初中生自尊的认知加工偏向效应研究

探讨了初中生自尊的认知加工偏向效应。结果发现：高自尊初中生对积极词具有显著的注意偏向效应,低自尊初中生对积极词和消极词均不存在注意偏向效应;当对比图片为高兴－生气或高兴－中性表情时,高自尊初中生对高兴表情均存在显著的注意偏向效应,当对比图片为高兴－生气时,低自尊初中生对生气表情产生明显的注意偏向效应;高自尊组与低自尊组初中生分别对与自我有关的正向、负向形容词存在显著的记忆偏向效应。     

权利、义务、责任的内涵探讨

麦金太尔认为权利概念15世纪才出现,并怀疑以往是否存在自然权利;米尔恩则认为人类社会早就存在与权利相关的事实以及相应的权利意识。康德从权利、责任、义务的内在关系上揭示了权利概念的本质内涵,奠定了权利的道德价值基础。康德的思想存在不足,在理性与普遍形式理论两方面受到了非理性和历史主义的挑战。这些讨论有利于人们对权利、义务、责任本质内涵的深入理解。     

道家道德的普世情怀

Daoism has often been misunderstood as moral nihilism or anti-moralism, but the true Daoism indeed adopts a positive attitude towards morality. At the foundation of its universal sentiment is an affirmation of morality. Daoism takes all things as the starting point of its values in moral philosophy, and ziran 自然 (sponstaneously so) as the foundation of its philosophy with the universal commitment. Daoism hopes to use “Dao to create the best environment for survival, and to fulfill individual responsibility for all things in the world. This is a universal and open attitude towards values. The attraction of Daoist universal sentiment is that it takes ziran as its path, and “objectless desire, “unprincipled knowing, “non-coercive action as ways and means to ensure the transfer of the universal value to all things, while ensuring that they realize their true values and make contributions to the whole society.     

人机交互过程中认知负荷的综合测评方法

设计模拟网络引擎搜索和心算双任务实验,分析主观评定、绩效测量和生理测量三类评估指标对认知负荷变化的敏感性;采用因素分析、BP神经网络和自组织神经网络三种建模方法,探索人机交互过程中认知负荷的综合评估建模方法。结果显示：心理努力、任务主观难度、注视时间、注视次数、主任务反应时、主任务正确率6个指标对认知负荷变化敏感;采用多维综合评估模型对双任务作业认知负荷进行测量总体上比采用单一评估指标的测量更为有效。BP网络和自组织神经网络两种神经网络模型对认知负荷的测量结果优于传统的因素分析方法     

Leadership predictors of innovation and task performance: Subordinates' self‐esteem and self‐presentation as moderators

This study examined self‐related subordinate variables as moderators of relationships between supervisors' leadership behaviours (transformational as well as active‐corrective transactional leadership) and subordinates' innovative behaviour and task performance. Based on behavioural plasticity and self‐monitoring theory, we hypothesized that these associations would be moderated by subordinates' organization‐based self‐esteem and by their propensity to modify self‐presentation, a major facet of the self‐monitoring construct. Field survey data (N=161) collected in research and development, marketing and human resources departments of several German companies revealed that transformational leadership positively predicted both criteria, whereas active‐corrective transactional leadership negatively predicted innovation. As hypothesized, transformational leadership related more strongly and positively to innovation for subordinates low in organization‐based self‐esteem. When subordinates were low in self‐presentation propensity, active‐corrective transactional leadership was negatively, and transformational leadership was positively associated with task performance.     

结构方程模型应用中模型选择的原理和方法

随着结构方程模型在心理学研究中的应用,针对研究问题建构理论模型成为研究者们所重视的问题。该文探讨了心理学研究中模型选择的一般原则和基本方法,希望对广大研究者有所帮助。     

"大七"人格结构模型下的汉族、纳西族人格结构比较

采用中国人人格形容词评定量表(简式)对985名成年汉族和207名纳西族被试进行测量,结果显示:汉族的人格结构模型符合“大七人格结构模型”,而纳西族则不符合。纳西族在“外向活跃”、“严谨自制”、“温顺随和”、“淡泊诚信”等四个人格结构因子上的得分均显著高于汉族。     

师范毕业生师范素质的调查与研究

采用自编问卷对师范毕业生的师范素质进行了调查,结果显示,测量总体在性别方面的方差分析结果无差异显著性。各系毕业生与中小学教师在教育机智、学业诊断、学生管理、教学策略以及总均分上,方差分析结果均呈显著性差异,表明师范毕业生的师范素质训练不容乐观。     

“赶鬼治病”是神迹还是迷信

宗教和巫术关系的问题,是宗教学研究中的重要的问题。我们发表这篇文章,志在引起相关的讨论。     

梁漱溟的人生态度与"心性"说

梁漱溟在探索人生价值和中国出路两大问题的过程中,运用直觉的、理智的、理性的方法,构建起自己的"心性"学说和"无私的感情"等道德伦理观念,为新儒学伦理思想提供了理论上的新方法.