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近年来,算术模块的研究主要在行为和神经机制领域展开.种族进化史研究表明,动物具备算术能力,它们运用数量感来表征可数与不可数的数量,并以此为基础进行加法、减法、乘法和除法运算.个体发生学研究表明,婴儿也具备算术能力.神经科学的研究发现,动物和人的脑中有算术加工的区域和回路,在基本的数字表征和操作加工过程中,大脑双侧的顶内沟(HIPS)发挥着核心作用.以上各方面的研究证据支持算术模块观. 相似文献
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王重阳创立道教全真派,在他的思想中,"全真"二字是何含义?综合对其诗、词之考察,他主要是想全三教之真、全老庄之真和全心性之真.三方面的具体分析告诉我们,他这种回归老、庄的思想,在道教发展史上具有着重要的意义. 相似文献
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儿童的信念─愿望推理是心理理论研究的主要内容。多年来,研究者对儿童信念─愿望推理的发展特征及其心理机制进行了大量研究,取得了一系列富有意义的结论。但迄今为止仍有许多问题存在争议,如:儿童究竟何时开始具有信念─愿望推理的能力?儿童在错误信念任务上从不正确到正确反应的转换机制是什么?儿童如何进行信念─愿望推理的加工?该文回顾与探讨了上述存在争鸣的问题,并在此基础上对该领域未来研究方向做了展望。 相似文献
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曼德勒提出"知觉分析"理论来解释儿童概念起源.她假设概念获得是与知觉相分离的.该理论面临一些理论困难:1)知觉与概念的分离是否可能,2)一些基本概念界定模糊.尽管如此,"知觉分析"理论仍然对儿童概念获得问题做出了有效的解释.我们提倡将"知觉分析"理论和"心理理论"、"推理"和"心理模块性"等领域结合,可以克服"知觉分析"理论自身的困难,也可以对这些领域的研究提供实证支持. 相似文献
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青少年学生自我价值感特点的初步研究 总被引:55,自引:7,他引:48
采用《青少年学生自我价值感量表》对初中一年级到大学四年级共2187名青少年学生进行问卷调查,结果发现:(1)不同年级的学生在总体自我价值感、社会取向和个人取得的自我价值感方面差异极显著。(2)男生个人取向的自我价值感显著高于女生,女生社会取向的自我价值感则显著高于男生;男生个人取向的道德价值感高于女生,女生的社会取向的道德价值感则高于男生。(3)重点中学的学生在总体自我价值感、社会取向和个人取向的自我价值感、个人取向的家庭价值感以及社会取向的心理价值感、家庭价值感方面均显著高于非重点中学的学生。 相似文献
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The authors examined the extent to which Southeast Asian immigrant parents and adolescents agree on what it means to be a "good" parent and a "good" adolescent. Thirty-six parents and 37 adolescents of Cambodian, Hmong, Lao, and Vietnamese descent participated in a series of focus groups. Content analyses of their discussions showed that good adolescents were obedient, helpful around the house, and respectful to parents and elders, and good parents were those who provide for, nurture, and monitor children's activities. The findings suggest that ideas about good parents and good adolescents are influenced by both the parents' traditions and by adolescents' acculturation to American values. 相似文献
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Cheng Xu Yanqi Sun Jiawei Wang He Yan Wanfang Xiong 《Journal of Consumer Behaviour》2023,22(4):1016-1024
The causal link between customer privacy concerns and organizational nature—specifically, entrepreneurial startups versus mature enterprises—remains unexplored. Using an online experiment, this study examines whether consumers' privacy concerns differ between these two types of organizations. Drawing on protection motivation theory, the study investigates whether customers' privacy concerns are stronger toward entrepreneurial startups than toward mature firms when both declare privacy protection. It further explores whether consumer participation in designing privacy protection mechanisms differently affects consumers' privacy concerns toward start-ups versus mature firms. The empirical results of an online experiment using a sample of 373 college students support the study hypotheses that (i) for unilateral privacy protection declarations, consumers' privacy concerns are higher toward entrepreneurial startups, and (ii) when consumers are invited to participate in designing privacy protection mechanisms, consumers' privacy concerns toward entrepreneurial startups significantly decrease. Our findings complement the literature on consumer privacy defensive behaviors by highlighting that consumer privacy concerns are associated with the organizational nature and privacy protection initiatives. 相似文献
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Il y a plus d'une décennie, Ashford, Lee, and Bobko (1989) ont développé un outil de mesure standard permettant évaluer des niveaux individuels d'insécurité au travail. Les années suivantes, des chercheurs se sont demandé si la totalité des mesures composant cet instrument était nécessaire. Nous avons donc examiné l'utilité des différentes dimensions du test multidimensionnel de l'Insécurité au travail de Ashford et al. (1989) aux Etats Unis et en Chine, en éprouvant et élargissant les conclusions antérieures. Nos résultats suggèrent qu'éliminer les dimensions "caractéristiques du travail" et "impuissance" de l'instrument multidimensionnel initial est prématuré dans les deux cultures. D'autres recherches s'avèrent donc nécessaires pour déterminer l'utilité de cet outil dans sa version complète. Les implications de nos résultats sont discutées.
Over a decade ago, Ashford, Lee, and Bobko (1989 ) developed a standard measure for those interested in assessing levels of individual job insecurity. In ensuing years, some researchers have questioned whether the entire measure is necessary. We examined the usefulness of the components of Ashford et al.'s (1989 ) multidimensional measure of job insecurity in both the United States and China, as well as replicating and extending prior findings regarding antecedents and consequences. Our results suggest that the call to eliminate job features or powerlessness from the fully composite measure of job insecurity is premature in both cultures. We call for more research on the utility of the fully operationalised measure. Implications of our findings are discussed. 相似文献
Over a decade ago, Ashford, Lee, and Bobko (1989 ) developed a standard measure for those interested in assessing levels of individual job insecurity. In ensuing years, some researchers have questioned whether the entire measure is necessary. We examined the usefulness of the components of Ashford et al.'s (1989 ) multidimensional measure of job insecurity in both the United States and China, as well as replicating and extending prior findings regarding antecedents and consequences. Our results suggest that the call to eliminate job features or powerlessness from the fully composite measure of job insecurity is premature in both cultures. We call for more research on the utility of the fully operationalised measure. Implications of our findings are discussed. 相似文献