宫颈癌普查与人文关怀

宫颈癌的发病率居女性恶性肿瘤的第二位,只要做到旱发现、早诊断、旱治疗,宫颈癌是一种可以预防和治愈的疾病.认真地做好宫颈癌的普查和随诊,能够降低宫颈癌的发病率和病死率.因为宫颈液基细胞学设备简单,方法便利,阳性检出率高,目前已成为基层医疗单位开展宫颈癌普查的重要手段.提倡宫颈癌的普查是对全社会育龄妇女健康的关怀,是医学人文精神的具体体现.全社会的妇女都应享有这种人文关怀.     

ICU不能回避的课题:生命支持系统的撤除

ICU内生命支持系统不但应得到充分的使用,在适当的时候也应予以撤除."适当"包括两方面含义:患者已经康复和患者已无可能康复,共同点在于继续使用生命支持系统已经无助于患者及家人的福祉.患者终末期管理已成为ICU专门领域,与其他专门领域同样需要相当的知识与能力.     

论日本汉方医学体系的最初形成

日本安土桃山时代,曲直濑道三在吸收中国传统医学的基础上,结合日本的特点创立了日本医学史上最初的"道三流后世派",汉方医学的体系与流派也由此开始建立.从"外史"角度,即文化、社会、政策等外在因素对汉方医学体系的最初形成及后世派发展的原因进行探讨.     

针对T细胞介导的胰岛自身免疫的治疗策略

1A型糖尿病是由T细胞所介导的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病.人们利用转基因技术、自身抗原疫苗接种、单克隆抗体治疗等新兴技术通过诱导自身免疫耐受,改变免疫调节因子,调节细胞凋亡等途径阻止了自身免疫反应对胰岛的攻击.这些针对其发病机制所提出的新型治疗策略让人们看到了治疗自身免疫型糖尿病的希望.     

论器官资源的开拓与公平分配

器官移植在我国正处于快速发展阶段,目前除技术层面的问题外,供体数量严重不足和分配不公的问题也十分突出.本文对我国器官资源短缺原因、器官移植立法的迫切性、器官移植市场的规范化引导等问题做了全面论述,尤其对如何建立可靠的供体库和器官分配公平性的实现等问题做了较为深入细致的探讨.     

儿童归纳推理机制述评

在儿童早期归纳推理机制的探索过程中,一直存在着两种观点.一种认为儿童归纳推理是以类别或概念为基础的;另一种则认为儿童归纳推理是以相似性为基础的.这两种观点可能各自反应了儿童归纳推理的一个方面:前者可能说明的是儿童在知识丰富领域的归纳推理;而后者则可能说明的是儿童在知识贫乏领域的归纳推理.     

中国文化下伴侣身高偏好的性别二态性研究

本研究首次考察中国文化下伴侣身高性别二态性偏好,验证Pawlowski潜在伴侣身高偏好条件性假设,并探讨性别角色对身高偏好的影响。结果表明：（1）选择不同身高搭配组的男女身高均有显著差异,低个男性和高个女性会选择和自已身高接近的伴侣高度。（2）男性对伴侣身高要求比女性更宽容。（3）不同性别角色类型被试对身高偏好无显著差异。     

神的问题还是人的问题？——质疑宗教拯救道德论

近来．从学术言论到社会生活中都有宗教拯救道德论流行的趋势。这种论调一方面导致民众信教意向的增加,另一方面导致了人们对科学和唯物主义信念的怀疑。本文首先指出这种观点对我国社会道德问题的归因是错误的。接着驳斥了与之紧密相关的科学宗教分工说和宗教高于科学说．最后揭示了宗教道德拯救论掩盖我国当前社会道德问题的实质．会被一部分人有意利用。     

Role of personal endorsement of outgroup members' distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in attitude towards the outgroup

The present study was designed to examine the role of the perceived culture of the outgroup and the perceiver's cognitive style on the intergroup process. We conducted a survey among mainland Chinese college students to discover the role of their personal endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese's distinctive values and need for cognitive closure in predicting their attitude towards the Hong Kong Chinese outgroup. Results showed that mainland Chinese who gave a higher endorsement of Hong Kong Chinese values were more likely to show a positive attitude towards Hong Kong Chinese, especially for people with a higher need for cognitive closure. These results were discussed in terms of the function of shared social reality on the formation of positive intergroup attitude. Future directions for intergroup research were proposed based on these findings.     

A laboratory-based procedure for measuring emotional expression from natural speech

Despite dramatic advances in the sophistication of tools for measuring prosodic and content channels of expression from natural speech, methodological issues have limited the simultaneous measurement of those channels for laboratory research. This is particularly unfortunate, considering the importance of emotional expression in daily living and how it can be disrupted in many psychological disorders (e.g., schizophrenia). The present study examined the Computerized assessment of Affect from Natural Speech (CANS), a laboratory-based procedure that was designed to measure both lexical and prosodic expression from natural speech across a range of evocative conditions. The verbal responses of 38 male and 31 female subjects were digitally recorded as they reacted to separate pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral stimuli. Lexical and prosodic expression variables significantly changed across these conditions, providing support for using the CANS in further laboratory research. The implications for understanding the interface between lexical and prosodic expressions are also discussed.