence of negative affect. Video valence was found to have a significantly greater effect on combined ratings than music valence. The pattern of data was explained by a five parameter differential weight averaging model that attributed greater weight to the visual modality and increased weight with decreasing values of valence. Experiment 2 revealed a congruency effect only for high arousal combinations and no interaction effects. This pattern was explained by a three parameter constant weight averaging model with greater weight for the auditory modality and a very low arousal value for the initial state. These results demonstrate key differences in audiovisual integration between valence and arousal. 相似文献
26.
Are Decisions Made by Group Representatives More Risk Averse? The Effect of Sense of Responsibility 下载免费PDF全文
We tested the hypothesis that a sense of responsibility drives group representatives' decisions to be more risk averse compared with decisions made by individuals. The hypothesis was supported when the monetary considerations (i.e., payoff inequality and the magnitude effect) were controlled for in the potential gain domain as well as in the potential loss domain. Evidence showed that this is because the group representatives were concerned about how they would view themselves (e.g., guilt and self‐blame) and also how they would be viewed by others (i.e., to avoid being blamed and looked down upon by others). This study provided new insights into understanding group representatives' decision making under risk. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
27.
Na Gao Rosalind Thornton Peng Zhou Stephen Crain 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》2018,47(6):1219-1241
The present study used a Truth Value Judgment Task to investigate whether changes in sentence structure lead to corresponding changes in the assignment of scope relations by Mandarin-speaking children and adults. In one condition, participants were presented with ordinary negative sentences containing disjunction; this condition was designed to verify the existing claim that disjunction is a positive polarity item for adult speakers of Mandarin, but not for child speakers. In a second condition, participants were presented with negative sentences where the disjunction phrase was preposed from object position; this condition was designed to examine the extent to which changes in sentence structure can result in changes in scope assignments to negated disjunctions. The results indicate that the preposed disjunction phrase undergoes reconstruction for children, whereas reconstruction is blocked for adults. This finding also suggests that Mandarin-speaking children and adults exhibit different scope preferences for negated disjunctions, regardless of where the disjunction phrase appears in the surface syntax. 相似文献
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