博弈论中重复可允许算法的认知分析

博弈论中重复可允许(Iterated Admissibilty)算法对于快速约简博弈模型、寻找合理置信的纳什均衡具有重要意义,但该算法的认知基础存在悖论。本文构建一个完备的博弈认知逻辑系统EL_G,利用该系统语言描述博弈相关概念和性质,使得我们可以基于EL_G逻辑刻画重复可允许算法,从而达到为该算法提供合理的认知基础,解决算法背后的认知悖论的目的。     

Poly‐victimization and executive functions in junior college students

This study sought to characterize executive dysfunctions in poly‐victimized students without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and the relationship between neuropsychological and behavioral rating measures of executive functions (EFs). Based on self‐report data of exposure to victimization and PTSD symptoms, 259 junior college students aged 18–21 years were classified into four groups: poly‐victimization with PTSD symptoms (PVP), poly‐victimization without PTSD symptoms (PVnP), non‐poly‐victimization (nPV), and non‐victimization (nV). Respondents also completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐Adult Version (BRIEF‐A). Of the 259 participants, 131 were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB). The PVP group and the PVnP group performed worse than the nV group on most BRIEF‐A scales. When compared with the nPV group, the PVP group demonstrated poorer performance on the scales of Inhibit, Shift, Emotional Control, Initiate, and Working Memory, while the PVnP group performed more poorly on the Working Memory scale and the Task Monitor scale. For all BRIEF‐A scales, no significant differences were detected between the PVP group and the PVnP group. This study showed no between‐group differences for most of the neuropsychological tests except for the Stop Signal Task (SST), and no correlations between these two measures of EFs. Overall, we found evidence of an association between deficits in EFs and poly‐victimization. Although our study raises questions about the relationship between these two measures of EFs, it suggests that the use of the BRIEF‐A in conjunction with the CANTAB provides a more complete assessment of the executive dysfunctions.     

韩国宗教现状简述

本文主要根据调查统计资料,简述韩国宗教现状,企望学者能对当代韩国宗教作更多的了解和更深入的研究.     

中国人的人格特点（Ⅵ）：人际关系

人际关系人格维度包括宽和与热情两个次级因素,反映的是对待人际关系的基本态度.该研究依据本土化的中国人人格量表对中国人的人际关系人格维度及其两个次级因素的特点进行了分析,发现个体的性别、年龄、职业和婚姻状况均对人际关系产生不同程度的影响.总体上看,女性比男性对人更宽和,男性比女性对人更热情;年龄越大,人际关系分数越高;行政管理者比工人农民与和教科文卫人员人际关系分数更高,而婚姻状况也与年龄和性别一起影响个体的人际关系倾向.     

Young adult romantic relationships: the role of parents' marital problems and relationship efficacy

This study examined the link between parental divorce and marital conflict and young adult romantic relationships, and it tested whether offspring efficacy beliefs and conflict mediate this association. Young adults (N=358) provided data at three time points each separated by 7-week intervals. Results from structural equation modeling demonstrated that (a) parents' marital conflict, rather than parental divorce, was associated with offspring conflict behavior; (b) relationship efficacy mediated this association; and (c) conflict behavior, in turn, mediated the association between efficacy beliefs and the quality of offspring romantic relationships. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the impact of parents' marital problems on romantic relationships in young adulthood. Their implications for preventive interventions and future research are also outlined.     

大学生使用BBS的心理因素研究

在理论分析基础上,构建了大学生使用BBS的心理因素及行为模型,并编制问卷,通过对137名大学生的问卷调查对该模型进行了验证.结果表明:1.使用BBS的行为意向和自我效能感对使用行为的预测作用极其显著.2.使用BBS的态度对行为意向有极显著的正向影响.3.使用BBS过程中体验到的实用性和积极感受对于态度有显著的正向影响,而在使用BBS过程中体验到的危害性对态度有负向影响.4.互联网自我效能感对使用BBS的自我效能感有极其显著的正向影响,但对使用BBS的态度无显著影响.5.使用BBS的自我效能感和控制感对使用行为的影响不显著.     

服从行为的心理学研究

分析了米尔格拉姆"服从"实验中被试的心理行为特点;阐述了米尔格拉姆"服从"实验中被试行为的多重性质;揭示了服从是"主体在特定社会情境中,通过对客体提供的社会信息的概括、判断和推理,为寻求奖赏或免受惩罚而产生的与客体一致的行为或态度"的本质;提出了服从行为"期望理论"的数学模型和服从行为转化的基本历程函数图.     

学龄早期Asperger综合症儿童行为问题和注意、行为抑制功能研究

研究采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(父母用表)和注意、行为抑制及动作协调性行为任务对12名学龄早期的Asperger综合征儿童与29名在年龄及智力水平上与之匹配的正常儿童在行为问题、注意、行为抑制及动作协调等方面进行了比较.结果发现,在控制了年龄和智力因素后:1)Asperger综合征儿童的社会能力与正常儿童相比明显较差,同时常伴随有交往不良、社交退缩、焦虑、忧郁、强迫性、攻击性和多动等一系列行为问题;2)Asperger综合征儿童表现出一定的注意和行为抑制障碍,动作的协调性和灵活性较差.     

自尊、防御机制与流浪儿童偏差行为的关系研究

本研究以北京、上海两地救助机构的41名流浪儿童为对象,通过半结构访谈、问卷调查等研究方法,对流浪儿童的心理特征和行为表现进行了深人研究和探讨.结果显示:(1)流浪时问对中间型防御机制有显著影响;性别对流浪儿童所采取的防御机制类型有显著影响.(2)流浪生活(流浪原因、是否有教唆者或加入特定组织、流浪次数等)对偏差行为有重要影响.(3)自尊缓冲不成熟防御机制对偏差行为的负向关系.