The impact of role modeling on protégés' personal learning and work-to-family enrichment

The present study investigates the impact of role modeling as perceived by protégés on their personal learning (i.e., relational job learning and personal skill development) and work-to-family enrichment (WFE). Results from a two-wave field survey of 173 protégés in the People's Republic of China indicate that role modeling positively affects relational job learning and personal skill development. However, personal skill development rather than relational job learning was found to be positively related to WFE and to mediate the relationship between role modeling and WFE. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed.     

伦理与审美的双重奏——儒家之礼的人类学解析

借鉴人类学关于仪式的研究成果,探讨传统儒家之礼对个体身心进行调节和实现社会整合的内在机制。儒家对礼进行建构的过程中,通过一系列具有审美意味的象征符号,展演了内在的伦理精神和道德理念,释放了个体的感性情感和欲望;通过赋予和强化个体的社会角色与身份,礼为个体生命的价值实现提供了一个构建意义的场域,同时也完成了对于个体的社会调控。     

利益相关者理论视野下的金融企业社会责任

2008年全面爆发的美国金融危机影响波及全球。从企业伦理或经济伦理的角度来看,此次金融危机的根源在于传统的股东利益至上理念的内在缺陷。本文提出用利益相关者理论替代股东利益至上理论。利益相关者理论强调企业应该考虑股东、员工、客户、合作伙伴、社区、政府、环境、经济共同体等各方利益相关者的权益。金融企业必须转变传统的经营理念,积极引进利益相关者理论,履行其所应承担的企业社会责任,此乃克服金融危机的一种可能的和有效的路径。     

Parental, Behavioral, and Psychological Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking among Secondary School Students in Nanjing, China

We designed this study to assess parental, behavioral, and psychological factors associated with tobacco use among Chinese adolescents. The data were collected from 995 middle school students in Nanjing, China. Both smoking experimentation and current smoking (smoking in the past 30 days) were assessed among the study sample. Psychosocial measures include family structure, problem behaviors, social influence of smoking (both parental and friends’ approval of smoking), depressive symptoms, social alienation, self-esteem, parental monitoring (social monitoring and academic monitoring) and parenting style (responsiveness and demandingness). Among the study sample (mean age 15.16 years and 50% females), 24% ever smoked and 15% smoked in the past 30 days. Advanced age, male gender, low family SES, low school performance and low educational aspiration were associated with both smoking experimentation and current smoking. Depressive symptoms, social alienation, low self-esteem, low social and academic monitoring, problem behaviors, low maternal and paternal responsiveness, peer smoking, parent smoking, and parental and friends’ approval of smoking were positively associated with current smoking among Chinese adolescents. Future tobacco use prevention efforts among Chinese adolescents need to consider the parental, behavioral, and psychological correlates identified in the current study.     

论政治义务及其证成

公民的政治义务与国家的统治权利相对,是一种道德义务,不同于法律义务.政治义务问题是一组相关的问题,以公民为什么有服从义务为中心.义务与责任的区分对于政治义务问题意义重大.各种证成政治义务的进路都有问题,这把我们推向了无政府主义.     

Mortality of geriatric and younger patients with schizophrenia in the community

Little is known about the differences in mortality among non-institutionalized geriatric and younger patients with schizophrenia. In this study long-term mortality and suicidal behavior of all the geriatric (age > or = 65 years), middle-age (age 41-64 years), and young (age 15-40 years) subjects with schizophrenia living in a Chinese rural community were compared. A 10 year follow-up investigation among a 1994 cohort (n = 510) of patients with schizophrenia was conducted in Xinjin County, Chengdu, China. Compared with young subjects, geriatric subjects with schizophrenia were more likely to be female, have more previous physical illness, never accepted treatment, and practice religious (p < or = 0.01). There were no significant differences of suicide attempts among the three groups. Young subjects had a higher rate of suicide (1,033.8 per 100,000 person-years), and geriatric subjects had a higher rate of deaths due to other causes (accident and natural causes) (4,314.2 per 100,000 person-years). Standardized mortality ratios for both suicide and deaths due to other causes were highest in young subjects and the lowest in geriatric subjects. Patients with schizophrenia in all age groups had a marked increase in mortality and suicide. Specific intervention strategies for decreasing mortality and suicide should be developed for patients with schizophrenia in different age groups.     

重复学习对错误记忆通道效应的影响

本研究采用DRM范式以80名大学生为被试对错误记忆的通道效应进行了研究.实验采用三因素混合设计,运用信号检测论等方法探讨了重复学习对不同通道错误再认的影响.结果发现:1)汉语词表具有与英文词表不同的通道效应,表现为视觉学习的错误再认高于听觉学习;2)重复学习对视觉学习与听觉学习的错误再认产生分离性影响,即重复学习降低了视觉学习的错误再认,却提高了听觉学习的错误再认;3)信号检测论的分析表明:听觉学习在重复学习后对关键诱词的错误再认的增加是听觉学习对要义信息日益增加的敏感性连同较为宽松的提取标准协同起作用的结果.     

高阶项目反应模型的发展与应用

在测量具有层阶结构的潜质时, 标准项目反应模型对项目参数估计和能力参数估计都具有较低的效率, 多维项目反应模型虽然在估计第一阶潜质时具有高效性, 但没有考虑到潜质层阶的情况, 所以它不适合用来处理具有层阶结构的潜质; 而高阶项目反应模型在处理这种具有层阶结构的潜质时, 不仅能够高效准确地对项目参数和能力参数进行估计, 而且还能同时获得高阶潜质与低阶潜质。目前存在的高阶项目反应模型有高阶DINA模型、高阶双参数正态肩型层阶模型、高阶逻辑斯蒂模型、多级评分的高阶项目反应模型和高阶题组模型。未来对高阶项目反应模型的研究方向应注意多水平高阶项目反应模型、项目内多维情况下的高阶项目反应模型以及高阶认知诊断模型。     

旅游表述语境下的中国宗教文化商品化解析

中国的宗教文化尤其是道佛教文化作为一种优质的人文旅游资源,在旅游表述过程中商品化的现象越来越严重。在旅游表述语境下解释分析我国宗教文化的商品化特征,有助于我们今后在旅游发展中本真表述宗教文化,维护宗教文化自觉。一些传承于历史的物化宗教文化事项在市场经济条件下是可以商品化的,而一些承载异质宗教特性的文化元素,作为该宗教地旅游符号标志的文化事项则需本真展示。     

宗教社会作用二重性与党的宗教工作问题研究

宗教的社会作用问题,是马克思主义宗教观的一个重要理论观点,是正确认识和对待宗教问题的关键点之一;中国共产党提出的社会主义社会历史时期宗教社会作用两重性的重要论述,是对马克思主义宗教观关于宗教社会作用问题的丰富和发展,它与正确认识、对待社会主义条件下的宗教问题和全面做好党的宗教工作息息相关;在宗教工作实践中,我们应创造性地运用和发展这一理论观点,为构建和谐社会、全面实现建设小康和创新型国家的战略决策,作出应有的贡献。