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161.
162.
Cho YW Song HJ Lee JJ Lee JH Lee HJ Yi SD Chang HW Berl MM Gaillard WD Chang Y 《Brain and language》2012,120(3):372-380
Older adults perform much like younger adults on language. This similar level of performance, however, may come about through different underlying brain processes. In the present study, we evaluated age-related differences in the brain areas outside the typical language areas among adults using a category decision task. Our results showed that similar activation patterns were found in classical language processing areas across the three age groups although regional lateralization indices in Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas decreased with age. The greatest differences, however, among the three groups were found primarily in the brain areas not associated with core language functioning including the hippocampus, middle frontal gyrus, ventromedial frontal cortex, medial superior parietal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. Therefore, the non-classical language areas may exhibit an age-related difference between three age groups while the subjects show a similar activation pattern in the core, primary language processing during a semantic decision task. 相似文献
163.
Cheng‐Yong Tan 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2012,15(4):273-283
This study examines the factor structure of Asian child‐reported parenting from a Rasch perspective. Participants comprised 291 sixth graders (11 to 13 years) in Singapore. Six different aspects of parenting were measured, namely warmth, rejection, structure, chaos, autonomy support, and coercion. Rasch Analysis was used to transform ordinal data into linear measures; category functioning was examined; residual‐based principal components were analysed; differential item functioning was assessed; and items and subjects that were misfitting were removed. Results showed that parenting comprised six dimensions, namely warmth, autonomy support, structure‐control, structure‐warmth, chaos, and negative parenting. The findings suggest that it is important for Asian parents to provide guidance to their children (in structure‐control and structure‐warmth) and reaffirms the relevance of warmth in Asian parenting. 相似文献
164.
为探讨人格对幼儿白谎行为的影响,及“冷”“热”执行功能的中介作用机制,采用问卷法和测验法对218名3~6岁幼儿的人格、言语能力、“冷”“热”执行功能和白谎行为进行测试。结果显示:控制年龄和言语能力后,智能特征和亲社会性可显著正向预测幼儿白谎行为;“冷”执行功能在智能特征和白谎行为间发挥部分中介作用;“热”执行功能在亲社会性和白谎行为间发挥部分中介作用;“热”执行功能在外倾性和白谎行为间发挥完全中介作用;“冷”“热”执行功能在认真自控和白谎行为间发挥完全中介作用。研究结果进一步揭示了人格对幼儿白谎行为影响的内在机制。 相似文献
165.
品牌社区是指一种特定的,不受地域限制的,基于某一品牌崇拜者之间结构化的社会关系而建立的社区。大量研究围绕社会认同理论、计划行为理论等相关理论,试图揭示品牌社区的形成、发展及作用机制。现有研究发现消费者对品牌的态度及其所感受到的主观行为规范等因素会影响个体的社区参与水平,而参与品牌社区有助于社区成员产生品牌认同,进而有效地维持并提高其品牌忠诚度。未来研究应该更多地关注自尊、自我意识以及社会认同威胁等变量。此外,国内研究者还应当考虑到东西方文化差异,促进相关理论及概念的本土化。 相似文献
166.
Han DH Kim YS Lee YS Min KJ Renshaw PF 《Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking》2010,13(6):655-661
Brain responses, particularly within the orbitofrontal and cingulate cortices, to Internet video-game cues in college students are similar to those observed in patients with substance dependence in response to the substance-related cues. In this study, we report changes in brain activity between baseline and following 6 weeks of Internet video-game play. We hypothesized that subjects with high levels of self-reported craving for Internet video-game play would be associated with increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, particularly the orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. Twenty-one healthy university students were recruited. At baseline and after a 6-week period of Internet video-game play, brain activity during presentation of video-game cues was assessed using 3T blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. Craving for Internet video-game play was assessed by self-report on a 7-point visual analogue scale following cue presentation. During a standardized 6-week video-game play period, brain activity in the anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortex of the excessive Internet game-playing group (EIGP) increased in response to Internet video-game cues. In contrast, activity observed in the general player group (GP) was not changed or decreased. In addition, the change of craving for Internet video games was positively correlated with the change in activity of the anterior cingulate in all subjects. These changes in frontal-lobe activity with extended video-game play may be similar to those observed during the early stages of addiction. 相似文献
167.
Amos Yong 《Theology & Science》2013,11(2):203-221
This review essay surveys 14 recent texts on theology and science published by six different evangelical (conservative Protestant) publishing houses since 1999. The spectrum of evangelical-theological approaches to evolution, natural history, and origins-of-life issues are presented in these texts, as are evangelical-theological perspectives on the Intelligent Design phenomenon, on theological and scientific method, and on the philosophy of science. Summary observations about the status quaestiones of the theology-and-science discussion in the evangelical world at the beginning of the twenty-first century are provided, and future developments anticipated among conservative Protestants in their engagements with the sciences. 相似文献
168.
Yong Pil Rhee 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2013,69(1):75-94
Democracy is the most widely admired type of political system but also perhaps the most difficult to maintain. If democracy does not operate by the principles of justice, the people may prefer to be governed through their own consent. Legitimacy requires effective performance. But effectiveness may be sacrificed to consent. Democracy is sustainable when its institutional framework promotes normatively desirable and politically desired objectives. It can be said that the viability of a democratic system depends on the principle of justice, which leads to the functioning of autopoietic system in the complex environment of civil society. 相似文献
169.
Deformation of NiTi shape-memory alloys (SMAs) under dynamic tension has been studied. It is found that the stress plateau associated with detwinning still exists at the highest strain rate tested (300s -1 ). Beyond the stress plateau, when dislocation mechanisms dominate the deformation process, the strain-hardening effect is more strongly dependent on strain rate. The dynamically deformed specimens exhibit a shape-recovery process and a two-way memory effect which are identical with that for the alloy deformed under quasistatic conditions. The observations suggest that the detwinning process takes place in SMAs under dynamic tension. 相似文献
170.
The powder metallurgy technology of mechanical alloying followed by hot-pressing consolidation has been used to obtain NbCr2–Ni Laves phases. High-purity Nb, Cr, and Ni crystalline powders were milled for periods up to 35 h. These powders were vacuum sintered at 1250°C for 0.5 h under 45 MPa. The phase transformations of NbCr2–Ni Laves phases have been investigated by X-ray diffraction. The grain size decreases and the microstrain increases with increased Ni content. Different phase transformations were observed from NbCr2–Ni intermetallics. It is found that the electron concentration and phase stability correlation is obeyed in the Nb–Cr–Ni systems. However, the electron concentration corresponding to the C15/C14 phase transition is found to move to a higher value (i.e. 6.103) than the predicted one (i.e. 5.88) in the literature. 相似文献