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251.
大学生心理健康因素分析 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
大学生的心理健康问题与新时代社会发展有密切关系.他们的心理特点带有强烈的时代色彩。大学新生与毕业生的心理需求不同,所产生的心理障碍也不同,但通过心理咨询和心理健康教育,可以在很大程度上使学生们保持心理健康。 相似文献
252.
克利考特伦理整体主义理论研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章从克利考特与大地伦理学的理论渊源着手,对克利考特如何捍卫大地伦理学,扩展大地伦理理论,以及提出的伦理整体主义这一理论发展过程做一概说。 相似文献
253.
采用ERPs技术,对不同类别使用目的的典型性效应进行研究。通过分类方式控制类别使用目的,分别采用包含法和排除法对材料进行类属判断。结果表明:(1)排除组反应时显著短于包含组,表明两种条件下被试可能采取了不同的认知加工策略;(2)在认知加工早期阶段210ms-310ms,包含组引发了更大的N2波幅,这说明类别使用目的对类别典型性表征的影响在早期认知加工阶段就已有所表现。(3)370ms-470ms阶段,典型性样例在排除组引发了比包含组更大的N400;表明类别使用目的影响了典型性表征的加工。 相似文献
254.
255.
The present article is inspired by Liu's ( 2017 ) idea on how Asian philosophy can, in general, and Confucianism, in particular, contribute to psychological science and practice. We first clarify potential misunderstandings of Liu's ( 2017 ) paper as a theoretical argument for indigenous psychology or as a debate on philosophy or the philosophy of science. To interpret and develop Liu's idea, we then conceptualize the concept of culture as canonic (abstract, philosophical and as it appears in classical books or articles) vs. popular (concrete, experiential and as it appears in people's daily lives). Further, since Liu's main point is about canonic rather than popular culture, we focus on canonic culture and propose three principles of it, namely the principle of diversity, the principle of hermeneutics and the principle of inspiration. These principles respectively reveal the characteristics, the interpretation process and the beneficial function of a canonic culture like Confucianism. 相似文献
256.
Open-ended questions were used to obtain narrative accounts of what makes a girl (or a boy) popular (or unpopular) at school. The participants were 489 African American students in Grades 1, 4, and 7 recruited from high-risk inner-city neighborhoods. Appearance and self-presentation were mentioned the most in Grades 4 and 7. Prosocial characteristics were especially relevant for popularity in Grade 1, as were studentship in Grade 4 and peer affiliations in Grade 7. Deviant behaviors were nominated for popularity more frequently in Grade 7 than in the younger grades and more for boys' popularity than for girls'. The mean deviance scores were negative in all grade levels, suggesting a normative peer culture. Male groups in Grade 7 showed significant homophily in reports of deviant behaviors. 相似文献
257.
Yue Zhang Yi Ding Xiaona Xie Yongyu Guo Paul A. M. van Lange 《Asian Journal of Social Psychology》2023,26(1):39-51
Does COVID-19 affect people of all classes equally? In the current research, we focus on the social issue of risk inequality during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a nationwide survey conducted in China (N = 1,137), we predicted and found that compared to higher-class individuals, lower-class participants reported a stronger decline in self-rated health as well as economic well-being due to the COVID-19 outbreak. At the same time, we examined participants' beliefs regarding the distribution of risks. The results demonstrated that although lower-class individuals were facing higher risks, they expressed lesser belief in such a risk inequality than their higher-class counterparts. This tendency was partly mediated by their stronger endorsement of system-justifying beliefs. The findings provide novel evidence of the misperception of risk inequality among the disadvantaged in the context of COVID-19. Implications for science and policy are discussed. 相似文献
258.
Double Reference Points: the Effects of Social and Financial Reference Points on Decisions Under Risk 下载免费PDF全文
The existing literature is inconsistent about how social comparison affects risk attitudes. We propose a framework where the total utility is composed of the social and financial utilities. The financial utility is consistent with prospect theory (i.e., an S‐shaped utility function with a financial reference point), whereas the social utility is affected by both social and financial reference points. Therefore, social risk attitudes are determined by interaction between gains/losses in both social and financial contexts. On the basis of safety‐first principle, we propose that when experiencing financial gains, individuals tend to seek upside potential and take social risks (i.e., a convex social utility function). In contrast, when facing financial losses, people would be more risk seeking in social gains but more risk averse in social losses to maximize security (i.e., an inverse S‐shaped utility function). We also propose that the relative importance of financial and social utilities depends on the saliency of the reference points and size of stakes. Studies 1 and 2 showed that individuals were risk seeking in both social gains and losses with social reference points alone. Studies 3 and 4 demonstrated that when both financial and social reference points were salient, participants were risk averse in both social gains and losses when facing financial gains, but risk seeking in social gains and risk averse in social losses when facing financial losses. The hypotheses derived from the theoretical framework were in general supported by our experiments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
259.
两个实验分别操纵四卡问题中四类卡片(P、-P、Q、-Q)的数量或Q卡与-Q卡之间的比率,以探讨四类卡片的数量关系对经典四卡问题解决的影响,从而间接推断被试解决经典四卡问题时所采用的策略。实验一等比率地增加P卡、-P卡、Q卡、-Q卡的数量,结果发现,等比率地增加P卡、-P卡、Q卡、-Q卡的数量,使得P卡和Q卡被选择的比率减小,而-P卡和-Q卡被选择的比率不存在显著变化。实验二按不同比率操纵Q卡和-Q卡的数量,结果发现,当Q卡和-Q卡出现的比率不同时,Q卡数目越多,Q卡被选择的平均比率越小,但没有影响到P、-P卡和-Q卡被选择的比率。这些结果表明被试解决经典四卡问题时采用了"匹配偏向"策略。 相似文献
260.