Working memory modulates the perception of time

Recent research has indicated that reentrant feedback from the contents of working memory can enhance neural representations and the perceptual strengths of matching stimuli in the visual field. However, whether the contents of working memory can also distort conscious experiences of perception remains unclear. Our present results show that the durations of perceptual stimuli matching the nontemporal representations in working memory tend to be perceived as longer than those of mismatching stimuli. This is the first demonstration that working memory can lead to distortions of time perception. Our findings are consistent with the ideas that the perceived duration of a stimulus depends on the magnitude of the neural responses to that stimulus in visual cortex and that there is a common system for representing both temporal and nontemporal magnitudes. We conclude that top-down modulation from the nontemporal contents of working memory distorts the perceptual experience of temporal duration.     

Social presence and service satisfaction: The moderating role of cultural value‐orientation

Two studies examine the role of the cultural value orientation, self‐construal, as a moderator of the relationship between social presence and service satisfaction. Cross‐cultural data are collected in China and the USA to maximize variation on self‐construal. Results suggest that social presence effects vary depending on the consumer's independent self‐construal. Regardless of whether the service encounter is positive or negative, social presence increases the strength of satisfaction or dissatisfaction for low independents but not for high independents. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Spatial orienting in the visual field: a unified perceptual space?

Visual attention can be oriented toward a spatial location in the visual field exogenously by an abrupt onset of a peripheral cue. In a series of behavioral studies on exogenous orienting of attention with a double-cue paradigm, we demonstrated a functional subdivision of perceptual space in the visual field. Specifically, inhibition of return (IOR) is much stronger at periphery relative to perifoveal visual field up to approximately 15° eccentricity, suggesting two dissociable functional areas in the visual field. To further investigate the generality of this functional subdivision of the visual field, we measured IOR effects with another single-cue paradigm and applied a very short cue-target interval that was typically anticipated not to observe any inhibitory effect at all. Consistent with this expectation, no IOR effects at the eccentricities up to 15° were observed. However, significant IOR effects beyond 15° eccentricities were consistently demonstrated. These results not only revealed an early onset of IOR for more peripheral stimuli, but also confirmed that the perceptual space in the visual field is not homogeneous but underlies a functional subdivision with a border of ca. 15° eccentricity.     

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤的处置

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤是当前异基因造血干细胞移植中一对不可调和的矛盾。在解决这一矛盾方面,科学家们已取得了很大的进展。随着移植学、免疫学的发展和认识的深入,最终能够最大限度的削弱移植物抗宿主病,增强移植物抗肿瘤效应,提高移植后患者的生存质量。     

宋明理学理欲观与丹溪医学

朱丹溪作为谙熟理学的医家,其医学深受理学思想的影响,本文主要探讨理学理欲观与丹溪医学的关系。受“存天理,灭人欲”思想的影响,强调饮食、房事在发病学中的重要意义,强调节食节欲的养生学意义,肯定“养德”与“养生”的统一性。由于丹溪在医学界的宗师地位,扩大了理学对中医学的影响,形成了后期中医学发展的特色。     

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤的处置

移植物抗宿主病与移植物抗肿瘤是当前异基因造血干细胞移植中一对不可调和的矛盾.在解决这一矛盾方面,科学家们已取得了很大的进展.随着移植学、免疫学的发展和认识的深入,最终能够最大限度的削弱移植物抗宿主病,增强移植物抗肿瘤效应,提高移植后患者的生存质量.     

功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科应用的情况及问题

20世纪70年代,以慢性鼻窦炎/鼻息肉为主要治疗对象的功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科的创立和发展,开辟了鼻窦外科的新领域.功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科技术把鼻窦外科推向了新的阶段,使鼻窦炎临床治愈率提高到80%～90%,已成为国内外鼻窦炎外科治疗的主要方式.回顾功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科的发展历史,分析了鼻腔-鼻窦病变中应用的情况,并提出了应用中应处理好的两个问题,对准确把握功能性内窥镜鼻窦外科发展的趋势和特点具有重要的作用.     

训诂、解释与文化传承

从中国文化发展的历史看,“训诂”被看做后人继承前人文化的一个重要途径。由于历代统治者出于自身需要而提供大力支持,“训诂学”在中国文化史上成为一门重要的学科之一,尽管近代以后由于新文化运动的兴起而日渐衰落。在西方思想史上,解释学也是一门具有悠久传统的学科,早在中世纪就有了关于圣经典籍的解释学,到了近代有施莱尔马赫和狄尔泰的解释学,到了现代又有伽达默尔的哲学解释学。我们今天把训诂学与解释学放到一起讨论,很大程度上是因为哲学解释学的深刻影响,促使我们对自己文化解释的反思。我们首先必须清楚地认识到,训诂与解释有着…     

道教戒律与儒家礼制

道教戒律与儒家礼制同为中国传统社会中的社会控制形式。二者有着相互融摄和相互弥补之处,本文从目的论上的异趣、思想上的融摄、内容上的弥补、实施中的差异四个方面对其进行探讨。     

元代后期南方道教图景的真实展现——《桃花女》的宗教文化蕴含及价值

元杂剧《桃花女》是一部植根于民间文化生活土壤中、同时又极富特色的道化剧。它在价值方面具有多元化的特点。对于此类颇具特殊性的作品,我们的认识视野不可过于狭窄。如果我们仅从传统的思想内容及艺术价值的视角去审视它,收获恐怕不会太大。但若是换个角度,例如从宗教的视角去观照之,我们就会发现此剧不仅有着极为丰富的宗教文化蕴含,而且有着极为重要的宗教学价值,应当受到重视。