中小学师生的校园暴力内隐观研究

本研究用自编问卷对2386名中小学生和504名中小学教师进行了调查,结果表明,中小学师生普遍认可比较严重的身体攻击和性骚扰为校园暴力,不太认可言语攻击为校园暴力。学生的内隐观存在性别、城乡和年级差异,教师的内隐观基本不受性别、城乡、年级和学历影响。教师比学生更认可身体攻击为校园暴力,而学生比教师更认可言语攻击、财产破坏和一般性的体罚为校园暴力。     

肝移植的伦理学问题

肝脏移植和其它器官移植一起实现了人类长期以来渴望生命再生的梦想,并成为终末期肝病的有效治疗方法。器官移植也面对许多伦理道德方面的难题。供体,特别是活体器官的摘取,受体的选择等,都受到社会道德观的制约。从伦理道德角度来分析如何制定相关的法律法规,成为当前社会关注的热点。从受体的利益、人体科研的道德规范以及相关制度的伦理学要求等方面,较为详细的阐述肝移植伦理学的基本原则。     

医疗暴力的危害、原因及对策

医疗暴力事件严重干扰医院正常诊疗秩序,给医疗服务带来许多负面影响,是急待解决的一个重要问题。介绍了部分国内外有关医疗暴力的报道,分析其危害及产生的原因,并提出相关对策。     

Parental capacities for triadic relationships during pregnancy: Early predictors of children's behavioral and representational functioning at preschool age

This study examines associations between parental capacities for triadic (mother–father–child) relationships, assessed prenatally, and the representational and behavioral functioning of their offspring at preschool age. Thirty‐eight parental couples were given an intensive psychodynamic interview during their first pregnancy to assess how they anticipated their future parenthood and their relationships as threesomes (mother–father–child). The capacity for triadic relationships (“triadic capacity”) was defined as the capacity of fathers and mothers to anticipate their family relationships without excluding either themselves or their partners from the relationship with the infant. Four years later, the representational and behavioral functioning of their children were assessed in depth using child narrative interviews and parental behavior ratings. The coherence of the children's narratives and the number of positive themes they expressed were significantly negatively correlated with the number of behavioral problems. In the longitudinal analyses, there were significant positive correlations between the parental triadic capacities and the coherence/number of positive themes in the children's narratives whereas parental triadic capacities showed a significant negative correlation with the number of the children's externalizing problems. The significance of triadic relational family processes for the development of children's representational world and behavioral functioning is discussed. ©2005 Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.     

器官移植准入制度迫在眉睫

器官移植在我国正在迅速、蓬勃发展.但是在各种利益的驱使下,我国的器官移植出现严重偏差.一些不具备技术实力的医院违反原则地盲目上马该项目.使国内器官移植生存率与国际相比有相当大差距,并在经济上及器官来源等各方面都造成了巨大浪费.因此,我国亟需配套与器官移植有关的各种法律、法规出台,以规范目前的混乱状况,提高我国器官移植质量.     

Improving judgmental forecasts with judgmental bootstrapping and task feedback support

This study examines the utility of two widely advocated methods for supporting judgmental forecasts—providing task feedback and providing judgmental bootstrapping support. In a simulated laboratory based experiment that focused on producing composite sales forecasts from three individual components, we compared the effectiveness of these two methods in improving final judgmental forecasts. In the presence of cognitive feedback task, feedback led to better forecasts than providing judgmental bootstrap forecasts. Simply providing bootstrap forecasts was of no additional benefit over a control condition. This was true in terms of the Brunswik Lens model measures of achievement, knowledge, and consistency, and in terms of forecast accuracy. This occurred both in stable environments and when special events (unusual one‐time events requiring adjustments to the forecasts) arose. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

3~5岁幼儿自我控制能力结构研究

运用验证性因素分析的方法得出我国3~5岁幼儿自我控制能力结构由自制力、坚持性、自觉性和自我延迟满足四个维度组成,四个维度之间既相互独立又相互联系.依据验证的结果设计了两个幼儿自我控制的现场实验,将实验结果与问卷结果相比较,二者存在着高度的一致性,问卷具有良好的信度和效度.     

试论"生理-心理-伦理-社会"相结合的大学生心理健康教育模式

提出了"生理-心理-伦理-社会"相结合的大学生心理健康教育模式,指出这种模式是建立在健康新概念的指导下,全面考虑了影响心理健康的各种因素,以当代大学生心理健康的现状与原因为基础和依据的具有中国特色的大学生心理健康教育模式.     

终末期癌症病人诊治中的心理特征与人文关怀

在诊治终末期癌症病人过程中不仅要关心他们的躯体方面,更要关心他们的心理方面,在诊治过程中要根据他们的独特的心理特征来进行人文心理关怀,维持生命质量和保证他们应有的人格尊严.     

大学生性心理与性教育

为了解大学生性心理和性教育的现状,对重庆医科大学1570名大学生进行问卷调查.结果是大学生性心理状况令人担忧,大学生缺乏正确的引导和教育,容易发生性心理偏差.建议在高校开展性教育.