失恋心境和失恋情绪诱发对冒险行为的影响

考察失恋者和控制组在情绪启动后的风险选择特点,探究失恋心境和失恋情绪诱发对冒险行为影响的特征。方法：招募26名失恋被试和26名没有恋爱经历的被试,进行2组别（失恋组,控制组）×2情绪启动（启动,非启动）被试间设计,使用特定领域风险问卷评估冒险行为。结果：（1）情绪启动的主效应在经济、健康、社会、娱乐四个风险领域均显著,情绪启动组的冒险行为高于非情绪启动组;（2）失恋组的风险行为低于控制组,且只在社会和娱乐两个领域显著不同。结论：诱发失恋情绪引起更多冒险行为;而失恋心境状态下对冒险行为有所规避。     

思孟学派:义理与考据之间——梁涛先生访谈录

梁涛先生十年磨一剑,对郭店竹简与作为早期儒学核心问题的思孟学派进行了深入研究,取得了丰硕成果;并主张出土文献与传世文献不可偏废,考据与义理并重,对文献记载的"子曰"、"慎独"、"仁内义外"等问题提出新的看法,重新检讨了儒家道统论,主张回到子思去,以求儒学的多元发展.     

关于寺庙慈善事业可持续发展的探讨——以广州光孝寺为例

按佛教教义及管理学原理,以饶益、随顺众生为特色的寺庙慈善行为,满足了社会中的个体及群体的部分需求。因此,慈善行为也就成为寺庙这一非营利组织存在乃至发展的前提。人类的需求,有的亘古不变,如衣食住行等基本生理需求;有的则具备时代特征,如商业社会中普遍存在的求职、职业发展需求等。当今寺庙的慈善行为以因袭传统为特质,所满足的大多是那些不随社会变化而变化的需求。满足需求的手段,也以传统的财布施为主。因袭传统的慈善,或许可以维持寺庙的生存现状。若要实现可持续发展,则需探究众生在现时代的特有需求,在此基础上开发技能满足之。     

Modality effect in false recognition: evidence from Chinese characters

Using the Deese/Roediger‐McDermott (DRM) false memory method, Smith and Hunt ( 1998 ) first reported the modality effect on false memory and showed that false recall from DRM lists was lower following visual study than following auditory study, which led to numerous studies on the mechanism of modality effect on false memory and provided many competing explanations. In the present experiment, the authors tested the modality effect in false recognition by using a blocked presentation condition and a random presentation condition. The present experiment found a modality effect different from the results of the previous research; namely, false recognition was shown to be greater following visual study than following auditory study, especially in the blocked presentation condition rather than in the random presentation condition. The authors argued that this reversed modality effect may be due to different encoding and processing characteristics between Chinese characters and English words. Compared with English words, visual graphemes of critical lures in Chinese lists are likely to be activated and encoded in participants' minds, thus it is more difficult for participants to discriminate later inner graphemes from those items presented in visual modality. Hence visual presentation could lead to more false recognition than auditory presentation in Chinese lists. The results in the present experiment demonstrated that semantic activation occurring during the encoding and retrieve phases played an important role in modality effect in false recognition, and our findings might be explained by the activation‐monitoring account.     

工作记忆广度对语篇理解中重读效应的影响

本文探索了工作记忆容量对语篇理解中重读效应的影响。采用阅读广度测验对工作记忆容量进行测量, 筛选出高、低广度两组被试。并采用听觉动窗实验范式, 比较两组被试在语篇理解中即时加工时间的差异。研究结果表明, 重读效应受到工作记忆广度的显著影响。对于低工作记忆广度被试, 一致性重读促进语篇理解, 不一致性重读阻碍语篇理解; 但对于高工作记忆广度被试, 一致性重读的促进效应和不一致性重读的阻碍效应都不显著。另外, 只有在不一致性重读条件下, 低广度者语篇理解的即时加工时间显著多于高广度者, 而在一致性重读和无重读条件下则没有显著差异。最后用工作记忆的控制性注意理论对研究结果进行了讨论。     

试论佛教"六和"与团队建设

两千年来僧团因标举佛陀"六和"精神而和乐清静,虽历经劫难却发展不息.与之形成对比的是,我国企业建立的各种"团队"因缺乏符合国人特质的"团队精神"而往往以失败告终.本文回顾佛陀关于"六和"精神的教诲,认为在建设团队中,唯有以"六和"精神为导向,方可实现建立团队时的初衷.     

音乐节奏和共餐人数对就餐时间的影响

本实验采用现场实验研究的方法,对不同音乐节奏和共餐人数条件下大学生就餐时间的差异进行了分析。结果表明:(1)总的来说,音乐节奏对就餐时间的主效应是显著的,快节奏音乐下的就餐时间少于慢节奏下的就餐时间;(2)单人组被试就餐时间显著快于多人组被试共餐时间;(3)音乐节奏和共餐人数对就餐时间存在交互作用;(4)在单人就餐时音乐节奏对就餐时间的效应是显著的,而多人共餐则没有这种效应或效应不显著。     

A Study on Singaporeans’ Perceptions of Sexual Harassment From a Cross‐Cultural Perspective1

This paper addresses the question of whether culture and language in Singapore affect the interpretation of sexual harassment; that is, whether speakers from a different language and ethnic background will interpret the discourse domain of sexual harassment differently. Three studies constitute this research. The first study investigates whether certain cues relating to sexual harassment are judged equivalently across the ethnic groups. The second study examines how verbal space is conceptualized and ruled by the use of different languages used by different ethnic groups. The third study explores whether English, as a medium of communication, is a low‐context language. Results show that different ethnic groups perceived the cues differently; that ethnicity affects the interpretation of a single English phrase; and that English as used by Singaporeans is a high‐context language, which complicates the understanding of victims’ coping responses.     

"师夷长技以制夷"--中国近代教育理念与传统文化琐议

史学家把公元1840—1919年这一时期,称作中国的近代社会。这期间,中国发生了两次大的对外战事：一是由英国人发动的旨在侵略中国的鸦片战争;二是爆发于1894年的中日甲午战争。其结果,都以中国人的失败而告终。许多有识之士由此对清政府的腐败无能和西方先进的思想与科学技术有了深刻认识,于是,催生了近代史上著名的“洋务运动”和“维新运动”。     

平面几何图形内隐学习的优势效应

在人工语法范式下,以平面几何图形为材料。探讨平面几何图形内隐和外显学习的特点,并增设性别变量以了解内隐和外显学习的性别差异。以108名在校大学生为被试,分内隐和外显学习组,每组男女各半。结果表明：1、指导语上不存在主效应,即平面几何图形内隐学习存在优势效应。2、性别变量不存在主效应,即男女在学习能力上性别差异不显著。3、单元变量上存在主效应,单元二的成绩好于单元一。实验结果再次证明了内隐学习优势效应的普遍存在。