Individualism–collectivism and organ donation intentions

This article investigates the impact of individualism–collectivism on a person's willingness to donate organs. In Study 1, an online survey showed that individualism–collectivism was significantly and positively associated with participants' willingness to register as organ donors while perceived benefit mediated this relationship. Study 2 demonstrated the causal effect of individualism–collectivism on organ donation intentions using a priming technique. Participants primed with collectivism were more likely to register as organ donors than those primed with individualism. Our findings provide unique insights into whether cultural values (i.e., individualism–collectivism) can predict people's organ donation intentions.     

视障群体的编码方式对动作内隐和外显记忆影响的实验研究

采用加工分离程序的研究方法,以视障运动员和视障学生为实验组,明眼运动员和明眼学生为对照组,以肘关节动作为实验材料,考查了动作内隐和外显记忆的特点。结果显示：(1)视障和明眼运动员的动作内隐和外显记忆均受到编码方式的影响;而视障和明眼学生仅动作外显记忆受到编码方式的影响：(2)不同被试类间的动作内隐和外显记忆成绩存在差异。     

广东汕头市公安人员心理健康水平调查研究

为调查了解汕头市公安人员的心理健康状况．本文采用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)对汕头市区分局的男女警察共339名进行问卷调查,分析所得数据,结果发现：样本总体健康水平高于常模;女警察心理健康程度略高于男警察;治安警在强迫人际关系和忧郁程度方面因子分显著比刑警、巡警高;警龄大于15年的警察群体的躯体化因子分大于警龄小于15年的警察;年龄大的警察样本偏执因子分高于年龄小的样本。结论表明：警察群体的总体心理健康状况良好,但部分群体在某些心理状况方面需加以调整和改善。     

视障学生意识与无意识在文字材料记忆中的贡献

本实验采用3×2×2×2的四因素混合设计,通过加工分离程序(PDP)的包含和排除测验,计算意识和无意识的贡献大小。结果表明,⑴在不同的材料类型上,意识和无意识贡献差异极其显著,意识的贡献低于无意识的贡献;⑵视障学生和正常学生意识和无意识贡献之间差异不显著;⑶年龄因素的差异也不显著     

Confucianism as canonic culture

The present article is inspired by Liu's ( 2017 ) idea on how Asian philosophy can, in general, and Confucianism, in particular, contribute to psychological science and practice. We first clarify potential misunderstandings of Liu's ( 2017 ) paper as a theoretical argument for indigenous psychology or as a debate on philosophy or the philosophy of science. To interpret and develop Liu's idea, we then conceptualize the concept of culture as canonic (abstract, philosophical and as it appears in classical books or articles) vs. popular (concrete, experiential and as it appears in people's daily lives). Further, since Liu's main point is about canonic rather than popular culture, we focus on canonic culture and propose three principles of it, namely the principle of diversity, the principle of hermeneutics and the principle of inspiration. These principles respectively reveal the characteristics, the interpretation process and the beneficial function of a canonic culture like Confucianism.     

类别使用目的对类别典型性效应的影响

采用ERPs技术,对不同类别使用目的的典型性效应进行研究。通过分类方式控制类别使用目的,分别采用包含法和排除法对材料进行类属判断。结果表明:(1)排除组反应时显著短于包含组,表明两种条件下被试可能采取了不同的认知加工策略;(2)在认知加工早期阶段210ms-310ms,包含组引发了更大的N2波幅,这说明类别使用目的对类别典型性表征的影响在早期认知加工阶段就已有所表现。(3)370ms-470ms阶段,典型性样例在排除组引发了比包含组更大的N400;表明类别使用目的影响了典型性表征的加工。     

自然主义思潮中的科学实践哲学:进路及其问题

It is the continuity between epistemology and empirical science that the naturalism in contemporary philosophy of science emphasizes. After its individual and social dimensions, the philosophy of scientific practice takes a stand on naturalism in order to observe complex scientific activities through practice. However, regarding the naturalism’s problem of normativity, the philosophy of scientific practice today has deconstructed more than it has constructed.     

中国少数民族考生与外国考生HSK成绩的公平性分析

该研究利用项目功能差异(Differential Item Functioning,简称DIF)理论,对HSK考生中不同两个群体——外国人和中国国内的少数民族,进行题目的反应分析。考查HSK的题目是否存在不利于某一群体。具体做法：采用MH和SIBTEST方法检测DIF,利用标准化的离散分析方法和SIBTEST的项目束分析法鉴别DIF的真伪,并寻找造成DIF的原因。由数据分析的结果可知,HSK(初、中等)A卷对对外国考生和中国国内的少数民族考生存在一些有DIF的题目。     

合作意识的认知成份分析

本研究以 2× 2× 2的混合设计 ,采用问卷测量方法检验不同被试间合作意识的认知差异。被试来自两个群体 :青年组包括 133名大学生 ;老年组包括 110名 40— 6 0岁的各业人士。结果验证了实验假设 ,发现人们对合作意识与竞争意识的认知存在差异。在能力维度上 ,人们认为具有竞争意识的人能力更强 ;在个性维度上 ,具有合作意识的人比具有竞争意识的人更加顺从。人们的工作价值观与他们对他人的评价存在显著相关。