女性主义对现代医学的政治批判二题

以两本西方女性主义代表性著作中的观点为例,简要地讨论了女性主义学者们对于西方当代医学的政治批判,来自女性主义这样一个新兴的学术领域中的这种不同的声音,对于人们思考未来医学的发展方式,将具有可能的借鉴作用。     

论寿命学：2．梦想与现实

以人类最大寿命的相对有限性为基础,论述现阶段延长人类寿命面临的问题以及人类最大寿限演化的远景并着重指出依靠现行医疗模式延寿潜力的有限性以及改变医疗保健观念与运行体系的必要性。     

Dimensions of the Mysticism Scale: Confirming the Three-Factor Structure in the United States and Iran

In a mostly Christian American sample (N = 1,379), confirmatory factor analysis of Hood's (1975) Mysticism Scale verified the existence of Stace's (1960) introvertive and extrovertive dimensions of mystical phenomenology along with a separate interpretation factor. A second study confirmed the presence of these three factors in not only another group of Americans (N = 188), but also in a sample of Iranian Muslims (N = 185). Relationships of the introvertive and extrovertive factors with the interpretation factor were essentially identical across these two cultures, but the Americans displayed a stronger association between the two phenomenology factors. In both samples, the interpretation factor correlated positively with an intrinsic and negatively with an extrinsic religious orientation, and the introvertive factor predicted psychological dysfunction. Associations of the interpretation factor with relative mental health appeared only in the Iranians. These data offered general support for Stace's phenomenology of mysticism, although the ineffability he linked with interpretation proved to be as much or even more a feature of the introvertive experience, as hypothesized by Hood.     

脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素分析

了解脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素。采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）及自制的一般状况调查问卷对240名脑卒中患者家属进行问卷调查。脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况明显高于国内常模（P〈0．01）;其中家属的性别、年龄、文化程度、与患者关系、患者神经功能缺损程度及医疗费用的缴付方式与患者家属的焦虑有关（P〈0．01）。患者家属的...     

脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素分析

了解脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况及其影响因素.采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及自制的一般状况调查问卷对240名脑卒中患者家属进行问卷调查.脑卒中患者家属的焦虑状况明显高于国内常模(P＜0.01);其中家属的性别、年龄、文化程度、与患者关系、患者神经功能缺损程度及医疗费用的缴付方式与患者家属的焦虑有关(P＜0.01).患者家属的焦虑状况较严重,因此须早期对患者家属进行必要的健康教育和心理干预,从而为患者的长期护理及早期康复提供一个有力的保障.     

The Effects of Electronic Word of Mouth on Product Judgment and Choice: The Moderating Role of the Sense of Virtual Community1

Electronic word‐of‐mouth (WOM) communication influences potential consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a product. Since consumers frequently assess online information based on their relationships with communities, rather than with individuals, online communities themselves function as referents for assessing information quality. This study examines whether consumer perceptions toward virtual communities (i.e., sense of virtual community or SOVC) moderate the perceived influence of product comments on attitude and purchase intention. This study manipulated 2 scenarios involving positive comments and negative comments regarding a newly issued game product. Analytical results indicated that SOVC reinforced the influences of online comments on attitude and purchase intention. Thus, marketers should consider the role of virtual communities when implementing WOM strategy online.     

民族刻板印象威胁效应

Steele和Aronson (1995)最早提出刻板印象威胁的概念,指出这种威胁使个体担心自己会验证所属群体的消极刻板印象.民族刻板印象威胁表现为个体行为表现下降并影响民族交往.民族刻板印象威胁效应的主要机制是工作记忆受损和不认同.通过提供内群体榜样和进行非评价性测试,可以有效地减轻刻板印象威胁效应.未来研究要准确界定种族、族群和民族的概念,考察民族刻板印象威胁与性别刻板印象威胁的区别,研究不同民族的刻板印象威胁效应.     

科学创造力与艺术创造力:启动效应及领域影响

如何有效地提升创造力,是创造力研究和实践领域的核心问题之一.而对创造力表达及其影响机制的把握则是创造力提升的必要前提.本研究计划通过实施科学创造力及艺术创造力的启动实验,以不同专业大学生为被试,来探索科学创造力和艺术创造力表达的个体心理机制,及外部影响的作用模式,从而厘清在动机启动、样例启动和自我启动之间,究竟何种启动模式对创造力的表达最为有效;进而,通过对来自理工科和艺术专业领域评分者对科学创造力及艺术创造力作品的评分比较,来考查两种创造力模式间可能存在的领域影响.经由以上的探究,试图为科学与艺术创造力的发展与促进提供科学依据和建构理论框架.     

Shadows of the past: temporal retrieval effects in recognition memory

We examine whether temporally defined associations play a role in item recognition. The role of these associations in recall tasks is well known; we demonstrate an important role in item recognition as well. In this study, subjects were significantly more likely to recognize a test item as having been previously experienced if the preceding test item was studied in a temporally proximal list position than if the preceding test item came from a more distant list position. Further analyses showed that this associative effect was almost entirely due to cases in which the preceding test item received a highest-confidence recognition judgment.