危机管理在急诊护理管理中的应用

本文概述了急诊护理危机管理的含义,分析了当前急诊科护理危机的隐患因素,并进一步探讨危机管理在急诊护理管理中应用时的具体措施.阐述了强化危机管理在现代急诊护理管理中的重要作用,提出应最大限度防范与控制急诊护理危机,全面提高急诊科护理管理水平.     

字素-音素与词体-尾音对中国人英语语音加工的影响

研究采用命名任务,探讨了字素-音素对应规则与词体-尾音对应规则在英语假词和中高频真词读音中的作用.结果发现,中国被试同时采用字素-音素对应规则与词体-尾音对应规则命名假词和中高频真词,但是字素-音素对应规则对假词命名更重要.     

正一道天师传承制度初探

稳定有效的宗教领袖产生制度对宗教组织的生存发展至关重要,本文通过对历代正一道天师传承关系的分析之后认为,该宗教传承制度具有四个显著特征:鲜明的差序格局;神圣与世俗的双重合法性基础;纳入国家职官管理范围;实行信物制度。天师传承制度保持了连续性和稳定性,是因为建立了良好的保障机制,即外在政权认可与扶植、民众心理与社会舆论支援以及内在宗教组织与制度支撑。     

“人的个性”的前提性问题

人的个性问题虽然日益引起学界的兴趣并取得了不少研究成果,但对这一问题的研究仍需进行前提性反思。当我们深入思考和分析这三个问题时,就会发现其中隐含着一系列需要思考的前提性问题:究竟什么是人的个性?人的个性对于人究竟意味着何种意义与价值?人的个性究竟是从哪里来的?这些问题是研究人的个性需要首先回答的问题。真正理解和把握人的个性问题需要超越抽象人性论的思想局限。只有以马克思的具体人性论思想为指导,才能形成关于人的个性的合理观念。     

Home literacy experiences and literacy acquisition among children in Guangzhou, south China

Sénéchal's research in the West with English- and French-speaking children included positive relations of the development of literacy skills with home literacy experiences. There is a need to extend this research to other countries, especially in China where few studies have been done. This study examined relations of parental reports of formal and informal home literacy variables with Chinese children's vocabulary and written language development. Consistent with previous studies in the West, informal home literacy experiences were associated with Chinese children's vocabulary knowledge, and formal literacy experiences with reading skills. These findings fit previous research which distinguishes formal and informal literacy experiences in relation to children's performance on reading and language skills, and indicates reading to children is less effective for acquisition of print-specific skills.     

肺结核患者的血糖控制

肺结核与糖尿病是两种严重危害人类健康的疾病。越来越多的研究证明,发生结核病的一个重要的危险因素为糖尿病,而且可能会影响肺结核患者的表现和治疗反应。另外,结核病可能会导致糖耐量异常,并使糖尿病患者的血糖控制不良。糖尿病引起肺结核发病增加,可能是因为持续的高血糖损害了针对结核杆菌的机体免疫。对结核病患者合并糖尿病者,药物治疗需考虑到药物动力学,监测血糖,谨慎用药。     

Cultural effect on perspective taking in Chinese-English bilinguals

Some recent evidence has suggested that perspective taking skills in everyday life situations may differ across cultural groups. In the present study, we investigated this effect via culture priming in a group of Chinese-English bilingual adults in the context of a communication game. Results showed that the participants made more perspective taking errors when interpreting the game instruction under the Western than the Chinese primes. The findings suggest that the ability to assume others' mental states not only can be used strategically but is also influenced by the currently active cultural frame in the mind of the bilingual. The present study provides the first evidence for a cultural effect on perspective taking using a within-sample approach via culture priming.     

语义性别刻板印象对注意返回抑制的影响——来自行为和ERP的证据

采用ERP技术,以线索提示任务检验了性别刻板印象在返回抑制下的激活过程.实验以性别特征词为线索刺激,性别范畴词为目标刺激,要求被试忽略线索与目标语义仅对目标空间位置做出判断.反应时和ERP显示,线索化条件下刻板语义激活对位置判断产生显著影响,体现为女性刻板语义冲突增强了返回抑制.但非线索化条件下未观察到任何效应.实验结果表明,特定任务下性别刻板印象能够诱发注意偏向,但此过程易受注意线索影响,显示其有条件性.     

哲学研究的理论自觉

一、哲学研究的学术性与现实性的双重自觉面向现实和坚持学术,是当代中国哲学研究积淀的宝贵经验。哲学是思想中所把握到的时代和自己时代精神的精华,面向现实生活是哲学的天命。任何真诚的哲学思考不仅深入自然、     

Multiple trajectories of depressive symptoms in middle and late life: racial/ethnic variations

This research aims to identify distinct courses of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Americans and to ascertain how these courses vary by race/ethnicity. Data came from the 1995-2006 Health and Retirement Study which involved a national sample of 17,196 Americans over 50 years of age with up to six repeated observations. Depressive symptoms were measured by an abbreviated version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Semiparametric group based mixture models (Proc Traj) were used for data analysis. Six major trajectories were identified: (a) minimal depressive symptoms (15.9%), (b) low depressive symptoms (36.3%), (c) moderate and stable depressive symptoms (29.2%), (d) high but decreasing depressive symptoms (6.6%), (e) moderate but increasing depressive symptoms (8.3%), and (f) persistently high depressive symptoms (3.6%). Adjustment of time-varying covariates (e.g., income and health conditions) resulted in a similar set of distinct trajectories. Relative to White Americans, Black and Hispanic Americans were significantly more likely to be in trajectories of more elevated depressive symptoms. In addition, they were more likely to experience increasing and decreasing depressive symptoms. Racial and ethnic variations in trajectory groups were partially mediated by SES, marital status, and health conditions, particularly when both interpersonal and intrapersonal differences in these variables were taken into account.